Download - Room for the River Presentation 2011
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Room for the River
From flood Resistance to flood Accomodation
Renee Jones-BosAmbassador
Dale MorrisSr Economist
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“Make it a Story”
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The Netherlands: a delta landscape, penetrated by rivers, subject to sea and river flooding
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1958 flood risk/safety standards established (post ’53 flood)
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A dangerous, dynamic landscape (or, a hydraulic engineering laboratory)
--security, and economy
-- ~ 17 million people, 16th largest economy, 3rd most densely populated country
-- 60% of people live in, 70% of GDP produced in, areas between 1 and 6.5 meters below mean sea level
--subsiding
--water is our challenge, and our opportunity
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Encroachments (1850 – 2000):restriction of discharge capacityloss of flood storage areas
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Urban Bottleneck at Arnhem (1830 and 2000)
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Loss of room Rhine, Netherlands 1850-2000Available surface area
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Room for the River
• Design discharge increase (for 2050), from 15.000 m3/s to 16.000 m3/s, is insufficient, given climate change
• Projected need:18,000 – 20,000 m3/s by 2100; 1995 flood: 12,500 m3/s
• Heightening / reinforcing embankments is costly ($1.7 billion / 2050), and will likely increase overall risk
• From flood resistance to flood accomodation• Reduce projected increase in design discharge levels• Dike heightening only as a last resort• Flood management and spatial quality (enhancing natural and cultural
landscape values); design teams led by local govt.
• RvR began as idea in 1986, gained momentum in 1990s, US projects as inspiration
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4.0203 003
Possible measures
13 1216
910
15
14flood level
118
12345678
narrowing of main channellowering of groynedredgingdumping of sedimentpermanent layernatural bankremoving of summer embankmentsecondary channel
910111213141516
lowering of flood plainnature developmentremoving of high-water free areasdike reinforcementdike repositioningretentionobstruction of lateral flowdike raising
7
6 1
2
low water level
253
4
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4.0203 003
Possible measures
13 1216
910
15
14flood level
118
12345678
narrowing of main channellowering of groynedredgingdumping of sedimentpermanent layernatural bankremoving of summer embankmentsecondary channel
910111213141516
lowering of flood plainnature developmentremoving of high-water free areasdike reinforcementdike repositioningretentionobstruction of lateral flowdike raising
7
6 1
2
low water level
253
4
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Dredging
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R 3 29 4 E 0 00 41 9 p
uiterw aardver lagigng
Room forthe Rhine branches
lowering flood plains
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Room forthe Rhine branches
lowering flood plains
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Elevated area; before removal
Room forthe Rhine branches
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Elevated area; after removal
Room forthe Rhine branches
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Abutment of a bridge; before removal
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Abutment of a bridge; after removal
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Dike relocation
Dike relocation (set back)
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Lowering of groins
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stedelijke knelpunten
R 3 29 4 E 0 00 41 8 m
Removal of local bottlenecks, bypasses
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Waal River / Nijmegen Project• River bottleneck, channel restriction from 1500m width to
450 m width
Options:
• Ag / undeveloped land available to north
• Northern river bank land targeted for development
• Key road / rail / harbor infrastructure
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1
R 3294 N ijm ege n02
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Bypass rejected• Creation of moat fortress unwise• Safety: 1/250 – 1/500 yr event?• Possible future requirement to heighten fortress embankments? • Infra needs substantial (bridges, roads)• Negative impact on farmers / landowners• Taking land out of commerce• Overall Cost
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Dike set-back strategy: safety, increased storage / flow capacity, and new land opportunities
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Before / After (impression)
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New spatial quality, commercial/residential development
Gemeente Nijmegen en RWS-DON
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Planning 2006 – 2011, implementation 2013 – 2016Cost: $400 million
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Noordwaard Polder
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Depoldering Noordwaard (11,000 square acres)• Goals:
• Lower water level +/- 30 cm @ Gorinchem
• Improve spatial quality of area• Restore coherence of environment• Enable current residents to maintain
residence, if desired• Maintenance of farming occupation
(either within polder or elsewhere)
• Impacts:
• Overflow area will flood 1-5 x year
Nearby areas 1 x in 25 years
Fort Steurgart remains protected• Most residences will now be “outside
the dikes”, on raised mounds• Flood levels no higher than 1 meter in
residences• New park / recreation / tourism
opportunities • Remains accessible to all users• Surprise! Reduce flood risk at
Dordrecht (90 cm)
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Depoldering, the plan3
river MeuseTo the sea
river Merwede
Bottleneck Gorinchem
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First sketches3
normal watercondition
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‘2 weeks a year’ condition
First sketches
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‘1/100, 1/1000 year’ condition
First sketches
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spatial design3
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waterdynamic3
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3waterdynamic
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3waterdynamic
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3waterdynamic
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3waterdynamic
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3waterdynamic
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Depoldering Noordwaard (11,000 square acres)• Goals:
• Lower water level +/- 30 cm @ Gorinchem
• Improve spatial quality of area• Restore coherence of environment• Enable current residents to maintain
residence, if desired• Maintenance of farming occupation
(either within polder or elsewhere)
• Impacts:
• Overflow area will flood 1-5 x year
Nearby areas 1 x in 25 years
Fort Steurgart remains protected• Most residences will now be “outside
the dikes”, on raised mounds• Flood levels no higher than 1 meter in
residences• New park / recreation / tourism
opportunities • Remains accessible to all users• Surprise! Reduce flood risk at
Dordrecht (90 cm)
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The Room for the River Planning Toolkit• Large amounts of river data collected and put inside the “black box”
• Field of play: hundreds of kilometers of river reaches
• Data was smoothed/made consistent, and toolkit model was to generate local and system-wide impacts
• 700 possible measures/actions (type and scope) identified by experts/stakeholders; each individually modelled
• A-ha! Many alternative strategies are conceivable for improving flood protection for the medium term
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Hydraulic effects: it’s like a serious game
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What makes/made the Planning Kit a useful tool?
• forms a common knowledge base• supports and facilitates learning, rivers form a system• enlarges knowledge of local, regional river management • people can check the relevance of their own ideas about flood
management• sense of empowerment: users understand process and science
• simple to use• complete overview of measures• easy to distribute among stakeholders
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Room for the River today
700 potential projects identified, 39 selected, 35 being implemented
urban, agricultural/rural, wetland restoration
2,3 billion euro budget ($3 billion)
Implementation 2009-2015: money is committed, not subject to annual appropriations cycle, this yields certainty and cost savings
Oversight team coordinates feedback / experience between projects
Info: www.ruimtevoorderivier.nl/meta-navigatie/english
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Lessons• Retain, Store, Discharge• Emergencies (national, local) yield opportunities; “strike while
the iron is hot,” acknowledge implementation takes time• Combining protection and spatial quality creates broader public
support for measures: environmental, economic, safety“And…and” not “either…or”
• Transparency and directness about goals, ackowledge trade-offs at beginning of process
• Allow local stakeholders to guide (many partners)• Offer many possible options• More time in awareness / planning yields better, quicker
implementation• Toolkit is key to create shared knowledge• Steady, reliable, dedicated project funding lowers overall costs
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Contact @ Royal Netherlands Embassy
Ambassador Renee Jones-Bos
202 274 2501
Dale Morris
202 274 2618
Thanks to:
Deltares, Rijkswaterstaat, Robbert de Koning, Jos Dijkman, Twynstra-Gudde, Netherlands Association of Waterboards, Province of North Brabant