This is a list of Latin words with derivatives in English
Nouns and adjectives The citation form for nouns (the one normally shown in Latin dictionaries) is the Latin nominative singular, but this typically does not exhibit the root form from which English nouns are generally derived.
Latin nouns and adjectives Citation
form Declining
stem Meaning English derivatives
acer acer- maple aceric acer acr- sharp acrid, acrimony acerbus acerb- bitter acerbic, acerbity, exacerbate acervus acerv- heap acervate, acervose acētum acēt- vinegar acetic acus acu- needle acuity, acumen, acupuncture, acute, acutifoliate adeps adip- fat adipose
adversus advers- set against, hostile adverse, adversity, adversary aedificium aedifici- building edifice aequus aequ-, -iqu- even, level adequate, equality, equity, iniquity aes aer- ore aevum aev- age, eon coeval, eviternal, longevity, mediaeval, primaeval ager agr-, -egr- field agriculture, peregrine ala al- wing alar, alate, aliform alacer alacr- quick alacrity albus alb- dull white albarium, albedo, albinism, albino, album, albumen
alius ali- other alias, alibi, alien
amplus ampl- ample amplification, amplitude anima anim- breath, soul, life animal, animate, animation
animus anim- mind, anger animosity
annus ann-, -enn- year anniversary, annual, annuity, biannual, millennium, perennial ānser ānser- goose anserine aqua aqu- water aquamarine, aquarium, Aquarius, aquatic, aqueduct, aquifer
aquila aquil- eagle aquiline arbor arbor- tree arboreal, arboretum
argentum argent- silver argent, Argentina
ars art- art, skill artifact, artificial asinus asin- donkey asinine audāx audāc- brave, bold audacious, audacity auris aur- ear aural, auricle
aurum aur- gold aureate, aureole
avis avi- bird Aves, avian, aviary, aviation baca bac- berry baccate, bacciferous, bacciform, baccivorous bellum bell- war antebellum, bellicose, belligerence, rebellion bellus bell- pretty embellish bene ben- good benediction, benefactor, benefit, benignity
bestia besti- animal bestial, bestiary
bini bin- two each binary, binate, combination bonus – melior – optimus
bon- – melior- – optim-
good – better – best
bonify, bonitary, bonus – ameliorate – optimal, optimist
bōs bov- cow, ox bovine
bracchium brac- arm, support embrace, braces, bracelet brevis brev- brief, short abbreviation, brevity bucca bucc- cheek, mouth, cavity buccal, buccinator muscle
bulbus bulb- bulbous bulbous, bulbule bulla bull- bubble, flask ebullient, ebullism
bursa burs- pouch, purse bursa, bursar, bursary, disburse butyrum butyr- butter butyric
calx
calc- -culc- heel inculcate
calx calc- limestone, pebble calciform, calcite, calcium, calculus, calculation
camera camer- vault bicameral, camera
campus camp- field campaign, champion
canis can- dog canary, canicule, canid, canine, Canis Major
caper capr- goat Capricorn, caprine capillus capill- hair capillaries capsa caps- box, case capsule, encapsulation caput capit-, -cipit- head cape, capital, decapitation, precipitation
carbo carbon- coal carbon
carcer carcer- jail incarceration
cardo cardin- hinge cardinal
caro carn- flesh carnage, carnal, carnary, carnation, carneous, carnival, carnivore, charnel, incarnate, incarnation
caseus case- cheese caseic, casein
catena caten- chain catenary, catenative, concatenation
cauda caud-, cod- tail caudal, coda caulis caul-, col- stalk, stem caulicle, cauliflorous, cauline causa caus-, -cus- accusative, causality, causative
cavus cav- hollow cave, cavity, concave, excavation celer celer- quick acceleration, celerity centeni centen- hundred each centenary centesimus centesim- hundredth centesimal, centesimation centum cent- hundred cent, centennial, centurion
cera cer- wax ceraceous certus cert- certain certiorari, certitude cervīx cervīc- neck cervical, cervix
ceterus ceter- other et cetera
cilium cili- eyelash cilia cinis ciner- ashes cinereous, cinerin, incinerator circus circ- circle circular, circus
cirrus cirr- curl, tentacle cirrus
cīvis cīv- citizen civil, civilian, civility clarus clar- clear clarity, declaration
clāvicula clāvicul- little key clavicle
clavis clav- key clavier
clemens clement- mild clemency, inclement collis coll- hill colliculus collum coll- neck collar
color color- color Colorado, coloration, coloratura, discolor, tricolor colum col- strainer colander
cor cord- heart accord, concordat, cordial, courage, discord corbis corb- basket corb, corf
cornū corn- horn Capricorn, cornea, cornucopia, unicorn
corona coron- crown corona, coronation
corpus corpor- body corporal, corporation, corporeal, corps, corpse, corpulent, corpuscle, incorporation cortex cortic- bark, rind corticosteroid corvus corv- raven corbel, corvine costa cost- rib costal coxa cox- hip coxal cras cras- tomorrow procrastinate crassus crass- thick crass, crassitude creta cret- chalk cretaceous
cribrum cribr- sieve cribble, cribellum, cribrate, cribriform crimen crimin- criminal crispus crisp- curled crispate crista crist- crest cristate crus crur- leg, shank crural crux cruc- cross crucial, crucifix, crucify, excruciating culina culin- kitchen culinary culpa culp- blame, fault culpable, exculpate cuneus cune- wedge cuneate, cuneiform cura cur- care cure, curious curtus curt- shortened curt curvus curv- bent curvature
