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TAUGHT
LEARNED / ACQUIRED
vs
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How did we learn our first language?
Copied it speaking it hearing it all the time
hearing it repitition
DOING IT being
shown it Watching it
listening to it
songs, television, books, practicing writing
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Environment is focused on: Kinesthetic
CommunicativePositive
Immersion
**simulating How we actually ACQUIRED a language
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THE COMPREHENSION HYPOTHESIS:The centerpiece of the theory
We acquire a language when we understand messages.
TWO AMAZING FACTS about language acquisition:
Effortless: no energy, no workInvoluntary: given comprehensible input you
must acquire, you have no choice.
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Making meaning
S -> E -> M
S -> M
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Errors = Progress
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Output hypothesis Merrill Swain
What is The Output Hypothesis?
• The output hypothesis claims that the act of producing language (speaking or writing) constitutes……part of the process of second language learning.
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M
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At beginning levels
Making the environment safe and fun!!!
Allowing students to have the forum to make mistakes
Learning from their mistakes
Leading topics of discussion
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Novice
The Parrot
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Novice
Speech limited to memorized material
-Lists -Short phrases -Some memorized sentences
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Intermediate
The Survivor
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Intermediate
Can create with the languageCan ask and answer simple questions on familiar
topicsCan handle a simple situation or transaction
Complete sentences (Intermediate Mid – complex sentences)
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Advanced
The Storyteller
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Advanced
Can narrate and describe in past, present and future time/aspect
Can handle a complicated situation or transaction
Paragraph length discourse
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Superior
The Thinker
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Superior
Can support opinion, hypothesize, discuss abstract topics
Can handle a linguistically unfamiliar situation
Highly educated speaker
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Spanish I-2– NM
Spanish 3-4 – NH
Spanish 5-6 – ILSpanish 9-10 –
IM
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Success is dependent on 2 factors:
FULL PARTICIPATION
SPANISH IMMERSION
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Responsibility of learner
• BE accountable to the whole class • Be positive and helpful • Participate fully • Be prepared every day • Stay in Spanish • Be interested and passionate