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Skretting Fish Feed – Fish Nutrition
Hans Vink: Manager Skretting Africa
Yaounde, March 2015
Outline
• Introduction Nutreco/Skretting
• Importance of R&D
• What makes a good feed
• Fish Nutrition
• Presentation of Skretting products
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3,400 employees 1.8 million tons of feedProduction in 16
countries
Sales in more than 40countries
Feed to more than 60species
1 global R&D centreand 4 trial units
Skretting – a global aquafeed company
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Part of Nutreco
Feed for more than 60 species
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Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre
• Established in 1989
• 1 R&D centre and 4 trial units(Norway, China, Japan, Vietnam & Italy)
• 100 employees representing 20different nationalities and 60PhD’s
• Collaboration with over 40research institutions anduniversities worldwide
• Specialists in:• fish and shrimp nutrition• fish and shrimp health• feed technology• research methodologies
• Annual R & D investment in fishfeed: 12 M. €
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Research areas
Nutrition
• Raw materials
• Nutritionalrequirements
• Digestibility
• Formulation
• Special applications
Nutrition
• Raw materials
• Nutritionalrequirements
• Digestibility
• Formulation
• Special applications
Health
• Prevention andcontrol
• Health promotingdiets
• Formulations forspecific situations
Health
• Prevention andcontrol
• Health promotingdiets
• Formulations forspecific situations
Feed production
• Process development& plant optimization
• Feed physical quality
• Raw materialfunctionality
• NIR spectroscopy
Feed production
• Process development& plant optimization
• Feed physical quality
• Raw materialfunctionality
• NIR spectroscopy
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What do fish need to grow ?
GOODEnvironmental
Conditions
GOOD HealthManagement
GOOD Feed
GOOD FeedingManagement
GOODRESULT !!!
• Fulfils the nutritionalrequirements of thespecies
• Protein / Lipid level,• Digestbility• Correct Vit. & Min.
level• FCR
What makes a good feed?
Nutritional quality
Control of contaminants
• Pellet size• Uniformity• Floating/sinking• Dust• Water stability• Molding
Physical qualityBacteriological profile
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What Must a fish Feed Provide ?
• Protein
• Fat (lipids)
• Carbohydrates
• Vitamins
• MineralsFat
Carbohydrate
Protein
Protein isbuilt of amino acids.
Feedpellet exist of 3 different mainnutrients
ENERGY !
Small fish require more digestible protein than big fish
DP need
Fish Size
Fish nutrition researchrequires large resources tooptimize feed composition.
Who can measure digestibleprotein requirements for:
• Different fish species• Different body size• Different temperatures• Different salinity
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How to improve FCR nutritionally?
Dietary DE
FCR
• Energy can comefrom protein, lipidand starch
• Lipid is good energyfor catfish andsalmon
• More lipid (energy)will improve FCR
FCR = Kg feed / kg growth
Water Quality Parameters
Parameter Unit Value or range
Temperature C 24-30
Oxygen mg/L 4-6
pH 6-8
CO2 mg/L < 20
Total suspended solids mg/L < 20
Total ammonia - N mg/L < 3
NH3 – N mg/L < 0.06
Nitrite - N mg/L < 1
Nitrate-N mg/L < 100
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Most from: Timmons & Ebeling (2007)
Tilapia cannot grow below 20 C and survive below 12 C.Tilapia are euryhaline.
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Oxygen requirement for maximising feed intake
Aquaculture ResearchVolume 43, Issue 5, pages 730-744, 3 MAY 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02882.xhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02882.x/full#f2
‘Large tilapia aremore sensitive to lowDO levels than smallTilapia’
Intestinal tract of Tilapia
• Stomach with low pH
• Gut length/body length > 6
• High digestive capacity
• High tolerance fibers
• Microbial fermentation
• Intestinal synthesis ofvitamins
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Tilapia & catfish starter Skretting Africa
Composition
Tilapia Fish Starter (Catfish)
0.3, 0.5 G, 0.7 & 1.0 GR 1.7 MP 0.25, 0.5, 0.7 GR & 1.0 MP 1.0 MP 1.8
Crude Protein (%) 48.0 40.0 57.0 57.0 55.0
Crude fat (%) 8.0 8.0 15.0 15.0 15.0
Starch (%) 15.0 22.0 10.5 10.0 12.0
Crude Fiber (%) 2.0 2.0 0.5 0.3 0.4
Ash (%) 9.0 7.0 9.0 10.0 10.0
Phosphorus (%) 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4
Copper (%) 7.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
DE (MJ/Kg) 13.7 13.7 19.2 19.2 19.0
Tilapia Grower Skretting Africa
Composition TI-2, 3 & 4.5 mm
Crude Protein (%) 35
Crude fat (%) 8
Starch (%) 22
Crude Fiber (%) 3.5
Ash (%) 5.4
Phosphorus (%) 0.9
Copper (%) 5
DE (MJ/Kg) 13.7
Feeding Advice: adapt feed amount to eating behaviors; maintain oxygen levels > 5 mg/l at outlet
Pellet (mm) Fish Weight (g) Daily feed intake at 24 - 30 C. (% of body weight)
2 25 - 60 4.1 - 4.4
3 60 - 100 3.9 - 4.2
100 - 200 3.5 - 3.8
4.5 200 - 300 2.7 - 3.0
300 - 400 2.1 - 2.4
400 - 500 1.9 - 2.1
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Catfish Grower Skretting Africa
Composition ME-2, 3, 4.5 & 6 mm
Crude Protein (%) 45
Crude fat (%) 14
Starch (%) 24
Crude Fiber (%) 2.5
Ash (%) 6.5
Phosphorus (%) 1
Copper (%) 5
DE (MJ/Kg) 16,5
Feeding Advice: adapt feed amount to eating behaviours; maintain oxygen levels > 5 mg/l atoutlet
Pellet (mm) Fish Weight (g) Daily feed intake at 24 - 30 C. (% of body weight)
2 15 - 40 5.0
3 40 - 150 3.5
4.5 120 - 300 3.0
300 - 600 2.0
600 - 900 1.5
6 900 - 1500 1.2
Skretting Distributor in Cameroun
• SOCAVB SARL
• Mr. François Djonou
• E-mail: [email protected]
• Tél.: +(237) 633 392544
• Direction: Face Château d’eau Bonabéri
B.P.:2102 Douala – Cameroun
Thank You !