Download - UMTS - Technology Concepts, Standards
UMTS - TechnologyConcepts, Standards & Implementation
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 2
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS - Technology: Agenda
UMTS Network ArchitectureNew FeaturesNew Entities Compare with 2G SystemsUMTS Standards
Architecture of UMSCDeviations from StandardHW-Architecture
Questions & Discussion
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Evolution
•GSM/TDMA/CDMA: 9.6 – 28.8 kbps
2G: Low Speed Packet and Circuit Data
•GPRS/EDGE: 9.6 – 384 kbps
2.5G: High Speed Packet Data
•3GPP: 144 kbps – 2 Mbps
3G: Multimedia
•Future Standard
•2 – 20 Mbps
•Seamless Interconnection with 3G, WLAN‘s, fixed Networks
4G: Very High Speed Wireless Internet
2001
2000
1999
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 4
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS R‘99 - Features
Air Interface based on W-CDMA
High Speed Data ServicesCS domain: up to 384 kbpsPO domain: up to 2 Mbps
2 different Modes: FDD-mode, TDD-mode
ATM-based Interfaces
„Common Interface“ for CS and PO between Access NW and Core NW
Handover between RNC‘s in Access NW
Enhanced Security Functions
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 5
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS Standards / 1
W-CDMA Technology
Specification: 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project)
Japan (ARIB und TTC) Europe (ETSI) Korea (TTA) USA (T1) and China (CWTS)
Representatives: GSM Association UMTS Forum IPv6 Forum UWCC (Universal Wireless Communications
Consortium )
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS Standards / 2
Standardization body: 3GPP http://www.3gpp.org/
Specifications:3GPP TS 21.xxx - TS 34.xxx23-series: Technical realization stage 2
23.002: Network Architecture 23.060 GPRS (with 3G extensions)
24-series: Signaling Protocols CN 24.008 Core NW protocols stage 3
25-series: Radio Aspects 25.413 RANAP 25.414 Iu Data Transport and transport Signaling
25.415 Iu-User Plane
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS Network Architecture / 1
Radio NetworkControl
RNC
Radio NetworkControl
RNC
UMSCUMSC
Iub Interface Iu Interface
Radio NetworkControl
RNC
Radio NetworkControl
RNC
Iub Interface Iu Interface
Iur Interface
Node B
Node B
MS
MS
A N C N
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 8
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS Network Architecture / 2
UMTS network consists of an Access Network (AN) and a Core Network (CN). The AN is formed by Radio Network Controllers (RNC‘s), NodeB‘s and Mobile Stations.
The RNC‘s are interconnected using the Iur interface. This interconnection enables the RNS to keep „Handover“ within the Access Network (if it is between RNC‘s in one AN).
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 9
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Time
Cod
e
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Modes
Time
Channel bandwidth 5MHz
TDD mode FDD mode
Cod
e
15
Both with harmonized bandwidth and pulse shapeIMT-2000 Spectrum (1885 – 2025 MHz / 2110 – 2200 MHz)
2
1
Frequency FrequencyChannel bandwidth 5MHz
UL UL
DL
Guard Period
15
Duplex Separation
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Advantages of W-CDMA
• Modulation: QPSK
• Connection establishment is easier
• No frequency planning / code planning only
• Low noise
• Automatically ciphering
• New access technology
• BUT: Near-Far Effect
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Summary of the UTRA parameters
Duplex Mode FDD/TDD
Base Station – Synchronization
Asynchronous
Chip Rate 3.84 MCps/s
Frame Length 10 ms
Data Rate Up to 2 Mbit/s
Multi Rate Variable
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
1. Current TDD Principle
2. Asymmetrical Traffic in UTRA TDD mode
TX timeslots RX timeslots
Example:
Timeslot pairs for 2 duplex connections: Different timeslots in UL/DL
Switching PointsTX timeslots RX timeslots
Timeslot pairs for duplex connection
TDD structure like in 2G systems
UTRA-TDD Mode Asymmetrical Handling
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
TDD Channel Structure
Merge of benefits: • CDMA provides interference control and high system capacity• TDD provides Fast Power Control free operation • TDD provides asymmetrical data transfer
multipleTCH per
time slot
1 time slot
5 MHz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Codes1-8
Power Density / Code
Time
Freq
uenc
yTDD
15