cuspis cuspid- tip bicuspid cutis cut- hide, skin cuticle
damnum
damn- -demn- harm condemn, damage, damnation, indemnity
decem decem- ten December, decemfid, decempedal, decemviri
decimus decim- tenth decimal, decimate, decimation
decus decor- decorous, decorum deni den- ten each denarius, denary, dinero
dens dent- tooth dental, dentifrice, denture, indent, trident densus dens- thick condense, density
deus de- god deification, deity
dexter dextr- right dexterity, dexterous, dextral diēs diē- day diary, quotidian digitus digit- finger, toe digit, digital dignus dign- worthy condign, dignity
discipulus discipul- student disciple dominus domin- lord domain, dominate, dominion domus dom- house dome, domestic, domicile
dorsum dors- back dorsal, indorse dos dot- dowry dotal, dotation dulcis dulc- sweet dulcet, dulcimer duo du- two dual, duality, dubious, duet, duo, duplex durus dur- hard durable, duration, duress, endure, obdurate ensis ens- sword equus equ- horse equestrian, equine faba fab- bean faba bean, fabaceous faber fabr- fabric faenum faen- hay falx falc- sickle falcate, falciform fames fam- hunger famine, famished fanum fan- temple profanity
fascis fasc- bundle fasciculation
fatuus fatu- foolish, useless fatuous, infatuation
fauces fauc-, -foc- throat faucal, suffocate fēlēs fēl- cat felid, Felinae, feline fēlix fēlic- happy felicitations, felicitous, felicity fēmina fēmin- woman effeminate, femininity
femur femor- thigh femoral, femur
fenestra fenestr- window defenestration
ferox feroc- fierce ferocious, ferocity ferrum ferr- iron ferrite, ferrous ferus fer- wild feral, ferine ficus fic- fig Ficus
fides fid- faith, trust confidence, fidelity, infidel, infidelity, perfidy fīlia fīlius
fīli- fīli-
daughter son
affiliation, filial
filum fil- thread bifilar, filament
fīnis fīn- end, limit affine, affinity, confines, confinity, definition, final, finish, finite, infinity, infinitive
firmus firm- firm confirmation, firmament
fiscus fisc- basket confiscation, fiscal fistula fistul- pipe, tube fistula, fistulate flaccus flacc- flabby flaccid flavus flav- yellow flavin, flavivirus, flavonoid
flōs flōr- flower floral, florid, floriferous, florist, floruit
focus foc- hearth bifocal, focal foedus foeder- confederation, federal folium foli- leaf defoliant, foliage, folio, folivore, portfolio follis foll- bellows follicle, follicular fons font- fountain, spring font, fontal, fontanelle
foris for- outdoors foreclose, foreign, forest, forum fōrma fōrm- form, shape conformity, deformity, formal, formation, formative, formula, formulary, information formica formic- ant formic formus form- warm fornix fornic- vault fornication, forniciform
fors fort- luck fortuitous, fortune fortis fort- strong effort, fortification, fortify, fortitude
fovea fove- shallow round depression fovea, foveal, foveole
frāter frātr- brother fraternal, fraternity, fratricide fraus fraud- fraud defraud, fraudulent frequens frequent- often frequency, frequentative
frōns front- forehead affront, confront, front, frontage, frontal frustum frust- piece frustule, frustulent, frustum
frūx frūg- fruit frugal fūmus fūm- smoke fume, fumigation fundus fund- bottom fundamentalism, profundity fungus fung- mushroom fungal, fungicide funis fun- rope funicular
fur fur- thief furuncle furca furc- fork bifurcation furtum furt- theft furtive fuscus fusc- dark obfuscation
gens gent- gentile, gentility, gentle genu genu- knee genuflection
genus gener-
birth, offspring, creation general, generation, generic, generous, genuine
glacies glaci- ice glacial, glacier
gladius gladi- sword gladiator, gladiolus
gluten glutin- glue agglutination, glutinous gradus grad- step degrade, gradation, grade, gradient, gradine, gradual, graduation, prograde, retrograde granum gran- grain granary, granite, granule gravis grav- heavy aggravate, gravamen, grave, gravid, gravitation, gravity grex greg- flock, herd aggregate, congregation, egregious, gregarious, segregation grossus gross- thick gross gula gul- gullet, gully gurges gurgit- regurgitate
gustus gust- taste disgust, gustatory, gusto gutta gutt- drop guttifer, guttiform guttur guttur- throat guttural herba herb- grass herbaceous, herbal, herbicide
hibernus hibern- hibernacle, hibernal hiems hiem- winter hiemal homō homin- man (human being) homicide, hominid hortus hort- garden cohort, horticulture
hostis host- enemy hostile humus hum- ground humiliate, humility ignis ign- fire igneous, ignite, ignition inguen inguin- groin inguinal īnsula īnsul- island insular, insulate, peninsula iocus jocus joc- jest jocular, joke
iūdex judex iūdic- judge judge, judicial, judiciary, adjudicate
iugum jugum iug- yoke conjugal, conjugate
iūs iūr- right, law abjure, conjure, justice, jurisdiction iuvenis juvenis juven- young juvenile
labia labi- lip labial, labium labor labor- toil elaboration, laborious labrum labr- lip labrose, labrum
lac lact- milk lactate, lactic, lactose lacrima lacrim- tear lachrymose lapis lapid- stone dilapidate, lapidary lassus lass- lassitude latex latic- liquid laticifer
latus lat- broad, wide latifoliate, latitude
latus later- side collateral, lateral
laus laud- praise laud, laudable, Lauds
