dr ~iimuw ti

dr dd-. < ' I IO111f l lT ...................................................................... ~ I I M U W : a U U TI............. ......... ..

........................................................................................................................................................................................... . SLIT-

awards this

~e r t i bca te of Appreciation

Rachata Chaimuang for having presented his paper

Strengthening of Tourism Networking: A Case Study of Administrative Organization Area in Pongyeang

Sub-District, Maerim District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand

at the

ft SAS, International Integrated Conference 2012 on 13 - 16 December 2012 at School of Administrative Studies

Maejo University, Chiangmai, Thailand th

Given this 16 day of December 2012

Drsomkid Kaewthip Assoc, Prof. Dr. Chalermchai Panyadee Director, School of Administrative Studies Organizing Chairman and Vice President for Networking Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand and Development, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

ASIA TODAY: QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ' Well-beiixg, Agricrtltrtre nrrd Politics'

This publication is issued as thc proceedings of the 1'' SAS, Maejo University International Integrated Conference 20 12 on Asia Today: Questions and Answers held in ihe School of Administrative Studies (SAS), Maejo University, Chiang Mai Thailand 13- 16 December 20 12.

Published by:

SchooI of Administrative Studies (SAS) hlaejo llniversity 63 Moo 4 Chiang Mai - Plirao Koad, Sansai, Chiang Mai 50290 Thailand wwcv.sas.tnju.ac.th, htt~:1/~~~~w.tniuasiatoday.cod

School of Administrative Studies (SAS), Macjo University ' No part ol'this publication may bc rcproduccd or transmitted in any forms or by means, cIectronic or mechanical, 1101 know11 or heretofore invented, wiihoul permission in writing fronl thc pubIisher.

School of Administrative Studies Macjo University

This is the proceetiings for the 1" SAS, Maejo University International Intcgrated Conference 20 1 2 with the tllenle Asin Todny.. Q~ICSI~OIIS ~ t t d At~.r+wers - JYcli-beirtg, Agriciilture und Pulifics; which was held at the School of Adrninistrativc Studies (SAS), Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand in 15 to 16 December 201 2.

The vision of every people in Asia Pacific is to live happier, healthier and more fulfilIing lives. Our region is cha~lging fast and challenges around increased urbanization, changing lifestyles, educatio~r, rcchnology, climate change, and increased dcmand for better well-being. Left unbridled, all damages will lead to social unrest panic~~larly among ASEAN ecorlonlic cotnmunities. Bearing at1 thesc in mind and in collaboration o f thc university's activities on To~c.arrls ASEAhr Ecot~omic Comnttrt~ilies 2015, the Scl~oo l of Administrative Studies has organized i ts 1" Iritcrr~ational Integrated Conference 2012 on Asia Today: Questions and Answers to etlcourage everyone to work closeiy together io come up with ideas and approaches to continuously address the economic, environment, and psycho-social chalter~ges that Asia faces today.

-

The conference \sfas aimed to build a platform allowing illtcresied participants to sllarc and discuss rcscarch undertakings, programs, and projects, as well as issues and ct?llcerils from \.arious persoccrives in the aspects of' wcll-being agriculture. and poIitics in hSEt \N cconomic c o m ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ i t i e s . The corifcrer~ce further aimed lo cunsolidale the

undertakings and to delermine conucrpnce pathivays through collaborative efforts towards a greater cltsngc and significnllr impact on development in we1 I-being, ngriculture, atid po I itics i n -4sia.

I

The reatization o f tliis conference will1 published procccdings \\*as diic to the crlilective team efforts of rnnny people. The co~lfcrcnce organizing committee owe a significa~tt dcbt o f gratititdc to ~llnny individuals. To tlris, nlost heartfelt gratitude is convcycd to ~ h c paper and pancl preseliicrs as wclj as the conference sessions chairs, co-chairs, and facilitalurs for their contriburior~ of expertise, time, and emorts. Special thanks are due to the Paper Review Panel who spared their precior~s t i~nc and efforts to review and edit ttlc papers. Cornmendation is also accordcd for the support and encouragements by the academic, ad~ninistrative slaff, and graduate students of tllc School of Adn~inistrative Studies.

Finatly, the School of Admiriistrative Studies wish to thank Asst. Prof. Dr. Charnt~iar~ Yosraj, President of Macjo U~~ ivc rs i t y for all the support that has made the conference a real iza'tion. -

December 20 12

Organiziug Comtnincc The I " SAS, Maejo International Integrated Conference 201 2

School of Administrafivc Studies Maejo University

iii

Conference Committee

Asst Prof. Dr. Chamnian Yosrsj

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Clkalermchai Panyadce

Dr. Somkid Keawtip

Dr. Johnny Laurcnce S. Cilo

University President Maejo University

Organizing CIlairman Maejo University

Co-Chair Maejo Uriiversity

Secretariat NVSUMaejo University

Organizing Advisory Comrnittcc

Assoc. ProT. Dr. TIlep Phongparnich

Asst. Prot. Dr. Prad tnna Yossuck Dr. Chonlci~uan Dooonriahong + ,. Asst. Prof. Dr. Hualiucl~mas Ek-iam Asst. Prof. Dr. S i ~ ~ t l t Sarobol Dr. Sirtchada Sailhi

Proceedings Erliforial 'ream I

Assl. Prof. Dr. Pratitana Yossuck Miss. Suc had3 Sait t~i Dr. Johnny Lauretlce S. GiIu

Former President, Macjo University Lecturer, SAS I,ecturci, SAS Lecturer, SAs I.ecturcr, SAS Lcclurer, SAS Lecturer, SAS

Lecturer, SAS Lecturer, SAS Assoc. Prof., NVSU/ Visiting Rcscarcher, SAS, Maejo University

Paper Rcvicnl Conirnittcc

Assoc. Pruf. Dr. Chalernlchai Panyadce Asst. Prof. Dr. Pradtana Yossuck Asst. Prof. TI r. Uonkochams Ek-lam Asst. Prof. Dr. Sin th Sarubol Dr. Meil~ee Payomyona, J Dr. Chomchuan Roonrahong Dr. Chahvat Norrat Dr. Sarapa Suttarin Mr. Jirapong C h a i c h a ~ w o n g Mr. Rujadon Nunthacharuk

