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Under the Snow Mountain
Development of a Sustainable Tourism Model
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Under the Snow Mountain
• Sustainable Tourism Defined
• Lijiang’s Old Town
• Naxi Culture and History
• Presenting/Representing Naxi Culture
• Eco-tourism, Ethno-tourism and the Environment
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Sustainable Tourism
• Definition: low impact, income and employment generation, conservation
• UNESCO World Heritage Site
• Risk and Reward with UNESCO designation
• LEAP (Local Effort And Preservation)
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Sustainable Tourism
• Trend in consumers selecting environmentally and culturally sensitive travel
• Tourism offers unparalleled opportunities for the economic development of local communities living in or near heritage sites
• …and in China
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Lijiang, Yunnan
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Location, Location, Location
• Yunnan: South of the Clouds
• International borders• Multi-Cultural history• Crossroads
(Trade and WWII)• Environmental factors• 1996 Earthquake• 1998 and 2003
UNESCO designation
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Gucheng, Old Town• Venice of the East• Traditional Architecture• Limited Infrastructure• Living vs. Created Atmosphere• Public vs. Private Space
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Venice of the East• Traditional water systems• Unique architecture• Historic importance• Cultural Crossroads
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Traditional Architecture• Earthquake “proof”• Building
requirements• Space restrictions
• Re-creation of the Mu Family Palace
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Limited Infrastructure
• Public bathrooms• Water supply• Power lines and
other visual “pollution”
• Increased population with tourists
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Living vs. Created Culture• Daily use vs.
tourism• Dancing in the
public square• Photographs
• Stores and restaurants for tourists vs. living space for residents
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Public vs. Private Space• Personal history• Laws and regulations• Cost
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Naxi Culture• Tibetan-Burmese Language• Women’s Dress• Food• Cultural traditions• Language• Song and dance
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Naxi Culture• Women’s Dress• Traditional vs.
tourist style• Selling clothes• Fashion vs. identity• Claimed to be a
Matrilineal culture
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Dongba Culture• Dongba Pictographs• “Living” pictographic language• Ritual and religious use• Role of Dongba
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Environment• Three Rivers
area: the Yangzi, Mekong and Salween
• UNESCO 2003• Tourism:
Tiger Leaping Gorge
• Naxi Myth
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Environment• Hydro-power and mining pressure• Earthquake risk• Elevation
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Environment
• Urban vs. Rural• Power and development• Roads• Negative impact of regulations
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Next Steps
• Practical training in heritage preservation and management
• Community participation in heritage preservation
• Tourism as a tool for the preservation and enhancement of physical and intangible heritage
• Sustainable conservancy while promoting tourism
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Under the Snow Mountain
Development of a Sustainable Tourism Model