Download - The search for spices
THE SEARCH FOR SPICES
Ch. 14, sec. 1
Motivations for Exploration Spices! Used for:
Preserving foodFlavoring meatMedicinePerfume
MoluccasIsland chain called the
“spice islands”
Portugal Sails East Prince Henry the Navigator
Founded school for sailors, cartographers, and scientists
Never actually sailed on any voyagesWanted to explore Africa- why?
Explored western coast of Africa Bartholomeu Diaz rounds the tip of
Africa (Cape of Good Hope) in 1488.
Portugal Reaches India Vasco da Gama
Following same route as Diaz
Rounded Cape of Good Hope
Crossed Indian Ocean to India
Portugal gained control of many trade ports in the Indian Ocean
Columbus sails West
Italian Navigator Wanted to find a route to
the East Indies by going West
Portugal refused to sponsor his voyage
Spain agreedWho ruled Spain?What was going on in
Spain?
Voyage of Columbus
Leaves Spain in 1492 with 3 ships
Reached the Caribbean after 2 months Thought he was in India- called the
natives “Indians” Took 3 more voyages Still thought he was in Asia
Dividing the Globe
Arguments over land exploration rights
Treaty of TordesillasLine of
Demarcation○ Spain had lands
to the west○ Portugal had
lands to the east
Magellan
Searching for direct route to the spice islands
Discovered Straight of Magellan
His ship was first to circumnavigate the globe
The Slave Trade
Europeans bought slaves to work on their large plantations in the Americas
Relied on African leaders to capture the slaves and bring them to the coastReceived weapons, tobacco, rum, etc in
exchange Read box on p. 267
African Leaders Resist Affonso I
Ruler of KongoForced to convert to
ChristianityTried to convince the
Portuguese to end the slave trade
Some African leaders banned slave traders from passing through their kingdoms
New African States Arise
Many African states benefitted from the slave tradeAsante Kingdom
○ Traded gold and slaves for guns
Oyo Empire○ Gained $$ from slave trade
and built a large army to defeat surrounding tribes
European Presence Expands
Dutch immigrants in South AfricaEst. Cape TownDutch farmers called
BoersKilled or enslaved the
local Africans French and British
explorers conquered much of North Africa