INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGS. 1 to 22—Mechanical Properties of Various Phosphor Bronze Alloy StripsFIGS. 23 to 44—S-N Diagram of Various Phosphor Bronze Alloy StripsFIGS. 45 to 54—Summary of S-N Diagrams, Minimum CurvesFIGS. 55 to 70—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on Various Mechanical Prop-
ertiesFIGS. 71 to 82—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on Mechanical Properties of
Various Tempers of Phosphor Bronze StripsFIGS. 83 to 85—-Effect of Variation in Phosphorus Content on Mechanical Prop-
erties of 3, 4, and 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze StripsFIGS. 86 to 95—Effect of Variation in Grain Size on Mechanical Properties of
Phosphor Bronze Strips
STP183-EB/Jan. 1956
Copyright© 1956 by ASTM International www.astm.org
20
FIG. 1.—Mechanical Properties of Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper Strip.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
21
FIG. 2.—Mechanical Properties of Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper Strip.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
22 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
FIG. 3.—Mechanical Properties of 0.5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mmNominal thickness—0.040 in.
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
FIG. 4.—Mechanical Properties of 0.5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
23
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
24 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
FIG. 5.—Mechanical Properties of 1 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 25
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 6.—Mechanical Properties of 1 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
26 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 7.—Mechanical Properties of 2 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 27
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 8.—Mechanical Properties of 2 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
28 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 9.—Mechanical Properties of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRON 29
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 10.—Mechanical Properties of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
30 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
10,4
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 11.—Mechanical Properties of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 31
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 12.—Mechanical Properties of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
32
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG, 13.—Mechanical Properties of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
GOHN, GTJERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 33
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 14.—Mechanical Properties of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 15.—Mechanical Properties of 8 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
34
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 35
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 16.—Mechanical Properties of 8 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
36 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 17.—Mechanical Properties of 10 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 18.—Mechanical Properties of 10 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 37
38 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 19.—Mechanical Properties of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 39
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 20.—Mechanical Properties of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
40 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 21.—Mechanical Properties of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.075 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 22.—Mechanical Properties of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 41
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 23.—Fatigue Characteristics of Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper Strip.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FoilureFIG. 24.—Fatigue Characteristics of Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper Strip.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mmNominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FailureFIG. 25.—Fatigue Characteristics of 0.5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-fmish gram gize—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 26.—Fatigue Characteristics of 0.5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mmNominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 27.—Fatigue Characteristics of 1 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal Phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mmNominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 28.—Fatigue Characteristics of 1 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mmNominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 29.—Fatigue Characteristics of 2 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mmNominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FoilureFIG. 30.—Fatigue Characteristics of 2 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FoilureFIG. 31.—Fatigue Characteristics of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 32.—Fatigue Characteristics of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 33.—Fatigue Characteristics of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FallureFIG. 34.—Fatigue Characteristics of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Foilure
FIG. 35.—Fatigue Characteristics of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cyc les—to —Failure
FIG. 36.—Fatigue Characteristics of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FailureFIG. 37.—Fatigue Characteristics of 8 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FailureFIG. 38.—Fatigue Characteristics of 8 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 39.—Fatigue Characteristic of 10 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to—FailureFIG. 40.—Fatigue Characteristics of 10 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FoilureFIG. 41.—Fatigue Characteristics of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-FailureFIG. 42.—Fatigue Characteristics of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Fai lure
FIG. 43.—Fatigue Characteristics of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.075 mm
Nominal thickness—0'040 in.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
FIG. 44.—Fatigue Characteristics of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
64 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Number of Cycles-ro-Foilure(a)
FIG. 45.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper Strip.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
(a) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(b)
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 65
Number of Cycles-to—Failure(a)
FIG. 46.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 0.5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal thickness—0.040 in.
(a) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Number of Cycles-to-Foilure
(b)
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
(a)
FIG. 47.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 1 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.(a) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND pREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE66
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(b)
Number of Cycles-to-Foilure
(a)
FIG. 48.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 2 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.(a) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0-035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 67
Number of Cycles-to-Foilure
(b)
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(b)
FIG. 49.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
(a) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm, Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.(5) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm, Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent,(c) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm, Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per cent.
68
Number of Cycles -•to- Failure(a)
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(C)
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 69
Number of Cycles-to-Foilure(a)
FIG. 50.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.(a) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
(b)
70 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
FIG. 51.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per cent.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.(a) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.075 mm.
Number of Cycles-to-Foilure
(a)
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
(b)
GOHN, GtJERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 71
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(a) .
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(b)
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(C)
FIG. 52.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
(a) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm, Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.(b) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm, Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.(c) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm, Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per cent.
72 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(a)
Number of Cycles-to-Failure
(b)FIG. 53.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 8 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
(a) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Number of Cycles-to-Failure(a)
Number of Cycles-to-Foilure(b)
FIG. 54.—Comparison of Fatigue Characteristics of 10 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.(a) Nominal ready-to-fiinsh grain size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-fiinsh gram szie—0.015 mm.