laxus lax- loose laxity, relax lenis leni- gentle leniency lens lent- lentil lenticel, lenticular lentus lent- lentic, relent leo leon- lion leonine lepus lepor- hare leporid, leporine levis lev- light (weight) levity, relieve lēx lēg- law alleged, legal, legislation, privilege
liber liber- free liberal liber libr- book library
libra libr- balance, scales equilibrium lignum lign- wood ligneous, lignite limbus limb- edge limbate, limbic, limbo
linea line- line collinear, linearity lingua lingu- tongue bilingual, lingua franca, linguistics, multilingual lira lir- furrow delirium
littera litter- letter alliteration, literary, literature
locus loc- place locality, locative
longus long- long elongate, longitude, oblong, prolong lucrum lucr- lucrative, lucre lumen lumin- light luminary, luminous lūna lūn- Moon lunar, lunate, lunatic lupus lup- wolf lupine lux luc- light Lucifer, luciferous macula macul- spot immaculate, macula, macular, macule magister magistr- master magisterial, magistrate
magnus – māior – maximus
magn- – māior- – maxim-
big, great – bigger – biggest
magnate, magnitude – majority – maximum
malus – peior
mal- – peior-
bad – worse
malevolence, malice, malignant – pejorative
– pessimus – pessim- – worst – pessimist manus manu- hand manicure, manual, manuscript
mare mar- sea marine, mariner, maritime, ultramarine
Mars marti- Mars martial, Martian māter mātr- mother material, maternal, maternity, matrimony, matrix, matron, matter
medius medi- middle immediate, intermediate, media, medial, median, mediator, mediety, medieval, mediocre, medium
mel mell- honey mellifluent memor memor- mindful commemorate, memoir, memorial, memory
menda mend- blemish emend mens ment- mind mental merus mer- pure mere miles milit- soldier militant, military, militia
mille mill- thousand millennium, millipede
modus mod- modal mollis moll- soft emollient mons mont- mountain montage, montane, monticule, montiform, montigenous mora mor- delay moratorium morbus morb- sickness morbid, morbidity mors mort- death mortal, rigor mortis
mortuus mort- dead mortgage, mortuary,morgue
mos mor- custom morality, mores multus – plus
mult- – plur-
many – more
multitude plurality
mulus mul- mule mular mundus mund- world mundane murus mur- wall mural mus mur- mouse murine nasus nas- nose nasal navis nav- ship naval neuter neutr- neither neutral niger nigr- black denigrate
nihil nihil- nothing nil, nihilism, annihilate nodus nod- knot nodal, nodule nomen nomin- name ignominy, nominal, nominative, postnominal, trinominal
nonageni nonagen- ninety each nonagenarian, nonagenary nōnus non- ninth nonary, None
norma norm- carpenter's square enormous, norm, normal, normative
novus nov- new innovative, novelty, novice
nox noct- night equinox, nocturnal nudus nud- naked denude, nudity numerus numer- number enumerate, innumerable, numeracy, numeral, numerator, numerous octāvus octav- eighth octaval, octave octō oct- eight octal, octangular, octennial, octuple octōni octon- eight each octonary, octonion
oculus ocul- eye inoculation, ocular omen omin- ominous omnis omn- all omnipotence, omnipresence, omniscience, omnivore
onus oner- burden, load exonerate, onerous, onus opacus opac- shady opacity ops op- copious, opulent opus oper- work opera, operose, opuscule orbis orb- ring orb, orbit
ordo ordin- order ordinal, ordinance, ordinary, ordination
os or- mouth oral, orifice os oss- bone exossation, ossify, ossuary
otium oti- leisure negotiate, otiose ovis ov- sheep ovine ovum ov- egg oval, ovary, oviposition, ovule, ovum
palus pal- stake impale, pale, palisade par par- equal comparative, comparator, disparage, disparity, parile, parity, peer paries pariet- wall parietal pars part- piece compartment, departure, partial, particle
parvus parv- small parvovirus passer passer- sparrow passerine
pater patr- father paternal, paternity, patrimony, patron, perpetrate paucus pauc- few paucal, paucity pavīmentum pavīment- ground pavement pax pac- peace pacific, pacify pectus pector- chest pectoral pēs ped- foot biped, expedient, expedition, impediment, pedal, pedestrian, pedicure
pestis pest- pest pesticide, pestiferous, pestilence pinna pinn- feather pen, pinnate, pinniped
pinnaculum pinnac- gable/peak pinnacle
pirus pir- pear piriform piscis pisc- fish pisces, pisciform, piscine planta plant- sole plantar planus plan- flat planar, plane
platea plate- place placement plebs pleb- common people plebian plenus plen- full plenary, plenitude, plenum pluma plum- feather plumage
pluvia pluvi- rain pluvial
pondus ponder- weight ponderous, pound, preponderance pons pont- bridge pontine, pontoon porcus porc- pig porcine porta port- gate porch, portal, portico prandium prandi- lunch prandial, preprandial pravus prav- crooked depravity pretium preti- price depreciation, precious prex prec- prayer preces
prior – prīmus
prior- – prīm-
former – first
priority – primal, primary, prime, primer, primordial
privus priv- own privacy, private probus prob- probable, probation, probative, probity, reprobate
proprius propri- proper appropriate, propriety prunus prun- plum prune
pulcher pulchr- beautiful pulchritude pulmo pulmon- lung pulmonary pulvis pulver- dust, powder pulverize punctum punct- point contrapuntal, punctual, punctuation
purus pur- pure impurity, purity pus pur- pus purulent quadrini quadrin- four each quadrin quadrum quadr- square quadrate, quadratic, quadrature