Chaiman

School of Administr~tive Studies Macjo University

Program Overview

1 08.00 - OK30 I Conference Registraf ion

December 13-1 d ('l'hursday, Friday) 2012: Study Tour Dccembcr 15 (Saturday) 20 12

Time Morrritrg SL'SS~OII

Opening Ceremony Welcomc Address

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Chalermchai Panyadce VP for Networking nevelaptncnl

Maejo University

Activities

1 O 8 . > O - 08-35

-

IospirationaI Messagc Asst. Prof. Dr. Chamnian Yosraj

University President

I Maejo University

Cultural Performance, SAS Sti~dents

Prof. Dr. Vandana Shiva Director for Research Foundation, Technology and

Ecology, lnd ia

09.00-12+00 nuon

Dr. Dashio Karma Ura President, Centre for Uhutan Studies

B h ~ ~ t a n

Plenary Scssion: "Conccpis and Linkagc on Well- being, Agriculture aud Politics"

Prof. Suluck Siwaluck Founder, Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundattion,

Thailand

moder rut or: Prof. Dr. Uthai Dulyakasern 1:ormer President, siIpakorn Universiry, 'rhailand

Parallel Paper Presentation on: AgricuIturc, Politics, and Well-being

I

L h:OO - S:OO Welcon~e Dinner and Cultural Exchange Pany

12:OO - I :00

Vcnuc

SAS Building

L U N C H

Schoal a l Adrninistmtive Studies Maejo University

Program Overview

8:30 - 9:OO I Cultural Prese~itation

- December 16 (Sunday) 2012 Time

Mo rtzirlg Sessiott 8:OO - S:30

"Current Situation on Agriculturc, Politics and Well-Being in Asia"

PIenary Presenlers frattl: Bhutan

Cambodia Laos PDR Malaysia Myanrnar

Phi lippines Thailand Vietr~ari~

Act iv i tics

Conference Rc~islration

9:OO - 10:30

Networking arld Action Planning (Eased on Issuc Organizer)

Plcnary Presentation

ssion I: Organic Agricultural Scholars Network and Action Rescarch Model hetwecn Ecological arid

Industrial Agriculture. Mocl~rufor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Unchalee Sn~~guanpong Director, Organic Agriculture It~novat ion Ner work.

I Session 2: Organic Youth Farmer: l'owards Orgarlic Asia

~Lfoduralor: Thanapo Klieolamai Coordi~~ator, Towards Organic Asia

Sassion 3: Towards Fair Corltracl Farming Moderator: Mr. Ubon Yoowah and

Mr. Sumet Panchamlong, DMFK - EU Teat11

Venue

SAS Building

School of Adn~inistrativc Studics Maejo University

Program Overview

Time --

Iay) 201 2 Activities

Session 4: Sustainabfc Agriculture Network : Concepts, Direclions, and Plans for Organic Agriculture Food and Organic Products in

University's Food Cenier. Moderator: Ms. Supa Yai~nuang

Director, Suslainable Agriculture I:n~rndalion or~d Ms. Watrllrpr~ V a n Vi I1 iansvard

Director, Si~an Nguen Mce M a Ltd.

Scssion 5: Buddhist Monks Network for Social and Community Developmenr

Aiodcra~or: Phra Mahn Insorn Kunnawunho Coordinator, Mercy Foundation, Doisakel Te~nple

Chiangmai.

Swsion 6: Local Adm in istratio~~ Orgn[~iziltio~~ Pol icics toward WelI-Being and Agl-icu ltural Dcvclopment

A.lodernfor: Dr. U bor~ Y awni na vichai Depuly Chit$ Dt~ttkiic~~i~ TOIJI bon Adtt~ i ~ t h ~rrrr IOII

Organ izorion Il4~erilt1 Uiv~~*icl CI~icrt~p ~\d(ti . And Ms. Arunee Wicngsang,

I Tllc Thailand Rescarcli Fund, Chiangmai.

Networking and Actiorl Planning (cot~tinuation)

I

~ i e r l a j Gathering (Session Kepresentatives)

12:OO - 1.00

Closing Mcssnge Dr. Somkid Keawthip

Director, SAS, Macjo University

L U N C H

Venue

SAS Building

Closing Ceremony Awarding of Certificates to Participants and Partners

School of Administritive Studies Maejo University

4:30 'Home Sweet Hornc'

Breakout Parallel Sessions

Saturday, 15 Deccmber 2012

Program

Politics and Agriculture session Chairnrun: Ass,. Prof Dr. I~'rrd~rmfl Yosszrck Co-Chair: MI.. .lit*apong C'hnichaw\r~ong

I 1:OO - 5:40

Local Public Policy and Elderly's Physical Activity: A Synthesis Process Development on Local Government (Krissa~la Kapheak) -

Concurrent Scssion I

Factors th Emerge Terrorisn~ in Indonesia (Seniwa~i Isn~ail and Chomp1111 Kac\vsornj

Suppty Chain Siructurc and Ilynanlics of thc llairy Industry o C Canlarines Sur, Hicol. Pliilippiiies (Ma. Crcsilda M. Caning)

Strategy in rhe Devcloplnent of' Organic Vcgctable Varieties in Central I.uzon, Philippines (Norman G. De Jesus)

I Implerncntation and Promotion of One Town One Product: Thc Pampanga Philippines Experience (Ernesto D. Supan)

Location

SAS Hall 1

-

Scl~ool aC Administrative Studics hlacjo University

. -

Apiculture Extension Program: An I~~tegr'ntion o r Politics, Agriculture, and WeII-being (FIorentina S. Dumlao)

... Vlt l


Saturday, 15 Dccember 2012

Concurrent Scssion 2

We [I-Being 1 ,Srx.~ion Chairtt~cm: Dr. Ci~onzchrlun Boonrahong Co-chnir: Ass / . PIT$. Dr. Bun kuchmus Ek-lunr and ASSUC. Pro$ Dr. U?ICI?CI~PP S C I I I ~ L I ~ J I ~ O I I ~

Lifelo~lg 1,carning Practices: Empirical Evidcncc frorn Malaysia (Thi Lip Sam)

-

Legal Awareness and Pel-ceivcd Ethical Leadership of Edc~ca~io~ial Administrators in State Universities and Collcges (S1JCs) in Rcgior~ 3 (Philippines) (Robcl-t 13. Pena)

EXfecls of' Inieractivc Uigiral Game and l'radi tional Media on Srudcnt Achievemci~t: AH Experi~nental Siudy (Ri7.7.la Salas)

