dr bhuvan unhelkar presentation "mobile business"

Education Across the Nation: Q4 - Oct/Nov 2006

Mobile Business

ACS - Education Across the Nation (EdxN)

© ACS 2006

Bhuvan Unhelkar, PhD, [email protected] +61 (0) 413 821 454

Sydney-Canberra-Adelaide-Perth-Brisbane-Darwin-Melbourne-Hobart

mailto:[email protected]

© Bhuvan UNHELKAR, 20062

ACS - Education Across the Nation (EdxN) - Mobile Business www.MethodScience.com

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Presenter Profile – Bhuvan UnhelkarPresenter Profile – Bhuvan Unhelkar Bhuvan UNHELKAR (BE, MBA, PhD, FACS) 24 years ICT: Development, Consulting and Academic Roles. PhD “...Granularity of OO Design…”

with Prof.. Brian Henderson-Sellers Author: 10 Books Promoting Mobile Internet Research and Applications Group

(MIRAG) at Uni. of Western Sydney Supervising 4 PhDs in this area

Fellow of ACS; Life member Comp.Soc.India Rotarian, St.Ives; TiE ex-Mentor Director; www.unhelkar.com ; www.methodscience.com



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AgendaAgenda

Mobile Business – Background and Relevance Mobile Utilization & Contents

Mobile Technologies; Mobile Telephony Mobile Enterprise Transitions

Its 3-dimensional Framework

Mobility – Emerging Sociological Issues Conclusions & Future Directions

Monday, April 10, 2023 4


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Mobile BusinessMobile Business

Arguing for Phenomenal Importance of Mobility in

Today’s Business



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Revisiting the Revisiting the Third Wave Third Wave of of the the Future Shock Future Shock (Alvin Toffler)(Alvin Toffler)

Agricultural (1000s)

Industrial (100s)

Informative (10s)



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Time

Mobile Business Adoption (Based on E-Business adoption Cycle by Gartner, Nov, 1999)

1990-96 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

TechnologyTrigger

Peak ofInflated Expectations

Trough ofDisillusionment

Slope ofEnlightenment

Plateau ofProfitability

InternetWeb

Dot.com begins

U.S. IPOs1997/1998

U.S. Christmas1998

European IPOs1999

“e” is Everywhere

Dot.com sharefallout

Investor disillusionment“Bricks & Mortar” failures

Dot.com shakeout

Publicised e-Failures

Businessdisillusionment

“True”E-Businessemerges

OptimisedE-Business

Post-NetBusinesses

2006-2008e-Business ends

Source: Gartner, Nov. 1999

Extrapolating for the “m”

Curve

“True”Mobile Businessemerges



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Background to this PresentationBackground to this Presentation

Handbook of Research in Mobile Business IDEAS publishing Group; IGI Hershey, PA, USA;

due Jan 2006 Foreword by Dr Elaine Lawrence, UTS Technology-Methodology-Sociology(Architects-BAs-Managers-Researchers)

“An Initial Three Dimensional Framework for Mobile Enterprise Transitions”, Cutter IT Journal, August, 2005

www.cutter.com



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Mobile Themes & Spread of ResearchersMobile Themes & Spread of Researchers

ThemeNumber of Chapters

Location 4Health 5Technical 10Network 5Security 4Strategy 6Application 5Method 4Customer 3Social 5Case study 12

Some were pure researchers

Most were Practitioners & industrial researchers

All keen to apply Mobility to Business

Country Authors

Australia 25

China 2

Finland 4

France 8

Germany 6

Hong Kong 2

India 22

Italy 2

Singapore 2

Spain 2

Switzerland 1

Taiwan 3

UAE 2

UK 12

USA 17

110

Themes Researchers



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Mobile Business ProcessesMobile Business Processes

Impact of Mobility on Business Processes



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Business Utilizing the Internet – Mobile Superimposition

Informative

Collaborative

Transactive

Operative

e-Information

c-Commerce

e-Commerce

e-BusinessMob

ility



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Mobility Considerations in Mobile Internet Mobility Considerations in Mobile Internet Usage by BusinessUsage by Business

M-Informative M-Transactive M-Operative M-Collaborative

Technology

(What)

Device Availability and Access

Networking – Internet connectivity;

Reliability

Intranet; Extranet; Groupware;

Reliability

Portals; Groupware; Standards;

Methodology

(How)

Personal Process Business Process Engineering (BPR)

Organizational Policies; BPR

Industrial Process Reengineering; Business Collaboration

Sociology

(Who)

Privacy; Access Security, Confidence; Convenience;

Security, Trust, Workplace Regulations; Ethics;

Security, Trust, socio-cultural issues



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Considering Nature of Mobile “wireless connectivity” and Mobile Considering Nature of Mobile “wireless connectivity” and Mobile Devices (Devices (Based on Cutter IT Journal publication, Unhelkar, 2005)Based on Cutter IT Journal publication, Unhelkar, 2005)

Incre

asin

gly

Loose

Con

necti

vit

y Centralized (Mainframe) ConnectivityClient/server ConnectivityWeb-based ConnectivityXML-Based Connectivity

