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The building blocks of life.The building blocks of life.
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Cell TheoryCell TheoryCell TheoryCell Theory
All living things are composed of cellsCells are the basic unit of structure and function
of living thingsAll cells are produced from other cells
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
Cell WallCell Wall rigid layer of nonliving
materialProvide protection &
supportFound in plant, some
bacteria, some protists and some, fungi
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
Cell membraneCell membraneThe outer layer of animal
cells, found inside cell walls (if wall is present)
Controls what enters and leaves the cell
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
NucleusNucleusDirects the cells activitiesContains DNA found on
chromatin strandsMaterials pass in and out
through the nuclear membrane
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
MitochondriaMitochondriaRod-shapedCreate energy for the cell
from foodWhy is the inside of the
mitochondria folded?
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
ChloroplastChloroplastTurn the Sun’s energy into
food through photosynthesis
They do not make energy, they convert it
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
Endoplasmic Endoplasmic ReticulumReticulum (ER) (ER)
Carry proteins and other materials through the cell
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
RibosomeRibosomeFound on ER or in the
cytoplasmProduce protein for the
cell
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
Golgi BodyGolgi BodyFlattened sacsReceive proteins and
other material, package them and ship them out
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
VacuoleVacuoleStore food water and
other materialsSmall in animal cell Large in plants
Store H2OHelp keep the plant upright
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Cell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell AnatomyCell Anatomy
LysosomeLysosomeContain enzymes that
function in digestion of food and dead cell parts
Surrounded by a membrane
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Animal vs. PlantAnimal vs. PlantAnimal vs. PlantAnimal vs. Plant
1. Plant cells have chloroplasts
2. Plant cells have a cell wall
3. Plant cells have a large central vacuole
4. Animal cells have more lysosomes
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Specialized CellsSpecialized CellsSpecialized CellsSpecialized Cells
Red Blood CellRed Blood CellHas no nucleus so that it
can carry more oxygen
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Specialized CellsSpecialized CellsSpecialized CellsSpecialized Cells
Muscle CellsMuscle CellsLong, slippery and elastic
so that they can slide past one another upon expansion and contraction
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Specialized CellsSpecialized CellsSpecialized CellsSpecialized Cells
Nerve cellsNerve cellsCan be several feet long pass chemical and
electrical signals throughout the body