Community Crdlegc: An Allernaiive of Higher Education Por .A11 in the Specific Devclop~nent Area of Soulhem Bordcr Thailand (Wanpichit Srisuk)

Mind fi~lness Over Matier For Mainiaining Learning in a h a m With Cross-Cultural Differences (Ravec Phoewhawm)

Changes in Mya~unar: Perspectives from the Rest of thc World (Khin Maung Soe)

Chaos Management: Decoding Thysel Vcs I

Administration from Thai-Filipino Agricultural Entrepreneur (Montira Injai)

Location

SAS It la112

Scl~ool of Administrative Studics Macjo University


Saturday, 15 December 2012

Well-Bcing 2 Session C~U~I -J IZU~I : Asst. Prof Dr. Sinth Su~~abol C'o-chnir : Mr. Rzrch~rdon Nitnihacharuk

Upgrading Cam Sur Ecotourism through Value Chain Approach (I-ianily n I.lidalgo)

Location

SAS Hall 3

Time

1:OO - 5:30

Managerial Administration Situation and 11n~&ls of Hume Stay Tourism: A Case Study of Phu Thai Communities i11 Northeastern ThaiIand (Thanya Parkpian)

Program

Concurrent Session 3

Strengthening of l'ourisrn Networking: A Case S ~ u d y of Administrative Organization Area in PongYaeng, Sub-district, Maerinl District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand (Ratchata Chaimuang)

Agro-tourism Strategies for Farmers in Banaue. lfi~gao: The Philippines (Johnny LS Gilo)

Bluning the Borders: Thai-Sino Growing Interdependence (Francisco lavier Haro Navejas) '

Sct~ool of Administrative Studies Maejo University

- Authentic Leadership of LocaI Govcmment Organizations Administrators in Upper Northern 'Thailand (Suchada Saithi)

Author Index

B Balila, Jolly S. Bordado, Georgina J . Bunoan, Rhoda S.

C Camangian, Aloise R. Calling, Ma. Criselda M. Carig, Elizabeth T. Chaimuang. Rachata Chl~orng, Rong

Crux, Josephinc F.

D Dabo 111, Salvador J . Dayag. Dina Marie C. n e Jesus, N o m a n G . Llomlao, Flm-entina S. Dugyon, Eva Maric C.

E Ek-Iem, tionkochmas

G GiIo, Johnny 1,aurence S. Garnurvang, Maricel

H Ilidalgo, Hanilyn

I Indunan, Deo G. Injai, Montira IsmaiI, Seniwati

J Jasrnin-Yra, Arlyn

Scllool of Administrative S tudics Mnejo University

K Kaewson, Chornpun 2 Kapheak, Krissana I Kca.rvthip. Somkid 13.17

L Llana, Leo

M Maghirang. Rodel G. 5 ~ a n i ~ o i Arturo M. 5

N Navcjas, Francisco Haro Javier 22

0 Orpiada, Cesar 1'.

P Palilieng, Jonar B. Pangilinan, Emmanuel C. Panyadee, Chalermchai Parkpian, Thanya Payornyong? MetIlee I'ena, Robert B. Phoelrrha~vm, Ravcc Phongparnich, Thep

S Saithi, Suchada Salas, Rizzla- Sam, Thi Lip SaIvador, Isabel F. Sapituia, Benjamin P. Sarabol, Sinth Sito, Apolonios Soc, Khin Maung Srisuk, Wanpichit Supao, Erncsto D.

School of Administrative Studies Maejo University

xii

T Thongma, Weerapon Tubias. Victoria

V Valdez, Cynthia Grace T. Vitto, Jireh Rcinor L.

School of Administrative Studies Macjo Univcrsity

Table of Contents (Arranged by schedule of Presentation)

Paper Presentations


Local Public Policy and Elderly's Physical Activity: A Syntliesis Process Development on Local Government fiissana Kapheak

Factors the Emerge Terrorism in Indonesia Senirilu~i Is~nail and Chontprln Kae~vsonr

Supply Chain Structure and llynarnics of the Dairy Industry of Camarincs Sut, Bicol, Philippines -

ltln Cresilda M. Caning

Strategy in the Developn~ent of Organic Vcgetable Varieties in Central Luzon, Philippines i \ i 'o/-t~~~n C;. IIL' JCSIIS

Iniptcrnentation and Pro~notion of One Town One Product: l ' l ~ e Pampanga Philippines Experienice EI.ITC.S~U D. Srcpatr

Apicultl~rc Extension Program: AII Integration of Politics, Agriculture. 8 and Well-being Florcnfi~m S. Dtu~~luo

Concl~rrent Session 2

Lifelgng 1,earning Practiccs: E~npirical Evidence from Malaysia Thi L?p Sarn

Legal Awareness and Perceived Elhical Leadership of Educational Administrators in State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) in Region 3 (Philippines) Robert B. Pena

Effects of Interactive Digital tiamc and Traditional Media on 1 1 Student Achievement: An Experimental Study R i x h Sulas)


xiv

Community College: An Alternative of Higher Education for all in the Specific Development Area of Southern Border Thailand ifinpichi/ Srisuk

PvIindfulness Over Matter For Maintaining l,carning in a Team with Cross-Cultural Differences Ravee Phoelvha~vtn

Changes in Myanmar: Perspectives from the Rest of the World Khin Maung Sue

Chaos Management: Decoding ThyseI Ves Administration from Thai-Filipino Agricultural Entrepreneur ~Motltirtr Injirli


Upgrading Cam Sur Eco tourism through Value Chain Approach !hrni!J/ r f~ i~ ic l /go

MatlagcriaI Adluinistration Situation and Impacts of Home Slay Touristn: A Case Study of Phu Thai Communities in Nonheastem Thailand Thutq7u Parkpia17

Strc~~gthcnitig of Tourism Networking: A Case Study of Adminislrativc Organization Arca in PongYaeng, Sub-district, Maerim Disrrict, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand Rarchurcr Chnirn~rl~ng

Agro-tourism Strategies for Farmers in Banaue, Ifugao: The Philippines 20 Johnny LS GiIo

~ l u r r i h ~ the Bdrders: Thai-Sino Growing interdependence Francisco ~ u v i e r Hnro Nuvejas

