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VAG Pressure Management Systems
February 2010
Member of
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Why do water losses exist?
Outdated pipeline systems
Badly installed networks from a quality point of view
- Incorrect and inapropriate material
- Incorrectly selected product, such as pipes, valves and fittings
- Incorrectly designed, e.g. too high pressure in network, pipe burst, etc.
Low maintenance of systems
- Maintanance cycles Bad operation management (no control systems)
Water theft
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Economical significance of leakages in water
distribution networks
Non visible leakage, lowflow, not detectable byacoustic sensors
Non visible leakage, detectableby acoustic sensors
Visible leakage, leveldetectable
25% of Loss Volume 30% of Loss Volume 45% of Loss Volume
surface
Water losses mean ...
lack of supply in potable water supply
civil unrest
lack of revenues for investments
high energy costs
water impurities
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Using and enhancing international Standards:
IWA Water Balance Sheet
Non-Revenue
Water
Billedauthorized
consumption
Unbilledauthorized
consumption
Apparant losses
Real losses
Water losses
House connection to water meter
Authorized
consumption
System input
volume
Trunk main
Tank / vessel
Supply pipeline
Water theft
Creeping losses
Unauthor ized consumption &Customer metering inaccuracies
Unbilled unmetered consumption
Unbilled metered consumption
Billed unmetered consumption
Billed metered consumption(including water exported)
Revenue Water
WATER LOSS MANAGEMENTcontinuous water supply
appropriate water pricingeconomic operation of water supply networkdocumentation and monitoring of pipeline networksustainable supply strategy for maximum lifetime ofpipeline networkproject scope according to minimum lifecycle costs
Holistic approach to run water supply projects
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Leak DetectionActive Leakage Control
Hydraulic network analysisModellingPerformance IndicatorsMonitoring
PressureManagement
- DMA analysis- Sizing of valves- Manufacturing
of valves- Installation of
valves andcomponents
- On-site Training
AssetManagement
Forecasting &Rehabilitation:
- Repai r- Renewal- Replacement
Potentially
recoverable real losses
Economic level
of real losses
Potential intervention tools of an active real loss
management program
Unavoidable
annual reallosses
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The right way how to do water loss management
Data Management
Data Analysis & Hydraulic Modelling
Pressure Management
Active Leak detection
Asset Management (Rehabilitation)
Sustainable Water Asset ManagementGOAL
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Solution for occuring Waterlosses:
Pressure Management in a nutshell
Data Source: IWA Report; pictures from Ken Brothers
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Influence of leakage sizes on water supply level
Water losses in persons per day
[120 lt / capita / day]
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1 2 3 4 5 6
Supply pressure (bar)
Persons
perday
5 mm
4 mm
3 mm
2 mm
Source: VAG research
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Positive correlation between reduction of pressure
rate and number of new pipe bursts
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Reduction of pressure
Reductionofburstfrequ
ency
Mains
Service
Min. 75.00%
1st. Qu. 64.00%
Median 47.50%
3rd. Qu. 32.75%
Max. 24.00%
* Data Source: Managing leakage by managing pressure: a practical approach Water 21 Magazine. Oct 2003
An analysis of different networks show the direct dependency of pipe burst to thereduction of supply pressure.
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0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Ratio of Pressure reduction [ P1/ P0 ]
R
atioofLekageRates[L1
/L0
]
0,50
0,75
1,00
1,25
1,501,75
2,00
2,25
Ratio of leakage rate vs. pressure reduction*
before and after pressure management
1
0
1
0
1
N
P
P=
L
L
* Data Source: Managing leakage by managing pressure: a practical approach Water 21 Magazine. Oct 2003
Determination of N1:Net characteristicsMaterial of pipesSoil characteristicsGroundwater levelAge of pipesEtc.
Because of diverse parameters the distribution of measuring points scatters a lot.
