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THE POWER OF LANGUAGE
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HOW DID HUMANS LEARN TO SPEAK? Our ancestors evolved
over millions of yearsAs early humans evolved,
the brain grew in size and complexity
Anatomical evolution allowed the larynx (voice box), the hyoid bone, and the jaw muscles to produce articulate speech
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SPOKEN LANGUAGEPart of the brain that controls speech
production is called Broca’s areaThis part of the brain is more developed in
humans than in other primatesLanguage makes possible cultural memory
(generation to generation)
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DEFINITION:LANGUAGE:
a sophisticated communication system that includes vocabulary, or lexicon as well as a set of rules or grammar outlining its proper use
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SOME SOCIAL SCIENTISTS SAY THAT WE LEARN LANGUAGE
Ivan Pavlov said that “Classic Conditioning” trains us to learn language
B.F. Skinner said that positive reinforcement teaches children how to speak
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LINGUIST NOAM CHOMSKY: UNIVERSAL GRAMMARChomsky says human language uses
universal grammar Learning to speak is better described as
the unfolding of a genetic program in the brain: language is innately acquired
Our brains’ are wired for language
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DEFINITION:Universal Grammar:
Noam Chomsky’s theory that all the world’s languages share a similar underlying structure
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BODY LANGUAGENon-verbal communication can be as
revealing as speech or written languageFacial expressions and gestures convey
powerful messages(Emoticons are an attempt to include
body language in e-texts)
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WHAT MIGHT THESE MEAN?
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WHAT MIGHT THESE MEAN?
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DEFINITION:BODY LANGUAGE:
the means of communicating information and attitudes in a non-verbal manner
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HOW HUMANS COMMUNICATE
COMMUNICATIONPROCESS
LANGUAGENON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
Speech
Writing Interaction Distances
Clothing, Make-up,Etc.
Body LanguageTone and Character
of Voice
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NEW LANGUAGES AND TECHNOLOGYCurrent trend is toward faster and more
efficient forms of communicationCreate a dictionary of (appropriate)
textual abbreviations and emoticons Do you think that teachers should allow
students to use “MSN” speak or should we stop degrading our language b4 it is 2 late? Why?