Authentic Leadership of Local Government Organizations Administrators in Upper Northern Thailand Slttchada Saiihi

Improving the Quality of Life of Livelihood Program Beneficiaries: 24 A Case in Silang, Cavite, Philippines Jolly S. BaliIa


Decentralization in Cambodia: A Closer Look at the Conlmune Rottg Chhorng

Traditional Medicines of thc Bugkalot Tribe: A Case Study in I-andi ngan, Nagti punan, Quirino Phil ippines Cyt~lhia Grace T. V a k h

Research Capabilities of Sekcted Higher Education Institutions in Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) and Cagayan Val ley Region (CVR) Deo G. Indunan

School of Administratitte Studics Macjo University

Thc I" SAS, Macjo International Integrated Conicrencc 20 12 Asia Today: Qucst ions and Answers - 'Well-bcitrg, Agricrrlttire nfrd Polifii's' 15-16, Dcccmber 2012, SAS, Macjo University

PAPER PRESENTATIONS

Politics and Agriculture


The 1" SAS, Maejo Internationat Irltcgratcd Confcrcnce 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'FVcl/-bcit~g, Agrictrlrrrrc a~rrl Politics' f 5-16, Deccmbcr 2012, SAS, hlacjo University

LOCAL PUBLIC POLICY PARTICIPATION ON THE ELDERLY'S PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: A SYNTIJESIS PROCESS

DEVELOPMENT O N LOCAL GOVERNMENT

Krissana Kapheak Hcal th Promotion Region 10

Prachasunlpan rd. T.Changklan A-Meung Chiangmai Province, 501 00 Thai land

kapheak!G?~mai I.corn

and

Asst. Prof. Dr. Sinth Sarohoi School of Adn~ir~istrative studies (SAS) Maejo University,

T. Nong Han A.Sansai Chia~~gmai Province, 50290 - Thailand ssarobulG.val~oo.conl

This synthesis article is a part of an ongoing rcscnrch project on developing a local public policy of elderly par~icipation in local go\rer-~~~~~c-nt. 111 studying this fielti. the ubjcctivcs for this work are as followed: ( 1 ) the situatio~~ and [rends of aging health problems, (2) public policy developmen1 process ol' local participation in physical activily for the elders. This synlhesis uses the framework in thrcc parts: I ) Process of creating local participatory public policy, 2) 'Ihe local participatoq pr~blic policy implemcntalion, 3 ) Process of moni tnri ng and evaluating local par~icipatory public policy implementation, (3) gi~idcl i ncs for health pro~notion with local pub1 i t policy process. 'She pcriod nf operation in applying rhe synthesis took lhree months in which the project raised the importan! researcll question - -'tlow sho~~lrl the process devslop~nent on public policy by !he local govcrnrncnt for local participation in activity for the elders be devclopcd?"

The results were synthesized: situatio~, and trends or aging health problems found that non-communicable chronic discases had increased. Ttiis situation is relative io the cost of medical carc which the government has to pay for each year. Thus the urgent need lo prcparc for the situatior~ is used as promoting local public policy involvement which will bc a key strategy for the local govemnlent. 2 l e focal public policy invoivetnent process will bc 111anaged under the cooperation o f all sectors. This is for proactively solving [he health problem and ~nccting with the community's needs on emphasizing the process for healtll promotion. It is used as a strategy to reduce morbidity and modality of the people as well as for promoting a better quality of life.


The I" SAS, Macjo international Integrated Conrerence 201 2 Asia Today: Questions and Ans~vcrs - 'IVcli-hcitrg, Agricrrltrrrc atrrl Politics' 15-16, Decenlber 2012, SAS, Maejo U ~ ~ i ~ e r s i t y

FACTORS THE EMERGE TERRORISM IN INDONESIA

Seniwaf i lsn~ail In~crt~atioual Relarions Deparln~ent

Ph.I). Ca~~didait.. Social and Politic Facully I-Iasanuddin Uniuersit~.. South Sulnwesi Province, Indonesia

and

Chumphon Kaewsom Program Inlernational Studies

Ph.D. Student. College of Law Government and International Studies Northcn~ Univcrsi~y of Malaysia

dekio 67~?ho t rna i l . co~

, . 1 his papcr alten~pts to explore [he emergence ofrerrorism in Indonesia. There are four factors thal genurate errori ism in Indonesia which can he called socioeconomic ficlors: political Ibctors, ethnic conflicts ro religious nuances, and intcrnalional lactors. This paper argues tha{ the socioccot~o~nic is not a direct cause of tcrrorisnl in Indonesia. Contrary, this ~+escarch points OLII that poliiical factor such as, press freedom, as part and parcel o f civil liberties, n ~ a y induct: possible terrorist incident and crcale an additional i ~ ~ e n t i v c for terrorisu-r. Moreover, in this paper we discuss the history of the ethnic coni'licts and tcnsions running so high. the stigmatization o r all radical Muslim violence may only serve Io further conlplicate thc situation become terrorism. I-it~all y, ill tcnlatjonal ibctors are powerfu t prcdic~os of tel~orism.

School of Administrative Studics Maejo University

The 1" SAS, Maejo International Inlegrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Quest ions and Answers - 'IVeii-b'irrg, Agricult~ire nrrd Politics' 15- 16, I)cccmbcr 20 12, SAS, Macjo University

SUPPLY CIIAIN STRUC'rURE AND DYNAMICS OF THE DAIRY 1Nl)US'I'RY OF CAMARINES SUR, BICOL, PHILIPPINES

Ma Cresilda M. Caning Col legc of Economics and Management

Cctltral Bicol Stale University of Agriculture Pili, Camarines Sur, PhiIippines

~ r i eel ann(~,~~ahoo.com.au

Josephine F. Cruz College of Economics and Management

Central Hicol State University of AgricuIture Pili, Carnarines Sur, PhiIippines

- and

1)r. Georgina J. Bordado Colltgc of f conomics and Ma~ragement

C'o~~tral Hicnl Statc University of Agriculiure Pili, Calllarilles Sur, Philippines

Dairy milk production in [he country is less than one pcrccnt of its total annual dairy requiremen1 with i~nporl filling most of the supply requirc~nent. 'So help ease the probIem, the government has been encournging industry efforts to increase dairy production through the cstablishnlcnt o f dairy zones. By 2001, 15 dairy zones have been cstablishcd i t ] thc cou~ltry including the three dairy zones in the Ricol Region, Camarines Sur Dairy Processi~lg Plan1 in Pili, Camarines Sur, Sorsogon Dairy Plant in Cabidan, Sorsogon City and the Albay Dairy Plant in Canaway, Malilipot, Albay. The estahlishmznt of the dairy zone in Carnarincs Sur is mcant to respond to the nlalnutrition problenl being experienced by the province by ensuring adequate supply of milk for its schoolchildreu.

