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Shlomo Magdassi
Small Particles, Big Scientific and
Industrial Challenges
מימדקפה והדפסות תלת , ננוחומרים
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Nanomaterials: Materials may change their
properties at the Nano-size
Silver/gold nanoparticles
m.p. decreases with
size
1 nanometer = 1 millionth of a millimeter
A hair fiber : about 50,000 nm
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Functional Printing and Coatings
with Nanoparticles
Displays
Emi
Transistors
Electronics
Coatings
Conductive inks
Substrates
Materials &Substrates
Solar harvesting
Fuel cell
Printed batteries
Energy
Disposable sensor
Anti-microbial
Tissue regen film
Bio - Tech
Smart packaging
Disposable sensors
Wink and decal
E-Packaging
Solar cells, thermo-solar plants, smart windows, touch-screens,
antennas, medical implants and pills ,sensors, soft robots….
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Dispersing nanoparticles within liquids
Paints and Inks
Goal :to deliver functionality beyond color
Example:
Mixing black ceramic nanoparticles in liquid:
Heat resistant black coatings
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Application: Thermo-Solar coating for energy
harvesting
With Prof. Mandler
Need: High T resistant Nano-absorbers
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Solar paint licensed to Brightsource Energy
Spray coating large metal substrates
Power Production: 377 MW
The largest solar thermal power plant in the world,
140,000 homes served annually in California
Paint formulations are made by
same methods for making
cosmetic products
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Patterning requires printing
Inkjet printing of nanoparticles
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Ink-Jet Inks for glass based on
ceramic nanoparticles
GlassJet
Initial goal:
protecting the glue for
car-window from sunlight
Pigment = ceramic nanoparticles
Binder = glass nanoparticles
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by DipTech
Printing glass and ceramic nanoparticles
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Touch screens
Sensors
Light-emitting diodes
PCBs
E paper
Printed Electronics
Every device needs an electrical conductor
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Our main objective :conductive inks
Developing materials and technologies
needed to form the electric wiring
Nanomaterials synthesis, ink formulations,
printing and sintering
Inks composed of metal nanoparticles, CNTs
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Major Challenges: Achieving high Ag concentration without aggregation
High conductivity
Conductive Silver Inks
100 nm
Size and morphology control
One pot synthesis
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Printed Ag NP: No Conductivity at low temp
Metal particles are separated by an insulating organic layer
A major challenge : sintering
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Conductivity is obtained only after heating to high temperatures
230 ° C: Nano effect
T
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Printing electrical conductors on
solar cells, by silver nanoparticles
Printing front electrodes
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Printed plastic electronics ?
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a cb
Discovery: Silver nanoparticles can merge at
room temperature , if particles are in close contact
Nature Communications 2014
Metal particles behave as a water droplet !
Silver NP
on Gold NP
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Can we induce close packing of
nanoparticles, which would enable
coalescence within printed lines at
low T ?
Important for plastic electronics
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Surface tension driven flow:
Pepper on water
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Coffee spills : a rim is formed,
composed of coffee particles
Deegan , Nature
“coffee ring effect”
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Making Conductive rings by “coffee ring effect”
We took silver NP instead of coffee
Each ring is conductive
Sintering at room temperature !
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Making contacts :
Inkjet printing of invisible lines
made of silver rings
C-AFM
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2D arrays of silver ringsTransparent Conductive Films
~ 3 um rim width
Each ring is conductive
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Why do we need transparent and
conductive patterns ?
Touch screens
Displays
Light-emitting diodes
Solar cells
Smart windows
Smartphones
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Connected rings as
ITO replacement for smartphones
Flexible, direct patterning, no etching
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Printing IPod touch screen
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Smart windows:
changing color/blocking light / IR
Nanoscale 2014
with P.S. Lee, NTU
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0.94
0.56
1.00
Conductivity
relative to silver
0.007
0.002
Copper
Aluminum
1.00Silver
Cost
Prices: May 2014
Ag 620 $/Kg
Cu 7 $/Kg
Al 1.9 $/Kg
Other metals ?
Cost
relative to silver
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Air
Cu inks: the oxidation challenge
Cu Cu2O & CuO
Copper NPs are unstable in air
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Stable copper inks
Chemical Communications, 2015
Advanced Materials and interfaces, 2014
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Next Challenge : 3D printed devices ?
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What is 3D Printing?
Additive Manufacturing
Layer by Layer Printing
Y
X
Y
X
Z
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Main advantages of 3D Printing
1. Bottom-up manufacturing (saving material)
2. Fabrication of complex structures
3. Additive process
Complex structures by 3D printing
(bottom-up)
Wooden bowl fabrication
(top-down)
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Main Methods for 3D printing
Selective curing of photo-
sensitive monomer by UV
Selective sintering or binding
of particles in powder
Selective deposition of
melted plastic filaments
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Engineering/prototyping
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• Models for surgeons
• Tailored hearing-aids
• Customized implants and prosthetics
• Dentures
• Smart pills
Biomedical applications
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DLP Printers
FDM Printers
Printing on 3D Structures Polyjet Multi Material
Powder Binding
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Active Research Fields
Computer Science Biology
ChemistryBiomedical
Agriculture Physics
Engineering
Pharma
College of Eng.
Art (Bezalel)
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3D printing of functional objects
with Prof. Banin
Dispersing QD within the monomers
to yield fluorescent objects
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3D electrodes:
Silver NPs within porous structures
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Printing in water :
hydrogels for artificial organs
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Advanced Materials 2015
with Prof. Cohn
4D printing : moving objects with
time / T / H2O…
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BioMedical applications
4D Printing: Moving Objects with Time/Temp
Soft robotics applications
Advanced Materials 2015
with Prof. Cohn
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Moving jewelryby Shira Eliazar, Bezalel Academy of Art and Design
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Coffee break
Printing coffee ink on coffee,
http://www.coffeeripples.com/
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EU: FP6 - SelectNano, FP7 - Lotus, CoWet
Singapore NRF - CREATE
Israel Ministry of Science
Israel Ministry of Economy
HUJI: Yissum