Lesson 2
Slide 2.1
Special Skin Cells Make Melanin
body
epidermis
How is melanin made inside the melanocytes?
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epidermis
melanocytes
tissue
cells
Lesson 2
Slide 2.2
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Skin Colors Cross Section of Skin Tissue
Melanocyte
Melanin
Lesson 2
Slide 2.3
Looking inside a melanosome
Oxygen
DOPA
Tyrosine
First step in making melanin:Reaction between two molecules, one tyrosine and one O2 to make DOPA
O O
O
Lesson 2
Slide 2.4
Tyrosinase(enzyme)
Skin cell
•
nuc Oxygen
Tyrosine
O O
Lesson 2
Slide 2.5
Tyrosinase(enzyme)
Skin cell
•
nucDOPA
O
Other enzymes turn help turn DOPA into melanin.
Lesson 2
Slide 2.6
Lactose intolerance
• Cannot break down lactose, a disaccharide found in dairy products
• Instead, bacteria in the intestine break down the lactose, producing gas
• Most children can break down lactose• Most adults in the world cannot break down
lactose - making them lactose intolerant
Lesson 2
Slide 2.7
Cells in Small Intestine Break Down Lactose
intestine cells
How is lactose broken down in intestine cells?
small intestine
Lactose from diet
Lactose brought
into intestine
cells
Lactose broken down
Lesson 2
Slide 2.8
Looking inside small intestine cells
Small intestine cells
lactose
galactose glucose
Lesson 2
Slide 2.9
Looking inside small intestine cells
Small intestine cells
lactoselactase
Lesson 2
Slide 2.10
Looking inside small intestine cells
Small intestine cells
galactose
glucoselactase
Lesson 2
Slide 2.11
Lactase
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Lesson 2
Slide 2.12
Protein Structure
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amino acidChain of
amino acids
Whole protein
Lesson 2
Slide 2.13
Protein Models
Cartoon model Space-filling model Toober model
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Lesson 2
Slide 2.14
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Modeling Lactase
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Lesson 2
Slide 2.15
Key to Toobers Blue=positive charge (+)
K, R, HRed=negative charge (-)
D, EYellow=hydrophobic
A, V, L, I, P, M, F, WGreen=hydrophilic
G, S, T, N, Q, YWhite = cysteine
C