Matter
• All matter is made up of atoms
• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
• An atom is the smallest particle of an element.
• “Atomos” = Latin word for “cannot be divided”
What is the difference between mass and weight?
• Mass – the amount of material or matter that makes up an object
• Weight – the measure of the pull of gravity on an object
Matter
Mixture: 2 or more substances are mixed together but each substance retains its own properties. Each substance can be separated.
Example: Salads; trail mix
Matter
• Solution: A mixture in which a substance is dissolved in another liquid and the substances are evenly distributed.
• Water + Sugar
Matter
• Solvent: The liquid of a solution
• Solute: The substance being dissolved in the liquid.
• Water + Sugar
Matter
• Combustibility – the ability to burn
• Reactivity – the ability of a substance to react chemically
• Solubility – the ability of a substance to dissolve
Atoms
• All atoms are made of three particles:
• Protons – positive charge +
• Electrons – negative charge -
• Neutrons – no charge - neutral
Atoms
• The nucleus contains neutrons and protons
• The electrons orbit the nucleus
• Compounds form when atoms combine with each other.
• The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus.