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VAG Pressure Management Systems

February 2010

Member of
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2 VAG Pressure Management Systems - Water Intelligence Solution2

Why do water losses exist?

Outdated pipeline systems

Badly installed networks from a quality point of view

- Incorrect and inapropriate material

- Incorrectly selected product, such as pipes, valves and fittings

- Incorrectly designed, e.g. too high pressure in network, pipe burst, etc.

Low maintenance of systems

- Maintanance cycles Bad operation management (no control systems)

Water theft
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Economical significance of leakages in water

distribution networks

Non visible leakage, lowflow, not detectable byacoustic sensors

Non visible leakage, detectableby acoustic sensors

Visible leakage, leveldetectable

25% of Loss Volume 30% of Loss Volume 45% of Loss Volume

surface

Water losses mean ...

lack of supply in potable water supply

civil unrest

lack of revenues for investments

high energy costs

water impurities


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Using and enhancing international Standards:

IWA Water Balance Sheet

Non-Revenue

Water

Billedauthorized

consumption

Unbilledauthorized

consumption

Apparant losses

Real losses

Water losses

House connection to water meter

Authorized

consumption

System input

volume

Trunk main

Tank / vessel

Supply pipeline

Water theft

Creeping losses

Unauthor ized consumption &Customer metering inaccuracies

Unbilled unmetered consumption

Unbilled metered consumption

Billed unmetered consumption

Billed metered consumption(including water exported)

Revenue Water

WATER LOSS MANAGEMENTcontinuous water supply

appropriate water pricingeconomic operation of water supply networkdocumentation and monitoring of pipeline networksustainable supply strategy for maximum lifetime ofpipeline networkproject scope according to minimum lifecycle costs

Holistic approach to run water supply projects


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Leak DetectionActive Leakage Control

Hydraulic network analysisModellingPerformance IndicatorsMonitoring

PressureManagement

- DMA analysis- Sizing of valves- Manufacturing

of valves- Installation of

valves andcomponents

- On-site Training

AssetManagement

Forecasting &Rehabilitation:

- Repai r- Renewal- Replacement

Potentially

recoverable real losses

Economic level

of real losses

Potential intervention tools of an active real loss

management program

Unavoidable

annual reallosses


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The right way how to do water loss management

Data Management

Data Analysis & Hydraulic Modelling

Pressure Management

Active Leak detection

Asset Management (Rehabilitation)

Sustainable Water Asset ManagementGOAL


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Solution for occuring Waterlosses:

Pressure Management in a nutshell

Data Source: IWA Report; pictures from Ken Brothers


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Influence of leakage sizes on water supply level

Water losses in persons per day

[120 lt / capita / day]

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 2 3 4 5 6

Supply pressure (bar)

Persons

perday

5 mm

4 mm

3 mm

2 mm

Source: VAG research


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Positive correlation between reduction of pressure

rate and number of new pipe bursts

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Reduction of pressure

Reductionofburstfrequ

ency

Mains

Service

Min. 75.00%

1st. Qu. 64.00%

Median 47.50%

3rd. Qu. 32.75%

Max. 24.00%

* Data Source: Managing leakage by managing pressure: a practical approach Water 21 Magazine. Oct 2003

An analysis of different networks show the direct dependency of pipe burst to thereduction of supply pressure.


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0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Ratio of Pressure reduction [ P1/ P0 ]

R

atioofLekageRates[L1

/L0

]

0,50

0,75

1,00

1,25

1,501,75

2,00

2,25

Ratio of leakage rate vs. pressure reduction*

before and after pressure management

1

0

1

0

1

N

P

P=

L

L

* Data Source: Managing leakage by managing pressure: a practical approach Water 21 Magazine. Oct 2003

Determination of N1:Net characteristicsMaterial of pipesSoil characteristicsGroundwater levelAge of pipesEtc.

Because of diverse parameters the distribution of measuring points scatters a lot.


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MICRO DMA

MICRO DMAs

Holistic Pressure Management Approach

Consultancy,

Coaching

Know-How / Center

of Excellence

Research / Data

collection

Intelligent Water

Information SystemHydraulic modelling

Metho

-

dolog

y

Water and Waste

Water networks

PRESSURE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

Strategic Alliances

MICRO DMA

MACRO DMAs


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Strategic partnership

Strategic alliance between GTZ and VAG

Guideline project: Waterloss reduction by intelligent pressuremanagement (IPM)

Objective: To improve the capacity of water utilities for good management ofwater supply networks and the implementation of selected management toolsand technical solutions in pilot areas

