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The Industrial The Industrial RevolutionRevolution
The Impact of The Impact of Industrialization on SocietyIndustrialization on Society
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Changing Ways of LifeChanging Ways of Life
Growth of Industrial CitiesGrowth of Industrial CitiesIndustrialization led to Industrialization led to
economic growth and economic growth and urbanizationurbanization
► 1800-1850: Number of 1800-1850: Number of European cities with European cities with population over 100,000 population over 100,000 went from 22-47went from 22-47
► Industrial cities such as Industrial cities such as London, grew rapidly and London, grew rapidly and withoutwithout any any planningplanning
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Living ConditionsLiving Conditions
Urban ProblemsUrban Problems► Lack of sanitation, police, or fire deptsLack of sanitation, police, or fire depts► Lack of housing, education, and social Lack of housing, education, and social
servicesservices► Epidemic diseases, such as cholera and Epidemic diseases, such as cholera and
diphtheria, periodically swept through urban diphtheria, periodically swept through urban slums slums (avg. lifespan of urban worker – 17yrs)(avg. lifespan of urban worker – 17yrs)
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Working ConditionsWorking Conditions
Harsh, Dangerous, and Harsh, Dangerous, and LongLong
► 14 hr workday; 6 days a 14 hr workday; 6 days a weekweek
► Dimly lit, unventilated, Dimly lit, unventilated, no cooling/heating no cooling/heating systemssystems
► Low wagesLow wages► Machines not inspected Machines not inspected
for safety so many were for safety so many were injured due to injured due to dangerous conditionsdangerous conditions
► No government aid for No government aid for disabled workersdisabled workers
► Children from age 10 on Children from age 10 on expected to work expected to work
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Class TensionsClass Tensions
As divisions between rich and poor grew, class As divisions between rich and poor grew, class tensions increasedtensions increased
► At top: landed aristocrats (“Old Money”), new At top: landed aristocrats (“Old Money”), new industrial owners and shippersindustrial owners and shippers
► Next: growing middle class of skilled workers, Next: growing middle class of skilled workers, professionals, and businessmenprofessionals, and businessmen
► Lower middle class of factory foremen, Lower middle class of factory foremen, draftsmen, printers, other skilled workersdraftsmen, printers, other skilled workers
► At bottom: unskilled, unlanded, uneducated At bottom: unskilled, unlanded, uneducated worker who was losing his /her jobs to worker who was losing his /her jobs to machinesmachines The Luddite Movement The Luddite Movement of early 1800sof early 1800s
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Positive Effects of the Industrial Positive Effects of the Industrial RevolutionRevolution
► Creation of jobs for workersCreation of jobs for workers► Contributed to the wealth of the nationContributed to the wealth of the nation► Encouraged technological advancements Encouraged technological advancements
and inventionsand inventions► Increased the production of affordable Increased the production of affordable
goods (thus raising standard of living)goods (thus raising standard of living)► Other Other side effectsside effects::
1.1. Healthier dietsHealthier diets
2.2. Mass-produced clothingMass-produced clothing
3.3. Wider educational opportunitiesWider educational opportunities
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Negative EffectsNegative Effects►Concentration of wealth/power in few Concentration of wealth/power in few
handshands►Urban sprawl (slums, crime, disease, etc)Urban sprawl (slums, crime, disease, etc)►PollutionPollution►Waste of natural resourcesWaste of natural resources►Class conflict & violenceClass conflict & violence►Break up of the family unitBreak up of the family unit►Worker dissatisfaction & alienationWorker dissatisfaction & alienation►Exploitation of minorities (women, Exploitation of minorities (women,
children, immigrants)children, immigrants)