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS Cell Hierarchy
• Macro Cell (suburban/rural area) range:max. 15 km (for 144 kbps)high mobility (up to 500 km/h)up to 144 kbps
• Micro Cell (urban area) range:some 100 mmedium mobility up to 384 kbps
• Pico Cell (indoor/home environment) range:some 10 mlow mobilityup to 2 Mbps
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Cell Breathing
1,6
1,4
1,2
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
010 20 30 40 50
Users
Cell
dia
mete
r (k
m)
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Siemens UMSC / 1
MSC
3G-SGSN
Core Network
IWU
A*
internal GGSN
RNCIu
Gn
GMSCE
HLR
CGr
PSTN
ISDN
ISP
UMSCAccess Network
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Siemens UMSC / 2
Siemens UMSC consists of 3 functional blocks:
CP based MSC part MP based IWU MP based 3G-SGSN
MSC: slight modifications mainly in Call Processing A*-Interface
3G-SGSN: 3G-SGSN is based on the 2.5G-SGSN (GPRS) IWU: SCCP endpoint, distribution of messages to CS and PO domain For CS it contains also following functions
Mapping of Iu-IF to A*-IF (Call Processing stays in the MSC) AAL2 Transport Signaling incl. AAL2 Call Processing Control of TSC (TRAU Server Card)
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Comparison GSM-UMTS / 1
RNC
GMSC
3G-SGSN
3G-MSC
GGSN
E*
Iu po
Iu csGn Gi
BSC
GMSC
SGSN
MSC
GGSNGb
A
Gn
E
Gi
PSTN
ISDN
ISP
PSTN
ISDN
ISP
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 19
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Comparison GSM-UMTS / 2
GSM/GPRS (2/2.5G)
2 different protocol stacks between CN and AN. For CS part BSSMAP is used for communication between the BSC and the MSC, for communication between the MSC and the MS DTAP (Direct Transfer Application Part) is used. The PO part (GPRS) uses a different stack: BSSGP, LLC, SM/GMM (Session Management, GPRS Mobility Management) and IP.
UMTS R’99 (3G)
First UMTS release is an evolution of GSM. The two different protocol stacks for the A and the Gb interface migrate to a common interface, the Iu-Interface. Communication between AN and CN is done with a CS and PO common protocol, the RANAP. The NAS (Non Access Stratum) signaling is done with different protocols for CS (CC, MM) and PO (SM, GMM).
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Iu-Interface Protocol-Stack / 3
Protocol Stack on the Iu-Interface can be divided into 2 horizontal layers: Radio Network Layer and the Transport Network Layer
Vertical Planes
Control Plane: UMTS-specific control signaling (includes application protocol i.e. RANAP) and signaling bearer for the application protocol messages
User Plane: Data stream includes coded voice (CS) or packets (PO)
Transport Network Control Plane: Used for all control signaling within the transport layer and signaling bearer
Transport Network User Plane: Data bearer(s) in the user plane and signaling bearer(s) for the application protocol
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Iu-Interface towards Core Network -CS / 1
to R
NC
to U
MS
C
Q.2150.1
Q.2630.1
RANAP Iu UP ProtocolLayer
TransportNetwork
Layer
Physical Layer
TransportUser
NetworkPlane
Control Plane User Plane
TransportUser
NetworkPlane
Transport NetworkControl Plane
RadioNetwork
Layer
ATM
SSCOP
AAL5
SSCOP
SSCF-NNI
AAL2AAL5
MTP3bMTP3b
SCCP
SSCF-NNI
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Iu-Interface towards Core Network PO / 2
to R
NC
to U
MS
C
SSCF-NNI
SSCOP
AAL5
IP
SCTP
SCCP
SSCF-NNI
MTP3-B M3UA
RANAP Iu UP Protocol
Layer
Transport Network
Layer
Physical Layer
Transport User
Network Plane
Control Plane User Plane
Transport User
Network Plane
Transport Network Control Plane
Radio Network
Layer
ATM
AAL5
IP
UDP
GTP-U
Physical Layer
ATM
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 23
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
GPRS vs. UMTS (PO) Transport plane / 1
UMTS Protocol Stack
MS
UE
GTPL3CE
UDP
Application
IP
GTPSNDCP
BSSGPRLC
Iu Gi
GnGb
LLC
BSSGP
FR
L1
UDP
IP
L2
L1
Gi
MAC
L1
FR
L1
Um
GTP
Gn
UDP
IP
L2
L1
*
Uu
GTPGTP
UDP
IP
ATM(AAL5)
L1
UDP
IP
L2
L1
RLC IP
MAC ATM(AAL5)
L1 L1
Application
IP
SNDCP
LLC
RLC
MAC
L1
Application
IP
L3CE
RLC
MAC
L1
GTP
UDP
IP
L2
L1
* Internet *
Application
IP
Internet *
3GSGSNRNC
BSC SGSN GGSN
GGSN
GPRS Protocol Stack
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
GPRS vs. UMTS (PO) Transport plane / 2
In GPRS mobile specific protocols (BSSGP, LLC, SNDCP) are used. At SGSN the protocol stacks (Gb-IF) are implemented on the MP-Platform.