Centralized (Mainframe) ConnectivityClient/server ConnectivityWeb-based ConnectivityXML-Based Connectivity

Wireless (WML)-Based ConnectivityWireless (WML)-Based Connectivity

Individuals; (Mobile Devices)

Enterprises, Functional units; Fixed Devices and

connectivity



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Mobile Customer Relationship ManagementMobile Customer Relationship Management (An Example of MET Output: CRM-eCRM-mCRM)(An Example of MET Output: CRM-eCRM-mCRM)

Real

-tim

e In

tera

ctio

n

Dynamic O

rganizational

Processes

Acqu

isiti

on

Retention

Growth

Customer-Customer

Cust

om

er-

Em

plo

yee

Busi

ness

-Em

plo

yee

Business-Business

Spot-based

Dyn

amic

Cus

tom

er

Gro

ups

•One-touch access for Users through hand-held devices

•Personalization of location-based services

•Field-workers – including sales reps/road runners – well equipped through mobile CRM - accessing real-time information

•Dynamic Grouping – providing time-based opportunities to market/sell/serve changing groups of customers



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Mobile ContentsMobile Contents

Variations and Issues



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M-Business depends on Contents.

Some actually get Delivered;

Others Support.

Contents: Providers & ConsumersContents: Providers & Consumers

MobileContents

M-Business

Providers

Consumers

Push vs Pull



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Content ProvidersContent Providers M-Business depends on Quality of Contents

Timeliness; Accuracy; Context (Location, Relevance); All of which changes rapidly in M-Business

Informative-Transactive-Operative-Collaborative contents are Provided

Method – Push preferred; don’t m-SPAM Business Strategies –

M-coupons; M-payments; M-alerts; M-adverts; M-CRM (data acquisition & analysis)

Mobility of Providers needs to be considered Although usually they need not be Mobile



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Content UsersContent Users

Are Mobile – changing their location continuously Demand for Contents keeps changing,

depending on the context (location-time-group) Demand for Personalisation Have small-screen devices

Usability vital; WML to strip unwanted contents Content types no longer restricted to Voice &

Data – multi-media demanded Method of Usage – Pull preferred



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Mobile Technologies Mobile Technologies

1-2-3 Generations



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Enabling Technologies Leading to Mobile Enabling Technologies Leading to Mobile

Internet

Enabling Information And Communication

Technologies

MobileBusiness

MobileBusiness

+Extranet

Middleware+

Web Services+

Groupware+

IT Architecture+

•Mobile Networks •Mobile Satellite Communications•Infrared / Bluetooth•Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)



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MobileMobile TechnologyTechnology GenerationsGenerations

1G – 1980s; Analog; Voice only; 25 MHz; Poor quality and Insecure;

2G – 1980s-1990s; 900 MHz spectrum; Global System Mobile (GSM), Time & Code Division Multiple Access (TDMA, CDMA); Improved quality & security; Voice and Short Messaging Service (SMS)

2.5G – WAP enabled & Supporting Higher data rates; Facilitate Emails and Web browsing on Mobile devices;



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3G Technology 3G Technology (2000s) Third generation (3G) mobile telephony, 2000MHz range;

Dedicated 3G platforms using Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA)

Evolution of the 2.5G platforms to 3G by addition of: Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) technology to

GSM; and EV-DO (Evolution-Data Optimized)/CDMA 2000 capability to

CDMA one. Time-Division Synchronous CDMA (TD-SCDMA)

Wide bandwidth; High speed Transmission; Huge network capacity; Global roaming.

VoIP, Fax, Email, Audio & Video Streaming, Multimedia services on demand, News & Sports



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4G – 4G – the Future Directions

2010s; 2-8 GHz; 20-100 Mbps target; Users themselves moving fast (200+ KMPH) 4G will be highly integrated;

Bluetooth, RFIDs, Personal Area Networks will all Converge; Extreme Personalisation

Phenomenal Research Issues Interoperability; security; QoS; Costs;

5G? Anybody’s Guess!! May handle users travelling at

Jet speeds?



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Next G! - TelstraNext G! - Telstra

The NEXT G network (claims Telstra) is up to 50 times faster than dial-up and up to five times faster than existing 3GSM networks

New network would boost the coverage and speed of Telstra's existing 3G mobile phone services (Independent telecommunications analyst Paul Budde, SMH, 6 Oct’06)

Not a substitute for a national high-speed broadband network.

He said about 90 per cent of mobile phone users used their phones for voice or SMS, compared with only 3 per cent currently using mobile networks to send data. (SMH, 6 Oct’06)



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Mobile ConvergenceMobile Convergence

Converged Devices Mobile handsets that are telephones, mobile PCs

with various applications (PDAs), MP3 players, radios, cameras, data storage devices, etc.