The research looks at the supply chain structure and dynamics of the dairy industry of Canmines Sur to generate relevant information that can be used to monitor and evaluate the progress at' the interventions introduced in the province as well as to evaluate performance efficiency of the chain. Survey and Key Informant interview was done to gencrate thc necessary information.

There are factors which drives development of the local dairy industry such as increased customer demand, access to technical support both from the government and private sector and more proactive dairy players. The dairy zone model is

School of Administrative Studies Macjo Universily

The ~"'sAS, Macjo International lntcgratcd Coniercncc 2012 Asia Today: Quest ions arid Answers - 'IYell-being, Agricrrltitre atrd Polifics' 15- 16, Decern bcr 201 2, SAS, Maejo Universiiy

successli~l in increasing milk production to fill some of the supply requirements of the province as well as in responding to the malnutrition problem of the province.

Howcver, production efficiency at the farm levcl couId still be improved to increase level of productivity of the entire chain. Thc interdependent nature of the chain calls for all stakeholders to work together. The local dairy farmers nced processors to buy [heir milk, for the primary cooperatives, they have to strictly tnonitor and supervise production and marketing operations of their members while processors such as the Camarines Sur Dairy Processing need acccss to sustainable milk supplies to be profitable.


- Thc I" SAS, Macjo lntcrnational tnlegrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Qucs t ions and Answers - 'IVeil-being, Agriculture nmd Pnlitirs' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

STRATEGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OIiGANIC VEGETABLE VARIETIES IN CENTRAL LUZON, PIIILIPPINES

Norman G. Dc Jesus Institute of Agriculture Systems and Technology

Pampanga Agricultural College, Philippi~les nomandciesus2005~,vahoo.con1.~h

Ernmanuel C. Pangilinan Alternative Low Input Agriculture System

Pampanga Agricultural Collegc, Philippines

Cesar F. Orpiada Alternative Low Input Agriculture System

Pampanga Agricultural College, Philippin-es

Arturo 0. Manipon Central Luzon State University, Philippines

Dinah Marie C. Dayag Bulacan Agricultural State College, Philippines

and

Kodel G. Maghirang University of Philippines at Los Banos- Ir~stitute of Plant Breeding, Philippines

Wirh lhe l'l>ilippine's Dcpactment of Science and Technology-Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Dcvclopment (DOST- PCAAKRD) funding support, a national program was implemcr~ted to address the concerns of organic agriculture sector particularly to ensure the availability of organic vegetible varieties. Various institutions were involved to carry out this program which includes: two breeding institutions, two government owned colleges, two governn~ent owned universities, five organic farmers organizations, three government agencies, ten individual farmers, and five Iocal government units.

Mcmorandums of agreements (MOAs) were undertaken reflecting and delineating participation and expectations of each party.

Nine vegetable crops were identified and considered in this project namely: Eggplant, Lady finger, String bean, Squash, Pechay, Muskmelon, Bitter gourd, Onion and


The I" SAS, Maejo Intcrnationai Intcgratcd Confcrenrc 2012 Asia Today: Quest ions and Answers - ' FVeIf-beiltg, Agricrdfrire o11r1 Politics' 15-16, Deccmbcr 2012, SAS, Maejo University

Tomato. Initially, each crop started with five entries which were uscd further for yield trials. Said entries were solicited and obtained from UPLB-IPB and Central Luzon State University, land races from farmers of various municipalities of Parnpmga and other breeding insiitutions. The initial evaluation trial of such crop entries were conducted and exposed to a very minimal applicatiori or cultural management and farm iriputs.

Those crops which performed very well under such problematic conditions were subjected to replicated yield trials, check varieties werc used and planted along with Ihe crop selections under organic gardens and imposcd organic product ion systems. All selections that surpassed the yield or were at par with the yield of the commercial chcck were further evaluated both on station and at farmer's field level.

SchooI of Administrative Studies Maejo University

Thc 1" SAS, Maejo International lntcgraled Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Ans~r,crs - ' H'eiI-being, Agriclt i~i~rc otrd Politics' f 5-16, Dcccrnbcr 2012, SAS, Maejo Univcrsily

IMPLEMENTA'I'ION AND' PROILIOTION OF ONE TOWN ONE PRODUCT: THE PAMPANGA, PHILhPPINES EXPERIENCE

Dr. Ernesto D. Supan Professor and Reseatchcr

institute of Agriculture Systems and Technology Pampanga Agriculrural College, Pl~ i l ippines

[email protected],

and

Norman G. De Jesus Professor and Reseatchcr

Al~ernative Low Input Agriculrurc System Ccnter & Institute of Agricr~lture Systems and Technology

Pampanga Agricultural College, Philippines

In thc Pl~iljppincs~ "One TOWII One Product" is an economic stratcgy designcd and inlplcinctltcd lo spur econo~nic aciivi~y by ~-)ron~oting and supporting the bcst product of a particular village or corntnu~rily. Pa~npanga is a province in Cen!ral Luzon and is 60 kilotnetecs or abouc half hour drivc horn ManiIa. I t 1x1s 20 ~liunicipalitics or Iocal government units (1,C;lls) and t w o cities. Of thc total 22 LGUs, 12 arc food producing towns-related and the ~ t h e r 1 0 are citl~er furniture, mclal craft or dkcor producers and lhesc ate considered as their OTOP.

Headed by the Department olhl'rade and industry (IITI), various government iasirumentalities arc supporting the program wberc thc local executives of each local government units art: thc main players in t e rm ol' identification and decision regarding the product as well as ~rnrciuring its implementation. Indicators show that the success of its implementa~ion and promotion are anchored on the hllow~ng: ( I ) aggressive participation of local gojlernment executives. (2) strong partnership and cornplen~entatian of concern agencies, (3) continuing product development, (4) markst matching and promotion, ( 5 ) incerltive and institutionalization of awards system.