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MICRO DMA
MICRO DMAs
Holistic Pressure Management Approach
Consultancy,
Coaching
Know-How / Center
of Excellence
Research / Data
collection
Intelligent Water
Information SystemHydraulic modelling
Metho
-
dolog
y
Water and Waste
Water networks
PRESSURE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Strategic Alliances
MICRO DMA
MACRO DMAs
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Strategic partnership
Strategic alliance between GTZ and VAG
Guideline project: Waterloss reduction by intelligent pressuremanagement (IPM)
Objective: To improve the capacity of water utilities for good management ofwater supply networks and the implementation of selected management toolsand technical solutions in pilot areas
Guideline content- Development of guidelines
- Capacity building
- Demonstration and implementation of IPM in pilot areas
Project homepage: www.waterlossreduction.com
German association for technical collaboration
Karlsruhe Institute for Technology, Institute for Water (IWG)
Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz, Institute for Ecopreneurship
VAG-Armaturen GmbH
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Target groups for guidelines
Management
Planning &
design
Implementatio
n & operation
Level 1
Level 2
Level 3
Brochure
Technical
Guidelines
Workingmaterials
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Critical point
Inlet DMA
Why pressure management using control valves
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Day 1 Day 2
Pressure[m]
Day 1 Day 2
Flow[lps]
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Day 1 Day 2
Pressure[m]
Day 1 Day 2
Flow[lps]
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Day 1 Day 2
Pressure[m]
Day 1 Day 2
Flow[lps]
Local point
pressure modulation
Critical point
pressure modulation
NO
pressure modulation
P0 : Pressure upstream of PRVP1 : Pressure downstream of PRVPCP : Pressure at Critical PointQ : Flow
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VAG pressure management application:
remote node based modulation
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VAG-Pressure Management Application
Remote Pressure StationRemote Pressure Station
Pressure
Sensor
Valve ChamberValve Chamber
(Bypass solution)(Bypass solution)
VAG RIKO
plunger valve
Flow directionFlow direction
Control
cabinet
Control
cabinet
VAG
butterfly
valves
Actuator
Flowmeter
House
connections
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Telemetry System Overview
Remote Pressure
Station
GPRS/GSM Modem with SIM Card
INTERNET
GPRS /
GSM
Provider
Central StationWindows PC with broadband
connection (public IP address)
Valve Chamber
GPRS/GSM Modem with SIM
Card
SINAUT
(GPRS-Server)
+
SCADA System
(WinCC Flexible)
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Intelligent Pressure Management System
bar
Internet
Inlet
Critical Point
Support
Internet
Internet
Monitoring
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Screenshot VAG Monitoring System [1/2]
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Screenshot VAG Monitoring System [2/2]
50
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CUSTOMER BENEFITS
Reducing Non Revenue Water (NRW) share up to 50%+
Reducing number of pipe bursts for 50%
+Life time extension of pipeline network+
Easy data retrieval through integrated scada monitoring system
+
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Modular finance model for project funding
Regular project funding
1. One rate payment after assessmentphase of the installed system (paymenton delivery)
2. Funding in cooperation with GTZ anddevelopment banks (PPP)
Project funding out of instant savings
after installation of the valve
Pilot projects: System is installed andcustomer pays after one year operation ifhe is satisfied with the VAG solution.
Pressure management by deferredpayment (monthly payments with a runtime up to 2 years)
Frame contract with performance basedpayment on real water losses
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Typical timeline of a projectWater distribution network of 100 km pipeline length
2 months
1-3 months
4-6 months
3 months
2 months
months
Service
Pressure Management
System
Control strategy
Hydraulic modelling
Gauges for testing
Data management
Feasibility study
2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Hand over the
system to
operator
Presales Project phase Aftersales
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Overview about advantages of plunger valves
compared to diaphragm valves
Better cavitation behaviour
Better regulating characteristic
No oscillation of the water-network-system
Less head loss in the fully open position
No blockage of the control pipes
Very little maintenance work
Very precise control behaviour because of high quality cylinder
VAG Plunger ValveDN150 DN1600
Cyclinder made of stainless steelSoft sealing system (Quad ring)Up to PN100
VAG diaphragm valveDN80 DN400
Can operate without power supply
RIKO PICO
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5
10
15
20
25
inlet pressure (bar)
outlet pressure (bar)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
20
25
outlet pressure (bar)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
15
10
5
inlet pressure (bar)
Better cavitation behaviour of plunger valve
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small stroke
long stroke
mWC
time
mWC
time
oscillation
stable
Better regulating characteristic of plunger valve
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Comparison of stroke
Plunger valve: sizes smaller DN150 are covered by another model of the plunger valve: the DURA valve
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Diameter Norm of valve
Stroke
Diaphragm 14 14 14 21 28 29 43 57 71 73 85 100
Plunger 30 45 50 54 56 60 63 78 92 114 124 145
DN50 DN65 DN80 DN100 DN125 DN150 DN200 DN250 DN300 DN350 DN400 DN500
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flow rate
(m/h)
stroke(mm)
D Q
D stroke D stroke
Better regulating characteristic of plunger valve
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Kvs Value = flow rate (Q) under Dp of 1 bar, valve fully open
Less headloss in fully open position
Plunger valve: sizes smaller DN150 are covered by another model of the plunger valve: the DURA valve
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
Diameter Norm of valve
KVs(m/h)
Diaphragm 47 52 58 120 215 228 456 847 1.370 1.450 1.767 2.100
Plunger 36 60 92 143 223 678 1.161 1.782 2.572 3.474 4.573 7.126
DN50 DN65 DN80 DN100 DN125 DN150 DN200 DN250 DN300 DN350 DN400 DN500
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No blocked control tubes
Blocking of the control pipes for the pilot
valve of the diaphragm valve because of
particles and sediments in the water,
especially regarding intermediate water
supply
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DN50 DN65 DN80 DN100 DN125 DN150 DN200 DN250 DN300 DN350 DN400 DN500
Diameter Norm of valve
Budgetprice(Standard
,inEUR)
Diaphragm Plunger
Cost analysis for standard variants of plunger and
diaphragm valve
Plunger valve: sizes smaller DN150 are covered by another model of the plunger valve: the DURA valvePrice of valve already includes the electric actuator.