UMTS uses for PO data traffic an IP-based protocol stack.
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
Functionality: R‘99
RNC from Mobisphere (join venture between Siemens and NEC)
Intersystem Handover (3G->2G)
Voice via AAL2 using the Adaptive Multi-Rate Codec
64 kbps CS Service
384 kbps with „Best Effort“ QoS for PO Service
Supported L1 on the Iu-IF is STM-1 (155 Mbps)
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMSC HW-Configuration
Iu I/f
TSC
E1:LIC
LTG
MB
SN
SCP
HLR
INAP/CAP
ISUP
MAP
LTG
LTG
LTG
LTG
PSTN
MP:RANAP
MP:SLT ASN
IOC A
MP
CP
Gi I/f
LIC*
LIC:STM1
Gr, Gs, Gd I/f
LIC:STM1
LIC:STM1
LTG
E1:LIC
E1:LIC
LIC* SP:GTP
LIC*
MC
P
File Server
HUB
36140Gn I/f
Ethernet
SP:ISP
MP:ACC
MP:PD
MP:MM
MP:SM
MP:SA
SP:GTP
SC
36140
U T R A N
I S P
36190
O M C
H. Dobernig PSE MCS IC2 27
Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS - Network Architecture
RNS
RNC
RNS
RNC
CN
Node B Node B Node B Node B
IuCS IuPS
Iur
Iubis
USIM
ME
MS
Cu
Uu
MSCSGSN
Gs
GGSNGMSC
GnHLR
Gr
GcC
D
E
AuCH
EIR
F Gf
GiPSTN
IuCSIuPS
VLRB
Gp
VLRG
BSC
BTSBTS
Um
A
BSC
BTSBTS
Gb
Abis Abis
Um
BSSBSS
SIM
SIM-ME i/f or
MSC
B
PSTN
Iubis
PSTN
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
McCool – UMTS Mobile Station
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS-Abbreviations
UMSC ... UMTS-Mobile Switching Center 3G-MSC ... 3rd Generation MSC 3G-SGSN ... 3rd Generation SGSN RNC ... Radio Network Controller (3G BSC) controls one
or more NodeB‘s NodeB ... Node Broadband (3G BTS) serves one cell CS ... Circuit Switched PO ... Packet Oriented RANAP ... Radio Access Network Application part
(BSSMAP/GSM) Iu-IF ... Interface between UMSC and RNC Iur-IF ... Interface between RNC‘s Iub-IF ... Interface between RNC and NodeB
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
References
Books: Prased, Ramjee/Mohr, Werner/Konhäuser Walter: Third Generation Mobile
Communication Systems. Boston, London 2000 Holma, Harri/Toskala, Antti: WCDMA for UMTS. Chichester 2000 Walke, Bernhard/Fliege, Norbert: Mobilfunknetze und ihre Protokolle.
Stuttgart, 1998 others
Periodicals: Funkschau Mobilcom SMG News (ETSI) others
3G Internet Addresses:http://www.3gpp.org/http://www.etsi.org/http://www.umts-forum.org/http://www.gsmworld.com/
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Program andSystem EngineeringPSE
UMTS - Technology
Q u e s t i o n s &
D i s c u s s i o n
Thank youfor your attention!