Download - Special Treatment For Buildings
Building Construction Special Treatment for
Buildings
Prepared By: Guided By:Shuaib Kohee (151100106079) Wahedullah Ehsas (151100106080)Ehsanullah Aydin (151100106078)
Prof. Nafisha Shaikh
ContentIntroduction Fire Protection Water Resistant Construction Thermal Insulation Acoustical Construction Anti Termite Treatment
Introduction Normally the structural engineer design the
building to carry various loads acting on it safely without failure the various components of building including foundation is taken extreme care while designing in construction stages.
However for safety and comfort of the occupants, a building must be given some additional treatments, these treatments are called special treatments.
Fire Protection - General The following facts in connection with fire protection
in building should be remembered: It’s too expensive to make all the building fully
protected against fire. It doesn’t necessarily follow that a none combustible
material possesses more power to resist fire. The main purpose of making a building fire resistant
is to protect life, goods, and activities within the building
The degree of fire resistance required will largely depend on the use of building
In case of fire hazard, the danger is from fire, smoke and panic.
The means of scape from fire should be located in such away that they remain unobstructed by smoke or fumes
Causes Of Fire Smoking is unauthorized places Electrical faulty of wiring and short circuitingHeating and cooking equipmentsPlaying with matches Open flame and sparks Flammable liquids Chimneys LightingSpontaneous combustion
Effects Of Fire Carbon Monoxide(CO)Carbon Dioxide (CO2)Hydrogen Sulphide(H2S)Nitrogen Sulphide (NS)
Fire Hazard The nature of damages and dangers
caused by fire can be broadly divided into three types:
1. Personal Hazard 2. Damage Hazard 3. Exposure Hazard
Personal HazardIt is the hazard to the occupants of
the building. This danger can be taken care of by providing adequate means of escape for the occupants, so that they can reach the place of safety in the shortest possible time in the event of the fire.
Damage HazardThe hazard to the structure and its contents
and components is called damage hazard
Exposure HazardThe hazard due to the spread of fire to other
buildings is called exposure hazards.
Water Resistant Construction (Damp Proofing) Causes of dampness:1. Rising of moisture from the ground 2. Action of rain 3. Rain penetration from top of walls 4. Condensation5. Miscellaneous causes
Materials Used For Damp Proofing 1. Hot Bitumen 2. Mastic Asphalt 3. Bituminous felts 4. Metal Sheets 5. Stone6. Breaks7. Mortar8. Cement Concrete 9. Plastic Sheets
Thermal Insulation The term thermal insulation is used to
indicate the construction or provisions by way of which transmission of heat from or in the room is retarded.
Advantages Of Thermal Insolation 1.Comfort 2.Fuel Saving 3.Preventation of
condensation 4.Water system
Thermal Insulating Materials 1. Slab or block insulation 2. Blanket insulation 3. Loose fill insulation 4. Bat insulating materials 5. Insulating boards 6. Refective sheet materials 7. Light weight materials
Acoustical Construction The knowledge of acoustics is necessary for
the proper functional design:1. Theatres 2. Cinema halls 3. Auditoriums 4. Conference halls 5. Hospitals, etc
Characteristics Of Audible SoundsIntensity and loudnessFrequency and pitch Quality or tone
Requirements of a good acoustic materialIt should have high coefficient of absorption. It should be relatively cheap and available.It should give pleasing apperance.It should be efficient.It should be fire resistant.It should be self supporting.It should have sufficient structural strength.It should be heat insulating material.It should not be liable to attack by insects.It should be durable.
Anti-Termite Treatment The term termite
proofing is used to indicate the treatment which is given to a building so as to prevent the growth of termite in a building.
Anti Termite can be divided into two categories:
A)Pre construction treatment 1. Site preparation 2. Soil treatment 3. Structural barriers B)Post construction treatment
References :Building Construction (Dr. R.P. Rethaliya)www.Wikipedia.com
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