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CONFIDENTIAL
The Design and Monitoring of Geotextile Tube Use in CCR Impoundment Closure
Christopher M. Gee, Dominion Energy
Scott Sheridan, Geosyntec Consultants
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Chesterfield Power Station
Lower Ash Pond
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Layout of the Lower Ash Pond (LAP)
Area 1
Operational Pool
Ash Management Operations
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Dominion wanted to start the Intermediate Water Management Plan (IWMP) for the Lower Ash Pond (LAP) while continuing the operate the pond– Initially, Dominion desired to implement the IWMP by December 2018– Chesterfield Power Station needed to continue sluicing CCRs to the Lower Ash
Pond through December 2017 while the station was being converted from wet to dry ash handling
• Design Consideration - One of the VPDES limit for the operating pond was TSS• The IWMP needed to control sediment runoff from the filling of Area 1
Initial Approach – Use of Sheet Piles Walls– Sheet piles required a platform for access, 50 ft– Concern with embedment depths including possible impacts to underlying natural
soils. How could the IWMP target date be met? Geotubes Design Considerations for Using the Geotubes
– Safety during installation– Environmental compliance must be maintained during installation– Stability during and after installation
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Why the Use of Geotubes was Selected?
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Layout of the Lower Ash Pond (LAP)
Area 1
Operational Pool
Ash Management Operations
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Field Investigations
SPT (2015)
CPT (2015)
FFP (2016)
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Geotechnical Investigation
Coal Combustion
Residuals
Alluvium
Stronger Cretaceous Sediments
Full flow penetrometer ball tip pressure (psf)
CPT cone tip pressure (tsf)
020,000
0100
CPT sleeve friction (tsf)
04
Field SPT N-values (bpf)
040
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Sheet Pile Wall Concept
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Geotextile Tube Wall Concept Construct a geotextile tube wall between Area 1 and pool side Fill geotextile tubes with ash dredged from the operational pool Geotextile tubes will act as a gravity structure to improve stability while
fill is placed on land side Geotextile tubes provide BMP for maintaining compliance with
discharge permit during filling and grading in Area 1.
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Polymer Laboratory Testing Bench-scale testing with multiple polymers and multiple dosages Goal: identify polymer that will most improve the dewatering process
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Slope Stability Analysis
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Stability of Construction of Geotextile Tube Wall Pad
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Stability of Construction of Geotextile Tube Wall
CriticalCross
SectionConstruction Condition
CumulativeGeotextile Tube
Filling Height(ft)
CalculatedFS
(min. 1.3)
Target FS
MetTarget
FS?
C First geotextile tube layer, first filling 2 1.30 1.3 Yes
C First geotextile tube layer, second filling 5.5 1.32 1.3 Yes
C Second geotextile tube layer, first filling 8.5 1.30 1.3 Yes
C Second geotextile tube layer, second filling 11 1.31 1.3 Yes
BPlacement of final cover with 5 ft
of stockpile11 1.36 1.3 Yes
BPlacement of final cover with 5 ft of
stockpile – long-term conditions11 1.74 1.5 Yes
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Construction of Geotextile Tube Wall
Lesson Learned• Provide additional positive slope, anticipating settlement and construction impacts, for
liner to reduce ponding at tubes while filling.
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Construction of Geotextile Tube Wall
Lesson Learned• Provide additional grading behind the geotubes for stormwater control under
varying conditions, keeping in mind the tubes act as a dam.
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Construction of Geotextile Tube Wall
Lessons Learned• Polymer dosing can be highly variable during the dredging operations, so a
thorough monitoring plan that provides the ability to adjust dosing is necessary.
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Pore Pressure Monitoring
Lessons Learned• Provide adequate space for
piezometer readouts so they are not too close to the geotubes for future monitoring
• Strong communication of monitoring program and expectations.
Design Engineer Input
Design Engineer Input
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Aerial View of Post Construction Condition of Geotextile Tube Wall Construction
Geotextile Tube 2
Geotextile Tube 1
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Post Construction Gradation of Ash in Tubes
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Post Construction %Moisture of Ash in Tubes
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A thorough monitoring plan is needed to track the dosing rate. Stormwater controls should be considered under varying conditions. On this project, pore pressures dissipated quicker than expected. The geotubes provided effective separation between construction and
operations. The structural fill was placed successfully within Area 1 without any
compliance or stability issues. The condition of the ash in the geotubes may or may not vary, depending on
the variable of dosing, runoff control, filling sequence, and time. Geotubes were more cost-effective than sheet pile wall installation.
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Lessons Learned / Effectiveness