Plunger valves above DN400 are the cheaper alternative, considering the product only.
Below DN400 total lifecycle costs are lower than for diaphragm valve applications.
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Butterfly valves are not control valves...
flow
cavitation
flow
no cavitation
40% almost max. flow
cavitation area
Butterfly Valve Plunger Valve
DN 500 PN 10, pupstream= 4 bar, pdownstream= 0,5 bar
bad control
characteristic
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Installed and operated Pressure Management
Systems
2
1
1
x Number of installed projects
1
1
1
2
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Management Summary
without pressure management 301.702
Jan. 2005 Sept. 2005
time based modulation 203.947 - 33 %Oct. 2005 Jan. 2006
remote node based modulation 178.039 - 41 %Feb. 2006 Jun. 2006
Water losses
[m/month]
Water savings
[ % ]
New pipe breaks reduced by approximately 50%!
ROI: project pay back time of 4-5 months!
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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area 3,7 kminhabitants 36 000Length of pipe: 83KMNumber of connections:9000
17,8 million inhabitants8.050 Km2
2.215 inh. / sqKm37 assisted municipal districts
2,1 km
3,0km
location of
pressure reducing station
Project characteristics SANTO AMARO, Brazil
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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Installation of pressure management system [1/2]
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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Installation of pressure management system [2/2]
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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PRESSURE VARIATION at 3 different measuring
points
= DR J SA
= BLOPES
= MORAES
= DR J SA
= BLOPES
= MORAES
pressure[mWC]
pressure[mW
C]
day time
day time
time modulation
remote node modulation
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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Pressure variation at BLOPES
20mWC
12mWC
pressure[mWC]
pressure[mWC
]
day time
day time
time modulation
remote node modulation
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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Pressure Variation at DR J SA
24mWC
9mWC
pressu
re[mWC]
pressure[mW
C]
day time
day time
time modulation
remote node modulation
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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Pressure variation at MORAES
19mWC
6mWC
pressure[mWC]
pressure[mWC
]
day time
day time
time modulation
remote node modulation
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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Reduction of pipe bursts
VAG
solution64%
64%
Santa Amaro, Brazil
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The good news first:
There is more than
enough potable water
available on this planet for
all of us.
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1
Water Transportation
How to cope with water as a limiting factor?
Water Resources
Water Access Technology
Efficient Water ManagementWater Distribution Dilemma
Enduser
2
3 4
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Water Limiting factor
60% of a human being s body consists of water; the figurein infants is up to 80%.
POTABLE WATER ... Necessity for life
- Water regulates the body s temperature- Water transports all other substances / particles in our blood
- Water is mandatory for the metabolism of all body cells
- Water is the only dissolving agent for all organic substances inour body
Health
Nutrition: nutriant number one!
Body care / cleaning
Water supply for cropland, industry, households
Sanitation without health risks
Laundry
Source: http://www.hydor-technik.de/html/bedeutung_wasser.html
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Distribution of water consumption
Water for irrigation in agriculture and process water for industry are driving theworldwide water consumption.
The private water consumption only takes a quarter of the overall consumedwater volume.
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National water consumption
USA 616l
Mexico 300l
Brazil 300l
China 95l
Malaysia 270l - 420l
Dubai 400l
Germany 150l
Denmark 114l
Source: VAG Research
Top and bottom consumption per capita per day in an international comparison.
5.5 m inhabitants82 m inhabitants
1.3 b inhabitants
1.4 m inhabitants
189 m inhabitants
304 m inhabitants
110 m inhabitants 25 m inhabitants
Australia 605l
21 m inhabitants
India 139l
1.1 b inhabitants
Canada 778l
32 m inhabitants
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Average tarifs and water usage in selected
countries
Source: GWI/OECD 2008 Global W ater Tariiff Survey
The world water prices rise by 6.7%; however there are still many cities favouring cheapwater at the expense of investment and conservation.
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