On the o tlter hand, ~ller-e arc also perceived factors that needs to bc assessed to further accelerate atfainmen1 of the main goal: (1) Although there are available financing facilities for the slakeholdcrs, a more friwdly and accessible financing scheme is the frequently pcrccived top concern of the product rnan~lfacturers to fi~rther help them expand their production capacitj*, (2) technical assistarlce lo riew industry players, ( 3 ) OTOP as an integral part of tourism industry should be supporied through intensive marketing and promotion.

Schooi of Arlrr~irristxa tivc Studies Macjo University

The IflSAS, Macjo Intcrr~ationaf Integratcd Conference2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answcrs - 'IVell-bcittg, Agricrrlttire otld Politics' 15-1 6, acccm ber 201 2, SAS, Macjo University

APICULTURE EXTENSION PROGRAM: AN INTEGRGTiON OF POLITICS, AGRICULTURE AND WELL-BEING

Dr. Florentina S. Dumlao University President

Nueva Vizcaya State University (NVSU) 3700 Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, Pllilippines

Dr. Benjamin P. Sapitula University President

Don Mariano Marcos State University Bacnotan, La Union, Pl~ilippines

and

1)r. ApoIonio S. Sito Dircctor, Don Maria110 Marcos State university

Bacnolan. La Union, Philippines '

I n thc Philippi~les. [hc ititegralion ol- political leaders in legislating 11ationaI policies lo eslablish cstc~lsio~i progress arc part oS the- government's priority roadmap. This is done basically to promole the general "well-being" of the Filipino people.

One of the country's ag14cultt1ral programs that cover organic agriculture and well- being is apiculture. Apiculture as a con~modity was established ttuough the collaboration of the local and national leaders. It started, as a ccnter in 1991 (Apiculture Training and Development Ccntcr) and after 10 pears, it become a national institute (Nalional Apiculture Research, 'I'raining and Developinei~t Institute) serving thc country to educatc and train beekeepers, conduct research and ex tcnd technologies.

The pron~otion of apiculture prograln is done through the utilization of various extension strategies such as: systcms approach; participatory and forward and backward linkages. Programs cxrc~lded hllows the research and extension frameivork to ensilre that productivity indicators are addressed, such as: empIoyrnent generation; income and empowerment. ..

As to its contribution to organic agriculture, honeybees are beneficial insects that produce honey, pollen, royal jelly, propolis, bee venom and beeswax which is organicaIly produccd. Rees are considered pollina~ors that aid fruit setting and fruit development.

For well-bcing, the producls promote health and nutrition, pharmacological and industrial uses.

School of Administrative Studies Macjo Univcrsity

The I" SAS, Maejo International Integrated Conference 20 f 2 Asia Today: Questions and Anslvcrs - 'FYell-bei~ig, Agricitlfrtre a~rd Politics' 15-16, Dcccrnbcr 2012, SAS, Maejo University

-.

PAPER PRESENTATIONS

Well-Being


The 1" SAS, Macjo International Inlcgratcd Conference 2012 Asia Today : Qu cslions and Answers - 'JYell-bring, Agric~tlturc anrl Politics ' 15-16, Dcce~~i l rer 2012, SAS, Maejo University

LlFELONG LEARNING PRACTICES: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA

Dr-Thi Lip Sam Centre for University-Industry Collaboration

University U t m Malaysia Isthi@,,uum.edu.mv

'The LLL agenda plays an in~portant role in a nation's education system. This paper discusses the practices of l,I,L in Malaysia. lt also aims to highlighl current issues of who are Lhe partics involved, types of programmes being orrered, and its relaliorl in helping the nation to strength its human capital towards achieving a developed nation by year 2020. A web survey was conducted on all public universities and selected private universities to examine their participation in providing liklong learning programmes. The resuIts show that most of the programmes offered were academic in nature ranging horn certificate to post-graduate qualifications such as masters and Ph D. Ho\irever, there is duplication in terms of programmes being offcrcd among thesc lifelong learning providers. f:urthcrmore, only lim i tcd technical and vocational LLL programmes arc bcing oikred by these inslitutions. Several other issucs sucll as linancing. ii~nited choices oC programmes, recognitiorl of work experience and prior learning affecting the uptake of' lifelong learning among Malaysian \vere also highlighled.

SchooI of Adrninistrativc Studies Maejo Universi*

The 1" SAS, Maejo I~~tcrnational Integrated Conference 201 2 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Well-bci~tg, Agricrri~rc and Pulifics' 15-16, Dcccniber 2012, SAS, Rlaejo Univcrsity

LEGAL AWARENESS AND PEKCEIVED ETHICAL LEADERSHIP OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINlSTRATORS IN STATE

UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES (SUCs) IN REGlON 3

Dr. Robert P. P e n i ~ Pampanga Agricultural College

Magalang, Parnpanga 201 1 Philippines,

karina pena2~~vahoocon1

This study investigated the legal awareness of educational administrators on educational laws, labor laws, Philippine Constitution, Civil Code of the Philippines, Sexual I.1arassmenr Act, Education Act of the Philippincs, and Government Service Insurance Act. In addition, the educational administrators' perceived cthical leadership behavior (ELB) was established to detcrtnine he match between I 3 , H and legal an7areness. A dcscriptive type of research was utili~ed to correlate respoudents' e~hical leadership bct~avior (ELB) and legal awnreness. An ELR scale was dralvn from thc studies of Brown, Trevino, and llzlrrison (2005) and a legal an7areness lcst (L.41') was consiructed by the researcher. The content of the LAT are cases drawn from tlie decisions of the Supreme Court in the Phitippines (Criminal I.a\v. 1957 Phi lippine Consti tt~tion, Civil Code of the Philippines. Sexual I larassrnent Act, Education Act of the Philippines, and Government Service Insurance Act). The result sIlo\ved that respondents strongly value profcssional code of clhics in maiters of legal decisions; however, results also indicated respondenis' need to be legally aware on Criminal and Educarional Laws.