quartus quart- fourth quartal, quartan, quartic
quaterni quatern- four each quaternary, quaternion
quintus quint- fifth quintal, quintan, quintessence, quintic
radius radi- ray, spoke radial, radian
radix radic- root eradicate, radical, radicand ramus ram- branch ramification, ramose remus rem- oar bireme, quinquereme
rēn ren- kidney adrenal, renal, reniform res re- thing reality rete ret- net reticulate, retiform, retina
rēx rēg- king regal, regent
ripa rip- bank riparian
ritus rit- rite ritual
rivus riv- brook derive, rival, rivose, rivulet rosa ros- rose rosaceous, rosary rota rot- wheel rotary, rotation
ruber rubr- red erubescent, rubric rūdis rūd- rude erudite, rudimentary ruga rug- wrinkle corrugate, rugose rūs rūr- countryside, farm rural, rustic sacer sacr- sacred sacrifice, sacristy
saepes saep- hedge septum
sal sal- salt salary, salinity
sanguis sanguin- blood consanguineous, sanguine sanus san- sound insanity, sanatorium
semen semin- seed disseminate, semen, seminal, seminar, seminary
semis semi- half semicolon, semiconductor, semiconscious, seminatural senex sen- old man senator, senility, senior seni sen- six each senary
septem sept- seven septangular, septemvir, septennial septeni septen- seven each septenary sex sex- six sexangular, sexavalent, sexennial sexageni sexagen- sixty each sexagenarian, sexagenary
sexagesimus sexagesim- sixtieth sexagesimal
sextus sext- sixth bissextile, Sext, sextan, sextans, sextic, sextile
sibilus sibil- hiss sibilant siccus sicc- dry desiccant, desiccation
sidus sider- constellation consider, sidereal silva silv- forest silvan, silviculture
similis simil- like similar, verisimilitude sincerus sincer- sincerity singulus singul- one each singularity
sinister sinistr- left sinister, sinistral sinus sinu- curve sinuous sol sol- sun insolate, solar, soliform solum sol- bottom insole, sole
solus sol- alone, only sole, solitary, solitude, solo somnus somn- sleep insomnia, somnolent sonus son- sound absonant, assonance, consonant, dissonance, resonance, sonorant, sonority sopor sopor- deep sleep sopor, soporific soror soror- sister sororal, sororate, sororicide, sorority
spes sper- hope desperado, desperate
spina spin- thorn spinal, spinescent, spiniferous, spiniform squama squam- scale squamate, squamella, squamiform, squamose, squamous
stria stri- furrow striation, striature strix strig- owl strigine suavis suav- sweet suave sucus succus
succ- juice succulent
sulcus sulc- furrow sulcal, sulcate, sulciform tardus tard- slow retard, tardy tempus tempor- time contemporaneous, contemporary, temporal, temporary tenuis tenu- thin attenuate, extenuating, tenuous terminus termin- boundary interminable, terminal, terminative
terni tern- three each ternary, ternion
terra terr- dry land terrace, terracotta, terrain, terrestrial, extraterrestrial, territory tertius terti- third Terce, tertial, tertian, tertiary, tertiate testis test- witness intestate, testament, testimony
totus tot- all, whole totality tres tri- three triangle, triceps, triennial tricae tric- tricks extricate turba turb- disturbance, turbidity, turbine
umbra umbr- shade, shadow adumbration, penumbra, umbrage, umbrella
uncia unci- twelfth ounce, quincuncial, uncial
unda und- wave abundant, inundate, redundant, undulate unus un- one coadunate, unary, unate, uniformity, union urbs urb- city suburb, urban ursus urs- bear ursine vacuus vacu- empty vacuous, vacuum
vagus vag- wandering vagile, vague vallum vall- rampart interval, vallate vanus van- empty, vain vanity
varius vari- varying variable, variety, various vas vas- vessel vasal, vase
vastus vast- empty devastate, vastitude vehiculum vehicul- wagon vehicle, vehicular velox veloc- quick, swift velocity velum vel- sail, veil velamen, velar, velate vena ven- vein venation, venous, venule
venter ventr- belly ventral, ventricle, ventriloquy
ventus vent- wind ventilator venum ven- venality
venus vener- desire venerable, venereal verbum verb- word adverb, proverbial, verbal, verbatim, verbose vermis verm- worm vermian, vermicelli, vermicular, vermiculite, vermiform vernus vern- spring vernal vērus ver- true veracious, veracity, verify, veritable, verity vesper vesper- evening vespertine vestigium vestig- trace, track vestigial vestis vest- clothing vest, vestment, vesture vetus veter- old veteran via vi- way devious, obvious, trivial, viaduct, vialis
vicis vic- change vicarious, vicissitude vicus vic- vicinal, vicinity vigesimus vigesim- twentieth septemvigesimal, vigesimal
vilis vil- cheap, vile revile, vilify vīlla vill- country house villa, village
vinum vin- wine viniculture
vir vir- man (masculine) triumvirate, virile, virility, virtue virga virg- rod, twig virgate, virgule
viscus viscer- internal organ eviscerate, visceral vita vit- life vital, vitality vitium viti- vice, vicious, vitiate vitrum vitr- glass vitreous, vitriol
viverra viverr- ferret viverrid, viverrine
vola vol- palm volar vox voc- voice advocate, vocal, vocative, vociferous vulgus vulg- crowd vulgar, vulgarity, vulgate
vulnus vulner- wound vulnerable, vulnerose vulpēs vulp- fox vulpicide, vulpine
Verbs In some Latin verbs, a preposition caused a vowel change in the root of the verb. For example, "capiō" prefixed with "in" becomes "incipio".
