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Suleiman: The Golden Age of the Ottoman
Empire
1520-1566
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What are the characteristics of a
leader that is considered
“magnificent?
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Military Conquests
Conquered Budapest (1526), burned the city, and withdrew his troops
Took over control of N. Africa 1543 took over control of Hungary Expanded east into Persia and south into
Mesopotamia Europeans considered him important to balance
of power – allied with Charles V of France
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Suleiman, the Lawgiver
Awarded based on merit Updated and simplified the legal code Crime punishments more focused on fines
than physical punishment Regulation of market and trade
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Education
All through the ulema Ulema exempt from taxes – created education
aristocracy Free education to all Muslim boys
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Art & Architecture Greatly patronized the arts Istanbul becomes center of
Islamic civilization Series of building projects –
mosques, palaces
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Movie: Suleiman, Leader of the Ottoman Empire
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Choosing his successor
Woman convinced him to choose her son, Selim
Selim takes over – kills everyone else
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The Ottoman Empire Declines….
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Why did it decline after Suleiman?
Islamic historians say… Corruption in the government Decreased interest of the government in
popular opinion Began with Selim II, Suleiman’s son
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Selim II Didn’t really care about affairs
of government – gave a lot of power to his vizier
“Selim the Drunkard” Never had the training from
Suleiman Relied heavily on Great Vizier –
sets a model Only rules for 8 years
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Problems only continue…
Power struggles Rise no longer based on merit Strong European military powers beat back
Ottomans Rapid population increase Creation of new trade routes that bypassed Istanbul Failure to Industrialize
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Then you had little thing called World War
I...
Ottoman Empire defeated Turkey officially a country on November 1, 1922