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Skretting Fish Feed – Fish Nutrition

Hans Vink: Manager Skretting Africa

Yaounde, March 2015

Outline

• Introduction Nutreco/Skretting

• Importance of R&D

• What makes a good feed

• Fish Nutrition

• Presentation of Skretting products

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3,400 employees 1.8 million tons of feedProduction in 16

countries

Sales in more than 40countries

Feed to more than 60species

1 global R&D centreand 4 trial units

Skretting – a global aquafeed company

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Part of Nutreco

Feed for more than 60 species

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Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre

• Established in 1989

• 1 R&D centre and 4 trial units(Norway, China, Japan, Vietnam & Italy)

• 100 employees representing 20different nationalities and 60PhD’s

• Collaboration with over 40research institutions anduniversities worldwide

• Specialists in:• fish and shrimp nutrition• fish and shrimp health• feed technology• research methodologies

• Annual R & D investment in fishfeed: 12 M. €

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Research areas

Nutrition

• Raw materials

• Nutritionalrequirements

• Digestibility

• Formulation

• Special applications

Nutrition

• Raw materials

• Nutritionalrequirements

• Digestibility

• Formulation

• Special applications

Health

• Prevention andcontrol

• Health promotingdiets

• Formulations forspecific situations

Health

• Prevention andcontrol

• Health promotingdiets

• Formulations forspecific situations

Feed production

• Process development& plant optimization

• Feed physical quality

• Raw materialfunctionality

• NIR spectroscopy

Feed production

• Process development& plant optimization

• Feed physical quality

• Raw materialfunctionality

• NIR spectroscopy

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What do fish need to grow ?

GOODEnvironmental

Conditions

GOOD HealthManagement

GOOD Feed

GOOD FeedingManagement

GOODRESULT !!!

• Fulfils the nutritionalrequirements of thespecies

• Protein / Lipid level,• Digestbility• Correct Vit. & Min.

level• FCR

What makes a good feed?

Nutritional quality

Control of contaminants

• Pellet size• Uniformity• Floating/sinking• Dust• Water stability• Molding

Physical qualityBacteriological profile

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What Must a fish Feed Provide ?

• Protein

• Fat (lipids)

• Carbohydrates

• Vitamins

• MineralsFat

Carbohydrate

Protein

Protein isbuilt of amino acids.

Feedpellet exist of 3 different mainnutrients

ENERGY !

Small fish require more digestible protein than big fish

DP need

Fish Size

Fish nutrition researchrequires large resources tooptimize feed composition.

Who can measure digestibleprotein requirements for:

• Different fish species• Different body size• Different temperatures• Different salinity

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How to improve FCR nutritionally?

Dietary DE

FCR

• Energy can comefrom protein, lipidand starch

• Lipid is good energyfor catfish andsalmon

• More lipid (energy)will improve FCR

FCR = Kg feed / kg growth

Water Quality Parameters

Parameter Unit Value or range

Temperature C 24-30

Oxygen mg/L 4-6

pH 6-8

CO2 mg/L < 20

Total suspended solids mg/L < 20

Total ammonia - N mg/L < 3

NH3 – N mg/L < 0.06

Nitrite - N mg/L < 1

Nitrate-N mg/L < 100

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Most from: Timmons & Ebeling (2007)

Tilapia cannot grow below 20 C and survive below 12 C.Tilapia are euryhaline.

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Oxygen requirement for maximising feed intake

Aquaculture ResearchVolume 43, Issue 5, pages 730-744, 3 MAY 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02882.xhttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.02882.x/full#f2

‘Large tilapia aremore sensitive to lowDO levels than smallTilapia’

Intestinal tract of Tilapia

• Stomach with low pH

• Gut length/body length > 6

• High digestive capacity

• High tolerance fibers

• Microbial fermentation

• Intestinal synthesis ofvitamins

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Tilapia & catfish starter Skretting Africa

Composition

Tilapia Fish Starter (Catfish)

0.3, 0.5 G, 0.7 & 1.0 GR 1.7 MP 0.25, 0.5, 0.7 GR & 1.0 MP 1.0 MP 1.8

Crude Protein (%) 48.0 40.0 57.0 57.0 55.0

Crude fat (%) 8.0 8.0 15.0 15.0 15.0

Starch (%) 15.0 22.0 10.5 10.0 12.0

Crude Fiber (%) 2.0 2.0 0.5 0.3 0.4

Ash (%) 9.0 7.0 9.0 10.0 10.0

Phosphorus (%) 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4

Copper (%) 7.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

DE (MJ/Kg) 13.7 13.7 19.2 19.2 19.0

Tilapia Grower Skretting Africa

Composition TI-2, 3 & 4.5 mm

Crude Protein (%) 35

Crude fat (%) 8

Starch (%) 22

Crude Fiber (%) 3.5

Ash (%) 5.4

Phosphorus (%) 0.9

Copper (%) 5

DE (MJ/Kg) 13.7

Feeding Advice: adapt feed amount to eating behaviors; maintain oxygen levels > 5 mg/l at outlet

Pellet (mm) Fish Weight (g) Daily feed intake at 24 - 30 C. (% of body weight)

2 25 - 60 4.1 - 4.4

3 60 - 100 3.9 - 4.2

100 - 200 3.5 - 3.8

4.5 200 - 300 2.7 - 3.0

300 - 400 2.1 - 2.4

400 - 500 1.9 - 2.1

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Catfish Grower Skretting Africa

Composition ME-2, 3, 4.5 & 6 mm

Crude Protein (%) 45

Crude fat (%) 14

Starch (%) 24

Crude Fiber (%) 2.5

Ash (%) 6.5

Phosphorus (%) 1

Copper (%) 5

DE (MJ/Kg) 16,5

Feeding Advice: adapt feed amount to eating behaviours; maintain oxygen levels > 5 mg/l atoutlet

Pellet (mm) Fish Weight (g) Daily feed intake at 24 - 30 C. (% of body weight)

2 15 - 40 5.0

3 40 - 150 3.5

4.5 120 - 300 3.0

300 - 600 2.0

600 - 900 1.5

6 900 - 1500 1.2

Skretting Distributor in Cameroun

• SOCAVB SARL

• Mr. François Djonou

• E-mail: Socavb1@yahoo.fr

• Tél.: +(237) 633 392544

• Direction: Face Château d’eau Bonabéri

B.P.:2102 Douala – Cameroun

Thank You !