Latin verbs Citation
form Present
stem Perfect
stem Participial
stem Meaning English derivatives
aceō ac- acu- – be sour acid
agō -igō
ag- -ig- eg- āct- act, drive
action, actual, actuary, agenda, agency, agent, agility, agitate, ambiguous, castigate, coagment, coagulate, cogent, cogitate, exact, exigent, fumigate, indefatigable, intransigent, litigate, mitigate, navigate, purgatory, purge, redact, retroactive, variegate
alō
al- -ol- -ul-
alu- alit- alt- nourish adolescent, adult, alimentary, alimony, alma mater, alumnus, coalesce, coalition
ambulō ambul- ambulav- ambulat- walk amble, ambulance, ambulatory, preamble
amō am- amav- amat- like, love amateur, enamor appello appell- appellav- appellat- call, address appeal, appellant, appellate, appellation
apō
ap- api- epi-
ap- apt- -ept- fasten adapt, apt, inept
ardeō ard- ars- ars- be on fire ardent, ardor areō ar- – – be dry arid
arguō argu- argu- argut- argue, argument audeō aud- aus- - be bold, dare
audiō aud- audiv- audit- hear audible, audition, auditorium augeō aug- aux- auct- increase auction, augmentation, augmentative
aveō av- - avarice, avid bibō bib- bib- bibit- drink bibulous, imbibe cadō -cidō
cad- -cid- cecid- cas- fall accident, cadence, case, decadent, deciduous, incident, recidivous
caedō
caed- -cid- cecid- caes-
-cis- cut caesura, concise, decision, excise, incision, precise, succise
caleō cal- calu- - be warm calid, calor, calorie
canō
can- -cin- cecin- cant-
-cent- sing cantata, canticle, cantor, cantus, incantation, recant
capiō -cipiō cap- cep-
-cip- capt- -cept- take accept, capable, capacity, caption, captious, captive, capture, concept, deception,
except, incipient, intercept, recipe, recipient, receptacle, reception careō car- caru- carit- lack charity, precarious carpō -cerpō
carp- -cerp- carps- carpt-
-cerpt- pick, pluck carpe diem, excerpt
caveō cav- cav- caut- beware caution, caveat, precaution
cēdō cēd- cess- cess- yield, depart abscess, accede, concede, decedent, excessive, intercede, precede, precession, précis, recede, recession, secession
cēlō -culō
cēl- -cul- celav- celat-
-cult- hide conceal, occult
cenō cen- cenav- cenat- dine cernō cern- crev- cret- separate, sift discern, discrete, excretion, secretion cieō ci- civ- cit- excitement, incite cingō cing- cinx- cinct- encircle, gird cincture, succinct clāmō clām- clāmāv- clāmāt- call acclamation, clamor, exclaim, proclamation claudō -clūdō
claud- -clūd- claus- claus-
-clūs- close clause, conclude, exclusive, occlusion, preclude
clinō clin- clinav- clinat- lean decline, inclination, recline cogitō cogit- cogitav- cogitat- think, ponder cogitate colligō collig- colleg- collect- collect collect
colō
col- cul- colu- colt-
cult- colony, cultivate, culture
cōnor con- conat- – try conation
coquō coqu- cox- coct- cook coctile, concoct, decoction, precocious consulō consul- consulu- consult- consult consult, counsel creō cre- - creat- make creation, creature crescō cresc- - cret- grow accretion, crescendo, crescent, decrease cubō cub- cubu- cubat- lie concubinage, incubator, succubus
-cumbō -cumb- -cubu- -cubit- lie incumbent, recumbence, succumb cupiō cup- cupiv- cupit- desire cupidity currō curr- cucurr- curs- run course, current, cursive, cursor, discourse, occurrence, recursion dicō dic- dicav- dicat- dedicate, predicate
dicō dic- dix- dict- say diction, edict, prediction
dō d- ded- -did-
dat- -dit- give addendum, dative, editor, perdition, redditive, tradition
doceō doc- docu- doct- teach doctor, doctrine, document doleō dol- dolui dolit- grieve dolor, condolence dormiō dorm- dormiv- dormit- sleep dormitory dubitō dubit- dubitav- dubitat- doubt indubitable ducō duc- dux- duct- lead abductor, conductor, deduce, deductible, deduction, duct, educe, reduction edō ed- ed- es- eat edible, esculent emō -imō
em- -im- em- empt- buy exempt, preemptive, redeem, redemption
eō e- i- it- go ambient, ambit, ambition, coitus, exit, obituary, preterite, sedition, transit errō err- errav- errat- stray errant, erratic, erratum
faciō -ficiō
fac- -fic-
fec- -fic-
fact- -fect- make
confect, confectionery, deficient, difficulty, effective, efficiency, facile, fact, faction, factious, factory, factual, faculty, infection, office, official, perfection, perfective, prefecture, proficient, semelfactive
fallō fall- fefell- fals- fallacy, falsity faveō fav- favu- favit- favor fendō fend- - fens- defend, fence, offensive
ferō fer- tul- lāt- bear, bring ablative, allative, conifer, correlation, difference, delative, elative, fertile, fertility, illative, inference, interfere, lative, perlative, preference, prolate, prolative, refer, reference, referendum, relate, sublative, superlative, transfer, translation
ferveō ferv- - - fervid, fervor
