Download - Romanesque to the Renaissance
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Romanesque to the Renaissance
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Assignment
Watch “Art of the Western World” @ learner.org and write a response to each part.
1. A White Garment of Churches (due week 6 and 7)Part I: Church as patron of Romanesque architecture and sculpture. Part II: Gothic architecture and High Gothic style.
2. The Early Renaissance. (due week 8 and 9)Part I: The rebirth of classical themes.Part II: Glowing color—Oil Paint
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What do you see?(not what do you interpret)
What is valued?
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What to look for in artsubject matternaturalism (realism) vs. abstraction materials and technologysize and numberparticular practices, media, or genres
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Premisesliterature : ideas :: art : culture
Cultural ideas and values exist across pieces and media
Art originates in religious and social rituals and in the expertise of a craft
Art becomes instructive and entertaining and a sign of prosperity
Only recently has art become a means of personal expression (Romanticism)
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arts and ideasPre-Hellenic Hellenic Hellenistic Roman
[Divinism] Humanism Individualism [Cosmopolitanism]
mysticalhierarchical
Idealism Realism [Stoicism/Epicureanism][conservatism]
symbolism Rationalism Empiricism emotional technique
Utilitarianism organization copying
awe restraint, nobility engagement, emotional response
didactic, functional, pious
naturalist vs abstractperiod, cultural idea, dominant mode, technique, effect
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Early Christian and ByzantineHellenic Roman Early Christian Byzantine
Humanism [Cosmopolitanism] [Divinism] [Divinism]
Idealism [Stoicism/Epicureanism][conservatism]
mysticism, inheritance of Greece and Rome
mysticism, [inheritance of the East]
Rationalism Utilitarianism organization copying
symbolism, [natural and common]
symbolism, abstract and hierarchical
restraint, nobility didactic, functional, pious
devout, active, inclusive
obedient, passive, subordinate
Columns descend in the following categories: period, cultural idea, dominant mode, technique, effect
naturalist (the representation is the artistic focus) vsabstract (the referent is the artistic focus)
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Classical TimesPeriod Hellenic Hellenistic Roman
Cultural Ideal Humanism Humanism [Humanism]
Cultural Emphasis, dominant mode
Idealism Individualism [Cosmopolitanism][Stoicism/Epicureanism][conservatism]
Technical method Rationalism RealismEmpiricism emotional technique
Utilitarianism organization copying
Effect on audience restraint, nobility engagement, emotional response
didactic, functional, pious
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Culture, Art, and IdeasPeriod Early
ChristianRomanesque Gothic International
GothicRenaissance
Cultural Ideal
Divinism Divinism Divinism Divinism Humanism
Cultural Emphasis, dominant mode
mysticism, inheritance of Greece and Rome
Duality and Hierarchy: Contemplative or Active Life
Opposition and Synthesis:
materialism and sophistication
classicism, individualism, “uomo universale”
Technical method
symbolism, natural and common
abstraction, emblems, parables
totalization, dynamism
ornamentation, naturalism
perspectivism, naturalism, rationalism
Effect on audience
devout, active, inclusive
Faith or fealty intellectuality and chivalry
sensualism nobility, engagement
practices catacombs pilgrimages trade, public religious patronage
antiquarianism science, history, private patronage
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Romanesque to Gothic
• interior vs. exterior• abbey vs. town• judgment vs. majesty and Mary• endowments vs. donations (guilds)
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Gothic to Renaissance
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Beauvais Cathedral
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Ulm Cathedral
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Milan Cathedral
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