Hard Carbon Derived from Corn Straw Piths as
Anode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries
Yuan-En Zhu· Haichen Gu· Yanan Chen· Donghui Yang· Jinping Wei*· Zhen Zhou*
Figure S1. The pore distribution of three samples.
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Figure S2. C 1s spectra (a) of as-prepared samples and the corresponding fine spectra of HC1200 (b), HC1400 (c) HC1600 (d).
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Figure S3. Discharge profiles of (a) HC1200, (b) HC1400, and (C) HC1600 at different current densities.
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Table S1. Physical parameters for HC1200, HC1400 and HC1600.
Sample Temp. (°C) d002(Å) SBET(m2 g-1) ID/IG
HC1200 1200 4.04 24 0.87
HC1400 1400 3.93 25 0.94
HC1600 1600 3.74 10 0.96
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Table S2. XPS surface concentration (in atomic percentages) of HC1200, HC1400 and HC1600.
Material C O N P S
HC1200 87.17 11.82 0.81 0.11 0.09
HC1400 88.5 7.52 2.22 0.11 0.33
HC1600 92.31 5.69 0 0 0
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Table S3. Comparison of cyclability of hard carbon for sodium ion batteries.
Hard carbon Cyclability (mA h g-1) Ref.
HC1400 274 after 100 cycles (0.05 A h g-1)
206 after 700 cycles (0.2 A h g-1)
This work
P-CNFs 266 after 100 cycles (0.05 A h g-1)
140 after 1000 cycles (0.5 A h g-1)
[1]
BPPG-1100-A 298 after 300 cycles (0.1 A h g-1)
210 after 600 cycles (0.5 A h g-1)
[2]
CNFs 176 after 600 cycles (0.2 A h g-1) [3]
HCNP-1150 207 after 500 cycles (0.05 A h g-1) [4]
HCNEs 203 after 400 cycles (0.05 A h g-1) [5]
CMS 270 after 250 cycles (0.1 A h g-1) [6]
CPM-1100-A 255 after 200 cycles (0.1 A h g-1) [7]
HCT1300 305 after 100 cycles (0.03 A h g-1) [8]
HCS1600 290 after 100 cycles (0.03 A h g-1) [9]
PPAC371400 265 after 100 cycles (0.03 A h g-1) [10]
AC111400 226 after 150 cycles (0.03 A h g-1) [11]
TC1600 203 after 100 cycles (0.02 A g-1) [12]
PSOC-A 75 after 10000 cycles (3.2 A h g-1) [13]
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