fīgō fīg- fīx- fix- fix affix, crucifixion, fixure, suffix findō find- fid- fiss- cleave, split bifid, fissile, fission, fissure, fistula
fingō fing- finx- fict- fashion, invent fiction, fictive, figment
fiō fi- – – be made fiat flectō flect- flex- flex- bend deflect, flexible, flexure, inflection, reflex fligō flig- flix- flict- strike affliction, conflict, inflict, profligate flō fl- flav- flat- blow conflate, flatulence, inflate, soufflé, sufflate fluō flu- flux- flux- flow affluent, confluence, effluent, flume, influx fodiō fod- fod- foss- dig fossil
for f- fat– – say, speak affable, fabulous, fame, fate, ineffable, infamy, infant frangō -fringō
frang- -fring- freg- fract- break diffract, fractal, fraction, fracture, fragile, fragment, infringe, suffrage
fricō fric- fricu- frict- rub fricative, friction
frigeō frig- - - be cold frigid frigō frig- frix- frict- parch fruor fru- fruct- – enjoy fugiō fug- fug- fugit- flee fugitive, refugee fundō fund- fūd- fūs- pour confound, effusive, fusion, profusion, refund fungor fung- funct- – do defunct, fungible, function gaudeō gaud- - gavis- rejoice gerō ger- gess- gest- carry agger, congestion, digestion, gerund, gestation, gesture, ingest, suggest gradior -gredior
gradi- -gredi-
gress- -gress- – step egress, gradient, ingredient, progressive, transgression
gustō gust- gustav- gustat- taste gustation, gustatory habeō -hibeō
habe- -hibe- habu- habit-
-hibit- have exhibit, habitual, inhibitory, prohibitive, rehabilitation
haereō haer- haes- haes- cling, stick adhere, cohesion, hesitation
halō
hal- -hel- halav- halat- breathe exhale, inhalation
hauriō hauri- haus- haust- draw exhaust hiō hi- hiav- hiat- gape hiatal, hiatus
iaceō iac- iacu- jacit- be thrown, lie adjacent iaciō -iciō iac- iec-
(j)ic- jact- -ject- throw abject, conjecture, ejector, inject, objective, projectile, reject
irascor irasc- irat- – be angry irascible, irate labor lab- laps- – slide, slip collapse, elapse, labile, prolapse, relapse laciō -liciō
lac- -lic- -licu- –
-lect- lure delicious, elicit, illicit
laedō -lidō
laed- -lid-
laes- -lis-
laes- -lis- hurt collide, elision, lesion
langueō langu- - - languid, languish, languor laudō laud- laudav- laudat- praise laud, laudable, laudatory lavō lav- lav- laut-, lot- wash lavatory, loment, lotion, loture lēgō lēg- legav- legat- send allege, delegate, relegation
legō -ligō
leg- -lig- leg- lect- choose,
gather, read collect, diligence, election, eligible, lecture, legend, legible, neglect, negligence, selective
leō l- - let- -lit- deletion, indelible
libō lib- libav- libat- pour libation libō lib- - libit- please libido
ligō lig- ligav- ligat- bind ligament, ligature, obligation linquō linqu- liqu- lict- abandon delinquent, derelict, relinquish, reliquary liveō liv- - – livid, livor locō loc- locav- locat- place, put allocate, location loquor loqu- locut- – speak circumlocution, colloquial, eloquence, grandiloquent, interlocutory luceō luc- lux- – be light, shine lucent, pellucid luctor luct- luctat- – wrestle reluctance
lūdō lūd- lūs- lūs- play allusion, collude, illusion, ludicrous luō lu- lu- lut- wash dilute, elution, pollution
maneō man- mans- mans- stay immanent, mansion, permanent, remain mānō mān- manav- manat- flow emanation meō me- meav- meat- go, pass permeate mergō merg- mers- mers- dip emerge, immerse
migrō migr- migrav- migrat- emigrate, immigrant, migration minuō minu- minu- minut- lessen diminuendo, diminution, diminutive
misceō misc- miscu- mixt- mix admixture, miscible, mixture mittō mitt- mīs- miss- send commissure, commit, manumission, missile, missive molō mol- molu- molit- grind demolition, emolument, molar
moneō mon- monu- monit- warn admonition, monitor, premonition monstrō monstr- monstrav- monstrat- demonstrate moveō mov- mov- mot- move demotion, commotion, emotion, motile, motion, motive, motor, move, promotion
narrō narr- narrav- narrat- tell narrative, narrator
nascor nasc- nat- gnat- – be born agnate, cognate, innate, nascent, natal, nation, native, nature, prenatal, supernatural
natō nat- natav- natat- float, swim natatorium
necō nec- necav- necat- kill enecate nectō nect- nexu- nex- join, tie annex, connect, nexus
nōscō -gnōscō
nōsc- -gnōsc- nosc-
nōt- -gnōt-, -gnit-
know cognitive, ignoble, nobility, notable, notice, notion
nuntiō nunt- nuntiav- nuntiat- bring news of, announce announce, renunciation
nutriō nutr- nutriv- nutrit- nourish nutrient, nutriment, nutrition, nutritious ōdi od- - – hate odious, odium oleō ol- olu- - smell olid, redolent optō opt- optav- optat- choose adopt, opt orior ori- ort– – rise abort, orient orō or- orav- orat- speak orator, perorate palleō pall- pallu- - be pale pallid, pallor pangō -pingō
pang- -ping- pepig- pact- fasten compact, impact, impingement
pareō par- paru- parit- be ready apparent, apparition, disparition, transparent pareō par- paru- parit- obey parent, parenthood