Guideline content- Development of guidelines

- Capacity building

- Demonstration and implementation of IPM in pilot areas

Project homepage: www.waterlossreduction.com

German association for technical collaboration

Karlsruhe Institute for Technology, Institute for Water (IWG)

Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz, Institute for Ecopreneurship

VAG-Armaturen GmbH


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Target groups for guidelines

Management

Planning &

design

Implementatio

n & operation

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Brochure

Technical

Guidelines

Workingmaterials


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Critical point

Inlet DMA

Why pressure management using control valves

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Day 1 Day 2

Pressure[m]

Day 1 Day 2

Flow[lps]

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Day 1 Day 2

Pressure[m]

Day 1 Day 2

Flow[lps]

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Day 1 Day 2

Pressure[m]

Day 1 Day 2

Flow[lps]

Local point

pressure modulation

Critical point

pressure modulation

NO

pressure modulation

P0 : Pressure upstream of PRVP1 : Pressure downstream of PRVPCP : Pressure at Critical PointQ : Flow


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VAG pressure management application:

remote node based modulation


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VAG-Pressure Management Application

Remote Pressure StationRemote Pressure Station

Pressure

Sensor

Valve ChamberValve Chamber

(Bypass solution)(Bypass solution)

VAG RIKO

plunger valve

Flow directionFlow direction

Control

cabinet

Control

cabinet

VAG

butterfly

valves

Actuator

Flowmeter

House

connections


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Telemetry System Overview

Remote Pressure

Station

GPRS/GSM Modem with SIM Card

INTERNET

GPRS /

GSM

Provider

Central StationWindows PC with broadband

connection (public IP address)

Valve Chamber

GPRS/GSM Modem with SIM

Card

SINAUT

(GPRS-Server)

+

SCADA System

(WinCC Flexible)


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Intelligent Pressure Management System

bar

Internet

Inlet

Critical Point

Support

Internet

Internet

Monitoring


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Screenshot VAG Monitoring System [1/2]


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Screenshot VAG Monitoring System [2/2]

50


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CUSTOMER BENEFITS

Reducing Non Revenue Water (NRW) share up to 50%+

Reducing number of pipe bursts for 50%

+Life time extension of pipeline network+

Easy data retrieval through integrated scada monitoring system

+


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Modular finance model for project funding

Regular project funding

1. One rate payment after assessmentphase of the installed system (paymenton delivery)

2. Funding in cooperation with GTZ anddevelopment banks (PPP)

Project funding out of instant savings

after installation of the valve

Pilot projects: System is installed andcustomer pays after one year operation ifhe is satisfied with the VAG solution.

Pressure management by deferredpayment (monthly payments with a runtime up to 2 years)

Frame contract with performance basedpayment on real water losses


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Typical timeline of a projectWater distribution network of 100 km pipeline length

2 months

1-3 months

4-6 months

3 months

2 months

months

Service

Pressure Management

System

Control strategy

Hydraulic modelling

Gauges for testing

Data management

Feasibility study

2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Hand over the

system to

operator

Presales Project phase Aftersales


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Overview about advantages of plunger valves

compared to diaphragm valves

Better cavitation behaviour

Better regulating characteristic

No oscillation of the water-network-system

Less head loss in the fully open position

No blockage of the control pipes

Very little maintenance work

Very precise control behaviour because of high quality cylinder

VAG Plunger ValveDN150 DN1600

Cyclinder made of stainless steelSoft sealing system (Quad ring)Up to PN100

VAG diaphragm valveDN80 DN400

Can operate without power supply

RIKO PICO


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5

10

15

20

25

inlet pressure (bar)

outlet pressure (bar)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

20

25

outlet pressure (bar)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

15

10

5

inlet pressure (bar)

Better cavitation behaviour of plunger valve


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small stroke

long stroke

mWC

time

mWC

time

oscillation

stable

Better regulating characteristic of plunger valve


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Comparison of stroke

Plunger valve: sizes smaller DN150 are covered by another model of the plunger valve: the DURA valve

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Diameter Norm of valve

Stroke

Diaphragm 14 14 14 21 28 29 43 57 71 73 85 100

Plunger 30 45 50 54 56 60 63 78 92 114 124 145

DN50 DN65 DN80 DN100 DN125 DN150 DN200 DN250 DN300 DN350 DN400 DN500


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flow rate

(m/h)

stroke(mm)

D Q

D stroke D stroke

Better regulating characteristic of plunger valve


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Kvs Value = flow rate (Q) under Dp of 1 bar, valve fully open

Less headloss in fully open position

Plunger valve: sizes smaller DN150 are covered by another model of the plunger valve: the DURA valve

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000


KVs(m/h)

Diaphragm 47 52 58 120 215 228 456 847 1.370 1.450 1.767 2.100

Plunger 36 60 92 143 223 678 1.161 1.782 2.572 3.474 4.573 7.126



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No blocked control tubes

Blocking of the control pipes for the pilot

valve of the diaphragm valve because of

particles and sediments in the water,

especially regarding intermediate water

supply


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Budgetprice(Standard

,inEUR)

Diaphragm Plunger

Cost analysis for standard variants of plunger and

diaphragm valve

Plunger valve: sizes smaller DN150 are covered by another model of the plunger valve: the DURA valvePrice of valve already includes the electric actuator.