73
74 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 55.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Tensile Strength of Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 75
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 56.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Tensile Strength of Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
76 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 57.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Proportional Limit of Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 77
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 58.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Proportional Limit of Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
78 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 59.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Yield Strength at 0.01 per cent Offset ofPhosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 79
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 60.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Yield Strength at 0.01 per cent Offset ofPhosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
80 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 61.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Yield Strength at 0.2 per cent Offset ofPhosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—-0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness 0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 81
Reduction bv Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 62.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Yield Strength at 0.2 per cent Offset ofPhosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
82 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling,Per CentFIG. 63.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Ductility of Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 83
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 64.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Ductility of Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
84 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 65.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Rockwell "B" Hardness of Phosphor BronzeStrip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 85
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 66.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Rockwell "B" Hardness of Phosphor BronzeStrip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
86 GOHN, GUERAKD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FiG. 67.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Rockwell "30T" Hardness of PhosphorBronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 87
Reduction by Cold-Rolling,Per Cent
FIG. 68.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Rockwell "30T" Hardness of PhosphorBronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE88
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
(b)FIG. 69.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Modulus of Elasticity of Phosphor Bronze
Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.(a) Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm.(b) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 89
Reduction by Cold-Rolling,Per Cent
(b)FIG. 70.—Effect of Variation in Tin Content on the Bending Fatigue Properties of Phosphor
Bronze Strip at 10s Cycles of Reversed Stress.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.(a) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.(6) Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
90
Tin, Per Cent
FIG. 71.—Mechanical Properties of Annealed Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 91
Tin, Per CentFIG. 72.—Mechanical Properties of Annealed Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
92 GOHN, GTJERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Tin,Per CentFIG. 73.—Mechanical Properties of Half-Hard Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 93
Tin, Per CentFIG. 74.—Mechanical Properties of Half-Hard Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
94 GOHN, GTTERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Tin, Per Cent
FIG. 75.—Mechanical Properties of Hard Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.035 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 95
Tin, Per Cent
FIG. 76.—Mechanical Properties of Hard Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
96 GOHN, GTJERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Tin, Per Cent
FIG. 77.—Mechanical Properties of Extra-Hard Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
97
Tin, Per CentFIG. 78.—Mechanical Properties of Extra-Hard Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish gram size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in'.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
98 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Tin, Per CentFIG. 79.—Mechanical Properties of Spring Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Tin. Per CentFIG. 80.—Mechanical Properties of Spring Phosphor Bronze Strip.
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
99
100 GOHN. GUERARD. AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Tin, Per Cent
FIG. 81.—Mechanical Properties of Extra-Spring Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
GOHN, GTJERARD, AND FBEYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Tin, Per Ctrrt
FIG. 82.—Mechanical Properties of Extra-Spring Phosphor Bronze Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.015 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
101
Reduction by Cold-Rolling,Per Cent
FIG. 83.—Effect of Phosphorus Content on the Mechanical Properties of 3 per cent Tin PhosphorBronze Strip.
GOHN, GUERARD, AND PREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE102
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal phosphorus content [0.05 per cent,[0.40 per cent,
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 103
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 84.—Effect of Phosphorus Content on the Mechanical Properties of 4 per cent Tin PhosphorBronze Strip.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal phosphorus content 0.40 per cent.00.06 per cent
104 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 85.—Effect of Phosphorus Content on the Mechanical Properties of 5 per cent Tin PhosphorBronze Strip.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.035 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal phosphorus content (0.05 per cent,0.40 per cent,
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 105
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 86.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of Electrolytic Tough Pitch CopperStrip.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size—0.030 mm.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
0.015 mm,
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 87.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 0.5 per cent Tin Phosphor BronzeStrip.
106 GOHN. GTJERARD. AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per centNominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 0.035 mm,0.015 mm,
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 107
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 88.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 1 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze
Strip.Nominal phosphorous content—0.05 per cent.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 0.035 mm,0.015 mm,
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 89.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 2 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze
Strip.
108 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Nominal phosphorous content—0.05 per cent.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 10.035 mm,[0.015 mm,
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZ
Reduction by Cold-Rolling,Per Cent
FIG. 90.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 3 per cent Tin Phosphor BronzeStrip.
Nominal phosphorous content—0.05 per cent.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 10.035 mm,L0.015 mm,
109
110 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 91.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor BronzeStrip.
Nominal phosphorous content—0.05 per cent.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 0.035 mm,0.015 mm,
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNJK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 111
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per Cent
FIG. 92.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 5 per cent Tin Phosphor BronzeStrip.
Nominal phosphorous content—0.05 per cent.Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 0.036 mm,0.015 mm,
112 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 93.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 8 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze
Strip.Nominal phosphorous content—0.05 per cent.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 10.035 mm,
10.015 mm,
GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE 113
Reduction by Cold-Rolling, Per CentFIG. 94.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 10 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze
Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.05 per cent.
Nominal thickness—0.040 in.
Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 10.035 mm,10.010 mm,
114 GOHN, GUERARD, AND FREYNIK ON PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Reduction by Cold-Rolling,Per CentFIG. 95.—Effect of Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties of 4 per cent Tin Phosphor Bronze
Strip.Nominal phosphorus content—0.40 per cent.
Nominal thickness, 0.040 in.Nominal ready-to-finish grain size 0.035 mm,
0.075 mm,