pariō
par- -per- peper- part-
-pert- biparous, parent, vivipary
parō par- parav- parat- make ready disparate, prepare, reparation, separate
pascō pasc- pav- past- feed pastor, pasture, repast pateō pat- patu- – be open patent patior pat- pass- – endure compatible, passive, patient paviō pav- paviv- pavit- beat pavement pellō pell- pepul- puls- push compel, depulsion, propel, repulsion
pendeō pend- pepend- – be hanging, hang dependent, pending, pensile, propensity
pendō pend- pepend- pens- weigh compendium, dispense, expend, pension, pensive, suspense perior per- - – experience, experiment, peril petō pet- petiv- petit- seek, attack appetite, compete, impetus, petulant, repetition pingō ping- pinx- pict- paint depict, picture, pigment
placeō -pliceō
plac- -plic- placu- placit-
-plicit- please complacent, placid
placō plac- placav- placat- implacable, placate plangō plang- planx- planct- plangent plaudō -plodō
plaud- -plod- plaus- plaus-
-plos- clap applaud, explode, plaudit, plausible
plectō plect- plex- plex- plait complexity, perplex
pleō ple- plev- plet- fill completion, deplete, implement, plenary, plenitude, plenum, replete, supplement, suppletion
plicō plic- plicav- plicat- fold complicate, duplication, multiplicand, replicate plōrō plor- plorav- plorat- deplore, implore poliō pol- poliv- polit- smoothen interpolate, polish, polite pōnō pōn- posu- posit- put component, composite, depositor, juxtaposition, postpone, repository portō port- portav- portat- carry comport, deportation, export, import, portable, portage, transport, transportation potō pot- potav- potat- drink potable, potion precor prec- precat- – pray deprecate, precarious
prehendō
prehend-prend- prehend- prehens-
prens- grasp apprehension, comprehend, prehensile, reprehensible
premō -primō
prem- -prim- press- press- press, push imprimatur, oppress, pressure, repression, reprimand
pugnō pugn- pugnav- pugnat- fight impugn, pugnacious, repugnant pungō pung- pupug- punct- prick puncture, pungent
putō put- putav- putat- prune, think amputation, compute, deputy, dispute, impute, putative, reputable, reputation quaerō -quirō
quaer- -quir- quaesiv- quaesit-
-quisit- search, seek acquisition, inquire, inquisitive, perquisite, query
quatiō -cutiō
quat- -cut- - quass-
-cuss- shake concussion, decussation, percussion
radō rad- ras- ras- scrape, shave abrade, erasure ranceō ranc- - - be rotten rancid, rancor rapiō -ripiō
rap- -rip- rapu- rapt-
-rept- rapacious, rape, rapidity, rapt, raptor, rapture, surreptitious
recordor record- recor- recordat- remember, recall record
regō -rigō
reg- -rig- rex- rect- keep straight correction, director, dirigible, incorrigible, rectitude, resurrection
repō rep- reps- rept- crawl, creep reptile
rideō ride- ris- ris- laugh, smile derision, ridiculous, risible rigeō rig- – – be stiff rigid, rigor rodō rod- ros- ros- gnaw corrode, erosion, rodent rogō rog- rogav- rogat- ask abrogate, derogatory, interrogation rumpō rump- rup- rupt- break, burst abrupt, corrupt, disrupt, eruption, interrupt, rupture saliō -siliō
sal- -sil-
salu- -silu- salt- jump assail, assault, resilient, salient
saltō
salt- -sult- saltav- saltat-
-sultat- desultory, exult, result
scandō -scendō
scand- -scend- scand- scans-
-scens- climb ascend, condescension, descent, scansion, transcendental
scīō sci- sciv- scit- know conscience, nescience, plebiscite, prescient, science scrībō scrīb- scrips- scrīpt- write describe, prescription, scripture, scribble, transcribe
secō sec- secu- sect- cut bisect, dissection, intersect, intersectionality, secant, sectile, section, sector, segment, trisectrix, vivisection
sedeō -sideō
sede- -side- sed- sess- sit dissident, insidious, obsession, presidium, reside, sedentary, sediment, sessile,
session, subside, supersede sedō sed- sedav- sedat- sedative sentiō senti- sens- sens- feel assent, consensus, dissent, sentence, sentient, sentiment
sequor sequ- secut- sum – follow consecutive, persecute, prosecutive, sequence, sequent, subsequent serō ser- seru- sert- desert, insertion, series serpō serp- serps- serpt- crawl serpent serviō serv- serviv- servit- serve servile, servitude servō serv- servav- servat- save conservation, observant, preserve sistō sist- stet- stat- cause to stand consistent, insist, persist, subsist solvō solv- solv- solut- loosen absolutive, absolve, dissolve, resolve, soluble, solution, solvent sordeō sord- sordu- - be dirty sordid speciō -spiciō
spec- -spic- spex- spect- look aspect, conspicuous, inspector, introspection, respect, specimen, specious
spirō spir- spirav- spirat- breathe aspiration, inspire, respiration splendeō splend- splendu- - splendid, splendor squaleō squal- squalu- - squalid, squalor statuō -stituō
statu- -stitu-