Facilitates Personalization; Security vital; Converged devices are expected to be the main

mobile growth driver (as per IDC)



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Mobile Telephony Mobile Telephony

Impact on Mobile Business



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Evolution to Mobile TelephonyEvolution to Mobile Telephony

First Public Mobile Telephone Service in Australia was launched in early 1980s

25 years on, mobile phone subscribers now almost outnumber fixed line subscriptions

Fixed-to-Mobile Substitution increasing Australian mobile phone users will grow by

7.4 percent to 19.2 million this year, with 100% penetration by 2008 (Source: IDC)



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Mobile Telephony CapabilitiesMobile Telephony Capabilities

Plain Telephony SMS (Short Message Service) Push to Talk (PTT) Mobile Data – various forms

WAP, Mobile Internet, Corporate IP connectivity New & Other Services

Content Services (ring tones, wallpapers) Location based services (LBS) Multi-mode handsets – integration with enterprise &

home networks



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Mobile Telephony TechnologyMobile Telephony Technology

The two main public mobile telephony service platforms currently in use are the: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)

standard; and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) one

standard. GSM/CDMA also support basic data

capabilities: General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) for GSM; and 1xRTT (Radio Transmission Technology) for CDMA.



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Defining M-TransformationDefining M-Transformation(Marmaridis, I., and Unhelkar, B., M-Business 2005)(Marmaridis, I., and Unhelkar, B., M-Business 2005)

Mobile Transformation is:

“the evolution of business practices via the adoption of suitable processes and

technologies that enable mobility and pervasiveness.”



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Factors Impacting Mobile Enterprise TransitionsFactors Impacting Mobile Enterprise Transitions

Mobile Mobile OrganizationOrganization

Land-Based Land-Based OrganizationOrganization

Business

Human Resources

End Users

Cultural

Environmental

Technology Extending Global EnterpriseTransitions (Lan and Unhelkar, 2005) to Mobile Enterprise Transitions



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The Three Dimensions of a Mobile Enterprise The Three Dimensions of a Mobile Enterprise Transition Framework Transition Framework

MobileEnterprise

Transformation

Devices;Networking;

Security;

Users; Employees;Privacy; Health;

Trust; Convenience;

Business Processes;

OrganizationalStructures Technology

Methodology

Sociology



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M-Transformation AdvantagesM-Transformation Advantages

Personalization of customer service Improve projected image of Business

Dynamic customization of products and services depending on the location and density of potential customers at

a particular time and place. Flexibility in the workplace

Potential for Telework Potential for Improved Employee Morale

Increased internal business process efficiency HR; Supply Chains; etc.

Better information flow between systems Decisions can be taken quicker by making the necessary

information available between systems Potential for Integrated decision Making by Bringing decision

makers Together



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Case studies in Mobile BusinessCase studies in Mobile Business

Travel & Travel & TourismTourism

Travel & Travel & TourismTourism EntertainmentEntertainmentEntertainmentEntertainmentHealthHealthHealthHealth

Individual & Community;Queues in Emergency;Ambulances;

GovernanceGovernanceGovernanceGovernance SecuritySecuritySecuritySecurityBanking &Banking &FinanceFinance

Banking &Banking &FinanceFinance

International Coverage; Timely Updates. RFID;

Mobile Video Market

Instantaneous Balances;Loan cycle reduction;

Application to an Australian City councilFocus on Individual due to Uniqueness of Mobile devices

Mobile Agents; Portable PKI;Mobile Payments;

© w

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.meth

od

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Mobility: Emerging Mobility: Emerging Sociological IssuesSociological Issues

Security, Privacy, Ethics, Mobile Customers



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A Conceptual Framework and Propositions for the Acceptance A Conceptual Framework and Propositions for the Acceptance of Mobile Services of Mobile Services (Godbole, N., IMB2006 Conference 13-16 Feb’06, Sydney)



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The Personal CommunicatorThe Personal Communicator

Move from a telephone per household to a telephone per person

The Personal Communicator will be a mobile device; not a fixed phone

The telephone will not only be a converged multimedia communicator (voice, data and video), but also an entertainment and PDA device



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Mobile Cultural VariationsMobile Cultural Variations(Das, Wang and Lei, HRMB, 2006)

Attitude: Killing vs Saving time Movement: Public transport vs Car Role: Lifestyle vs Business Peer group: Teens vs Fire brigade Pricing: Free connects vs Paid calls

Party responsible for payments (self – parents)

Social Isolation vs ‘m’ Community



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Security & PrivacySecurity & Privacy

Policies to deter Mobile phones in: Secured areas Social areas where large number of people

gather (such as sports and entertainment venues)

Mobile Phones Camera Policy – ACS initiative (Abood, C., HRMB) Privacy laws need redefinitions.



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ConclusionsConclusions

Mobility influences Informative, Transactive, Operative and Collaborative aspects of Business

Mobile Enterprise Transition requires careful execution of an “MET” Process

“Mobilization” has 3 dimensions: Technology, Methodology and Sociology

Social dimension may prove Most Challenging.

Do you see Do you see what I see?what I see?

dr bhuvan unhelkar presentation "mobile business"

Documents

mobile business ideas

mobile business arguing

business security

todays business

curve true mobile business

mobile crm

mobile themes

business themes researchers