Plunger valves above DN400 are the cheaper alternative, considering the product only.

Below DN400 total lifecycle costs are lower than for diaphragm valve applications.
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Butterfly valves are not control valves...

flow

cavitation

flow

no cavitation

40% almost max. flow

cavitation area

Butterfly Valve Plunger Valve

DN 500 PN 10, pupstream= 4 bar, pdownstream= 0,5 bar

bad control

characteristic


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Installed and operated Pressure Management

Systems

2

1

1

x Number of installed projects

1

1

1

2


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Management Summary

without pressure management 301.702

Jan. 2005 Sept. 2005

time based modulation 203.947 - 33 %Oct. 2005 Jan. 2006

remote node based modulation 178.039 - 41 %Feb. 2006 Jun. 2006

Water losses

[m/month]

Water savings

[ % ]

New pipe breaks reduced by approximately 50%!

ROI: project pay back time of 4-5 months!

Santa Amaro, Brazil


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area 3,7 kminhabitants 36 000Length of pipe: 83KMNumber of connections:9000

17,8 million inhabitants8.050 Km2

2.215 inh. / sqKm37 assisted municipal districts

2,1 km

3,0km

location of

pressure reducing station

Project characteristics SANTO AMARO, Brazil

Santa Amaro, Brazil


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Installation of pressure management system [1/2]

Santa Amaro, Brazil


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Installation of pressure management system [2/2]

Santa Amaro, Brazil


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PRESSURE VARIATION at 3 different measuring

points

= DR J SA

= BLOPES

= MORAES

= DR J SA

= BLOPES

= MORAES

pressure[mWC]

pressure[mW

C]

day time

day time

time modulation

remote node modulation

Santa Amaro, Brazil
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Pressure variation at BLOPES

20mWC

12mWC

pressure[mWC]

pressure[mWC

]

day time

day time

time modulation


Santa Amaro, Brazil


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Pressure Variation at DR J SA

24mWC

9mWC

pressu

re[mWC]

pressure[mW

C]

day time

day time

time modulation


Santa Amaro, Brazil


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Pressure variation at MORAES

19mWC

6mWC

pressure[mWC]

pressure[mWC

]

day time

day time

time modulation


Santa Amaro, Brazil


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Reduction of pipe bursts

VAG

solution64%

64%

Santa Amaro, Brazil


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The good news first:

There is more than

enough potable water

available on this planet for

all of us.


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1

Water Transportation

How to cope with water as a limiting factor?

Water Resources

Water Access Technology

Efficient Water ManagementWater Distribution Dilemma

Enduser

2

3 4


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Water Limiting factor

60% of a human being s body consists of water; the figurein infants is up to 80%.

POTABLE WATER ... Necessity for life

- Water regulates the body s temperature- Water transports all other substances / particles in our blood

- Water is mandatory for the metabolism of all body cells

- Water is the only dissolving agent for all organic substances inour body

Health

Nutrition: nutriant number one!

Body care / cleaning

Water supply for cropland, industry, households

Sanitation without health risks

Laundry

Source: http://www.hydor-technik.de/html/bedeutung_wasser.html


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Distribution of water consumption

Water for irrigation in agriculture and process water for industry are driving theworldwide water consumption.

The private water consumption only takes a quarter of the overall consumedwater volume.


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National water consumption

USA 616l

Mexico 300l

Brazil 300l

China 95l

Malaysia 270l - 420l

Dubai 400l

Germany 150l

Denmark 114l

Source: VAG Research

Top and bottom consumption per capita per day in an international comparison.

5.5 m inhabitants82 m inhabitants

1.3 b inhabitants

1.4 m inhabitants

189 m inhabitants

304 m inhabitants

110 m inhabitants 25 m inhabitants

Australia 605l

21 m inhabitants

India 139l

1.1 b inhabitants

Canada 778l

32 m inhabitants


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Average tarifs and water usage in selected

countries

Source: GWI/OECD 2008 Global W ater Tariiff Survey

The world water prices rise by 6.7%; however there are still many cities favouring cheapwater at the expense of investment and conservation.

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