statu- -stitu-
statut- -stitut- cause to stand constituent, destitute, institution, restitution, statuary
staurō staur- staurav- staurat- instauration, restaurant, restoration sternō stern- strav- strat- spread, strew prostrate, stratum, substratum
stō st- stet- stat- stand constant, distance, extant, instant, reinstatement, stable, stamen, stamina, staminal, stance, stanchion, state, stationary, stative, stature, status, stet
stringō string- strinx- strict- squeeze astringent, restriction, stricture struō stru- strux- struct- construe, destruction, instruct, instrumental, superstructure studeō stud- studu- - student, studious stupeō stup- stupu- - be stunned stupid, stupor suadeō suad- suas- suas- dissuade, persuasion
sum es- fu- futur- be absent, adessive, antessive, essence, essential, essive, exessive, future, inessive, present, subessive
sūmō sum- sumps- sumpt- take assume, consumption, presumptive, resume, subsume suō su- su- sūt- sew assument, suture
taceō
tac- -tic- tacu- tacit- keep silent reticent, tacit
tangō -tingō
tang- -ting-
tetig- -tig- tact- touch contact, contingent, intact, integral, pertingent, tactile, tangent, tangible
tegō teg- tex- tect- cover detect, integument, protect
tendō tend- tetend- tens- stretch extend, intense, portend, tendency, tendentious, tension, tensure teneō -tineō
ten- -tin-
tenu- -tinu- tent- have, hold abstinence, content, continent, detention, discontent, maintain, malcontent, retain,
retinue, sustain, tenet, tenor
tergeō terg- ters- ters- wipe detergent, terse terō ter- triv- trit- rub, wear attrition, contrite, detritivore, detritus
texō tex- texu- text- weave context, pretext, subtext, textile, texture
timeō tim- timu- – be afraid timidity, timorous tinniō tinn- tinniv- tinnit- ring tinnitus
torqueō torqu- tors- tort- twist contort, extortion, torque, torture
torreō torr- torru- tost- torrent, torrid trahō trah- trax- tract- drag, draw abstract, detract, distract, extract, protractor, retract, subtrahend, traction tueor tu- tut-, tuit- – intuitive, tuition, tutelage, tutor tumeō tum- tumu- - be swollen tumescent, tumid, tumor
turgeō turg- - - turgid umeō um- - - be moist humidity urō ur- uss- ust- burn adustion, urn utor ut- us- – use use, usufruct, usure, usurp, usury, utility vacō vac- vacav- vacat- be empty vacant, vacation vadō vad- vas- vas- go evade, invasion, pervasive valeō val- valu- valit- be strong ambivalent, prevalent, valence, valid, valor vehō veh- vex- vect- carry convection, convex, inveigh, vector, vehicle vellō vell- vuls- vuls- convulse, revulsion
veniō ven- ven- vent- come advent, adventist, adventure, contravene, convene, convent, convention, eventual, intervention, prevention, provenience, venture
vertō vert- vert- vers- turn adverse, averse, controversy, convertible, extrovert, incontrovertible, inversion, reverse, revert, subversive, versicle, version
videō vidē- vid- vīs- see evidence, improvise, invisible, provident, proviso, video, visage, vision, visor, televise, advice,
vidō vid- vis- vis- dividend, individual, divisor vincō vinc- vic- vict- conquer, win convince, eviction, victory vivō viv- vix- vict- live revive, survivor, victim, vivacity, vivid vocō voc- vocav- vocat- call convocation, provocative
volō vol- volav- volat- fly volatile volō vell- volu- – wish benevolent, malevolent, volition, voluntary volvō volv- volv- volūt- roll convolution, evolve, revolution vorō vor- vorav- vorat- swallow carnivore, devour, voracious voveō vov- vov- vot- vow devotion, votive
Prepositions and other words used to form compound words
Latin prepositions and other words Word Meaning Prefixes ā, ab away from ab-, a-, abs-, as- ad to, toward ad-, a-, ac-, af-, ag-, ar- aequus equal equi- ambo both ambi-, amb- ante before ante-, anti- bis twice bi-, bis- circum around circum- cis this side of cis- contrā against, opposite to contra-, contro- cum together, with con-, co-, col-, com-, cor- dē down from de- dexter right, to the right hand dextro- dis- apart dis-, di-, dif-, dir- ex, ē from, out of ex-, e-, ef- extrā outside extra- in in, into in-, il-, im-, ir- īnfrā below infra- inter among, between inter-, intel-
intrā within intra-, intro- iuxtā beside juxta- malus bad mal- multus much, many multi- non not non- ob, obs toward, against, in the way of, by reason of ob-, oc-, of-, op- paene almost pen- per thorough, through per- post after, behind post- prae before pre- praeter by, past preter- prō for, in front of pro-, por-, prod- (re) again, back re-, red- retro backwards retro- sē apart, without se-, sed- sub from below, under, up to, close to sub-, su-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sus-subter beneath subter- super above, over super- suprā above, more than supra- trāns across trans-, tra-, tran- ultrā beyond ultra-