School of Administrati*e Studies Macjo University

T l ~ c 1" SAS, hfaejo International l l~tcgratcd Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Allslycrs - 'IYcii-bcitrg, AgricrrIllrrc unrl Pulifics' 15-16, Dccenibcr 2012, SAS, Maejo University

EFFECTS OF INTERACTIVE DIGITAL GAME AND TRADITIONAL MEDIA ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT:

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Hiznla Saias Faculty of lnforma~ion and Communication

Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, ThaiIand rizzlas~,~rnail.corn

This study compared the extent of student achievement in the cogni live and psychornotor domains upon use of an interactive digital game and print 111cdia. Students' attitudes toward the use of thc interactive digital game and print media were also expIored. Mixed methods rcsearcl~ with pretest-posttest control group design was employcd. Samples consisted of 60 Thai undergraduate stude~cs of Maejo University, Chia~lg Mai who were assignzd to experimental and control groups by random selection. The espcrimental group used Ererrml Story digital game to Iearn sclectcd lessons in Funda~nciltals of Englisll while the control group used a prinl media to t earn similar lessotls. The instrun~enis cu~nprised of cogni tivc and psychonlotor dornai n achievement rests and survey questionnaires. Results of independent samples t-tcst showed that llle interactive digital gamc was no( HS effective in increasing krlowledgc and skills of students when comparcd with a prini media. I'rint media users reported significant higher gain scores ( X - 2 1 . I 7) in t hc cogrli t ive domain achievemetit tcst compared with the interactive digital game users (f=I2.17). I,ikcwisc, print media users rcportcd significant higher gain scores (2=24.33) in the psychornotor dirrnain acl~ievement lest compared wi[ h t hc jntcractive digital yme uscrs (P18.17). Analysis on students- attitudes indicated thac majority of the inrcractivc digital game users perccivcd the content 01. the game difficult to understand. But overall, [he participants pcrccived the interactive digital game eriective. engaging, and helpful in improvi~ig knowlcdgc and skills. On the other hand, majority of the print group participants perceived the content of the booklet easy lo understand because of the organiwlion. lay-out, graphics, and availability of Thai translations.


The 1" 'AS, Maejo Inlernational Ir~tcgrated Conrerelice 2012 Asia Today: Qar?slions and Answers - ' Weli-heirtg, Agricrllfltrc atrd Politics' 15-16? Deccmber 20I2, SAS, Macjo University

COMMUNITY COLLEGE: AN ALTERNATIVE: OF HIGHER EDUCATION FOR ALL IN THE SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENT AREA

OF SOUTHERN BOWDER THAILAND

Wanpichit Srisuk Faculty o f I l umani~ies and Social Sciences

Prince of Sonkla University. Patta~~i. 94001 Thailand ~wanpichitG!ho1maiI.~o~

and

Assoc. I'rof. Dr. Chalcrrnchai Panyadcc School of Admir~isira~ivc Studies (SAS)

Maejo Univcrsi tp. Chiang Mai, 50290 Thailand

The specilic developments area of southcrn Thailand is anothcr one still having a limitation in ihc distribution or an opportuniiy i l l educatiari. The current long-term higher edilca tion plan (2009-2023) places [he i mportnnce 011 the distribution of an opportunity in educa~ion: particularly ill the spcci t ic development area of southern border 'l'llailand. This is because people in this area have been racing Ihe problem of ail opportunity in higlrcr cducation ibr a long time duc to thoir unique mult i-cul~urc (ethic group, language, religion. cul~urc, beliel's, elc.) 'I'his resulls in the differcncc in values and learning ct~lture ol' peoplc in tile area. Moreover, the unpeacchl situations which havc hccn happening in this area sitice 2003 have a direct effcct on quaIily education and poverty. This bccomes ij limiratiorl in higher education pursuing.

l'he irnportar~l mechanism of co~nn~unity colleges in the specific development arca of southern Thailand is the provision of various curricular programs and short -course trainings. ? ' l~e cduca~ionaI management in the past decade still had a limitation. In other words, it could nor be responsive to !he expectation and needs of the multi- cultural society in southern Thailand border. Besides, the community college still could not facilitate the education which is truly consistent to the multi-cultural context. This was because there was no complete decentralization to community colleges. It resulted in lacking of freedom in the developmcnt or the education managenlent system. This was based on curricular programs, teaching and -learning facilitation, educational resources, and quality education assurance which should be consistent to the gco-social condition that was different from other regions of Thailand.

SchooI of Administrative Studies Macjo University

T h e I" SAS, hlacjo International Integrated Canrerencc 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'It'd/-heifig, Agriclrlfltre attd Politics' IS- 16, Dccc~nber 20 12, SAS, Maejo University

MINDFULNESS OVER MATTER FOR MAINTAINING LEARNING IN A TEAM WIT11 CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

Dr. Ravee Plloewhawm I tlternational Busincss Management

Rajan~angla University of Technology Lanna

Dr. Pradtana Yossuck School of Administrativc Studics, Maejo University

Dr. Somkid Kacwthip School of Administrative Studies, Maejo University

and -

Dr. Bongkochnlas Eli-Iem School af Adnli~listrativc Studies. Macjo lJnivcrsity

This study atte~npis to pro~nole the practice of rnind~ulness among i11d ividuals with cross-cultural differences in maintaining learning within their team. The work aims to examine the constraints of learning as a tcam whcrc thcre are cross-cultural differences by addressing tllc following questio~ls: Whar are the cullural dimensions? How can mindfulness be utilized to maintain learning within a tea~n that has cross- cultural differences?

A case analysis was done to depict the issues of cross-cultural differences between two nationals working as a managerial team. The idea is on adopting a mindfulness approach h r maintaining learning among team members so that the issues of cross- cultural differences do not disrupt the team's performance. This study recommends that the human resources practitioner assumes the role of providing psychological security for a cross-cultural team to foster trust among each other's capacity and mainhin their team's performance towards the objectives.


Thc I" SAS, Macjo International Intcgratcd Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'IVclr-bcittg, Agrict~lt;fre orrd Polirics' 15-1 6, nccernber 2012, SAS, Macjo University

CHANGES IN MYANMAR: PERSPECTIVES FROM THE lWST OF TEJE WORLD

Khin Maung Soe Sr. Lecturer, Chindwin College

1 st Batch MBA Programme, University of Mandalay Mandalay, Myanmar

Myanmar (Duma) which is also known as "Golden idand" for its glittering stupas and boundless shinning rice fields was once run by a governlent of the people by the people forthe people for 14 years (from 1948 to 1962). It used to be the rice bowl of Asia and thc most promising country in South-East Asia to become an economic powerhouse. Because of the erratic history of the country, Myanmar fell under the dictatorship of General Ne Win in 1962. I l e country has been misrl~anaged and vcry isolatcd by big brothers for a half of century.

