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The Environment Change of School Architecture in Kushiro
Natsuki FUKAYO Takeo NISHIZAWA Department of architecture Kushiro National College of Technology
Key words: Architectural planning,20 century, School environment
* *
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Out Line
Introduction
Where Kushiro is
Three schools Environment
Competition of three schools
Conclusion
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Introduction
Clarification of Local Architecture are important to indicate modern architecture.
But
There is no research report about Kushiro schools.
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In this work
Research about *Kushiro girls’ high school *Kushiro elementary school *Otanoshike elementary school
Comparing environment of three schools
Considering transition of three schools
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About Kushiro
N43°
E144
Subarctic zoneHeavy Snowfall Area
Climatic Main IndustryPulp and paperFishery
Age [year]1910
Tem
pera
ture
[de
g. C
]
y=0.0193x-36.427
y=0.0126x-19.037
Ave. temperatureAve. temperature approximate lineMin. temperatureMin. temperature approximate line
1925 1950 1975 2000
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
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Three schools
Kushiro girls’ high school (KGHS)
Kushiro elementary school (KES)
Otanoshike elementary school
(OES)
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Kushiro girls’ high school
Built in 1920sWestern-style designTwo-stories wooden building with hip roofThe only girls’ high school in eastern Hokkaido
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Kushiro girls’ high school
*A classroom area was 64.8m2.*U shaped-type plan and side corridor
shaped-plan.
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Kushiro elementary school
Built in 1970s Three-stories and side-corridor types Made by reinforced concretePillars on the outer walls
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Kushiro elementary school
Three-stories and side-corridor type.Made by reinforced concrete.
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Otanoshike elementary school
Built in 1990sTwo-storiesSpecial characteristic: Tower clockSquare hipped roofUniversal design
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Otanoshike elementary school
Open school type
Classrooms
Windows side
Black board
Separator
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Comparison
Window
KGHS : Window area 10.7 / flat area 64.8 =0.17 < 1/5KES : Window area 13.5 / flat area 63 =0.21 > 1/5OES : Window area 13.3 / flat area 64 =0.21 > 1/5
KGHS : Wooden buildingKES : Reinforced Concrete OES : Reinforced Concrete
Heat insulator shortage in this wall.
Lighting
Insulation
Construction
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Comparison
KGHS : Steam RadiatorKES : Too Small Two HeatersOES : Two Panel Heaters
Universal design
KGHS : Not InstalledKES : Added some facilities
OES : Installed
Warmness
Welfare
Heating system
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Comparison
School-planningKGHS : U Shaped-Type Plan and Side Corridor Shaped-Plan
KES : Side-Corridor Type OES : Open School Type, Two-stories
KGHS :Western designKES :Pillars on the outer wallsOES :Having Tower clock
Modern style
Designing
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Conclusions
Importance appearance designing were attached .
Designs-Old days-
That one were NOT attached so much. -Now days-
Inside idea and designing for students were increased.
Education EnvironmentStudent studied in Terrible environment and no welfare.
-Old days- -Now days-
Building built recently have had great environment.Old building which existing have added some components of universal design.
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Opinion
Midori elementary school
Before
After
●Energy saving of appliance, light and soon●Solar panel●Wind power generation●Cellulose Fiber insulation
Ideas
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Thank you for listening!