-

, . 1 he riew government in Myanmar that emerged from a general election in November, 201 0 has made a series or liberalising geslures over the past year, raising hupes that it is serious about rnea~lingfi~l political reibrm.Positive changes atter rhe election, the release frotn house-arrest of thc Nobd Laurcate and pro-democracy icon, Aung San Suu Kyi, by-elections i11 20 12 and releascs of political priso~lcrs. and a1 lowing li-ec mcdia to some extent, many observers are conclriding that Myat~tnar is finally embarking on a process ol'genuine democratisation.

The Irr!esr develnpnren{s are cetdrainlq' u step in [he righr direclion, and lluve genercr~ecl r/tlrclt Imo/~e. although thcrc are many chal tenges in political, social and cullural spheres-at'ter all, the country's fundalneutal power stn~cture remains little changed. In (t~eory~ Myanmar has great potential, with vast untapped natural resources and land, along with a large population of some 6Om. I t is already a mcmber of the World Trade Organisation and the Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN). which may evolve into a strong cconoinic comtnunity in the coming decade.

If ll~ings are not exaggerated, M y m a r wi I! deiinilely beconle a new Asia Econornic ~ i g e ; and help determine the destiny of the fastest growing region of the world, the South-East Asia.


The I" SAS, Maejo InternationaI Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Well-beitrg, Agricirlfrrre nlrd Pr)lifics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

CHAOS MANAGEMENT: DECODING TWYSELVES ADMINISTRATION FROM THAI-FILTPINO AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEUR

Montira Cnjai Department af Psychology

Faculty of Social Sciences, Naresuan Universiry Phitsanulok, 65000 Thailand

mtrii@,hotrnail.com

Chaotic situations seem to be the unwanted source of frustration which most entrepreneurs have a hard time dealing with, especially in an agricultural busincss that depends on climatic conditions. Those who are able to handle themselves properly have a greater opportunity to pass die tests that an unpredictable environment brings. This case study, with a heuristic research approach, focused on exploring the sub- pcrsotlalities beneath significant behaviors of the ~nixed-race Thai-Filipino agricultural entrepreneur along his business l i fe-cy cIe. The abjcctive of 111 is study was to understand the inner world of the man who stands between !he border of different cultures that would have merged at the lime of thc ASEAN linkngc to havc one vision, onc idenlily and one comtnunily by 2015. Two major propositior~s can be derived fiiorn this study's findings; one regarding Ibr thc significant traits of c~~trepreneurship for psychological well-being in workplace among chao!ic situation, and the other regarding <he fulure direction for status quo in the cullure clash.

1

Proposition 1: Psychological well-being in workplace can be con~rihutcd fro111 the entrepreneur w11o has resilience, hospitality, and congruence.

Proposjtio~l 2: Culture clash has more impact on the person who holds the personal energy than the impersonal energy.

The study results also showed that the entrepreneur could reach the successful status quo in his business by embracing both parts of his races: I~ospitality as Thai and resilience as Filipinos. Thc most important lcsson for entrepreneurs has been to

beco!ne aware of as wide range as possible of their sub-personalities, to support then] in m3king a pradigm shift between effective follower and efficiency leader in chaos management. ?'hyselves admillistration doesn't offer a single way to success or failure, but focuses on awaretless of which sub-personality, or parts of themselves are suitable in which situatioli at any moment oftime.

School of Administrative Studics Maejo University

The 1'' SAS, Maejo International lnlegrated Confcrcrlce 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answcrs - 'IVel'ell-bcittg, Agricrrllrtr~ nr~d Politics' 15-16, ncccmbcr 2012, SAS, Maejo University

UPGRADING CAM SUR ECOTOURISM THROUGH VALUE CHAIN APPROACH

HaniIyn Hidalgo Instructor I1 I

CentraI Bicol State University of Agriculture, Philippines hanilvn77~vahoo.com

and

Leo Llana Freelance researcher, Philippines

l'he study aimed at increasing the competitiveness of ecotourism in Camarines Sur by assessing the value chain process in the province. 11 explored the ecolourisnl supply chain from fifteen villages to identify opportunities for rural conl~nunities and become sustainably competitive through participatory approach with the stakeholders tvho will take par1 in h e irnptementatiori of the action plans. Cam Sur's ccotourism can hardly stand head-to-l~ead with hat of oilier regions and places due to thc absence of uriiqrier~css in the attractions. However, patronage of the locals and balikbayans can be developed and cxpandcd as wcll as the side trips of domestic and foreign tourists who are into pilgrimage or in sports. Strategics such as enhancing visitor experience and capabilities of totirism service providers were recotnmended. The diverse ecological resources of Mt Isarog, the rich culturaI heritage of Metro Naga, and the powcrhl devotion of tllc local residents lo "Inang Peiiahnncia-" are sufficient reasons to position Camarincs Sur as an eco-cultural destination. While its central district (Nags City) has evolved in bccoming a cosmopolitan community, much of its area is still rural in nature which becomcs an advantage to thc target market of an eco- cultural tourism.


T11c I" SAS, Maejo Internalionat Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'r Yelf-bcirtg, Agriculfrrre n l ~ d Politics' 15-16, Decembcr 2012, SAS, Maejo University

MANAGERIAL ADMINXSTRATION SITUATION AND IMPACTS OF HOME STAY TOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF PBU THAI

COMMUNiTIES IN NORTHEASTERN THAILAND

Thanya Parkpian School of Administrative Studies (SAS)

Maejo Univcrsi t y, Chiang Mai, 50290 Thai land [email protected]

and

Dr. Somkid Keawthip School of Administrative studies (SAS)

Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290 Thailand

This qualitative and quan~itative study was conducted to investigate: I ) cultural contesl and situation in the managcl-ial administratio11 of home stay tourism of Phu Thai cornmur>ities i t1 northcr~~ Thailand aud 2) impacts oT home slay to~~rism on hnuseholds and comn-tunities. In ordcr to rcac11 ~hese objectives, 116 households ol9'ering home stag services and those who were not, 1 X3 touris~s, and 6 concerned government and private agencies wverc chosen as key inlbrrnanls. Locale of thc sludy included Ban Khokkong, Dan Nonhang, Ban Phu, Ban Pao, Ban Noanglom, and Ban I longsacng.

Results of the study rcvealed that Phu Thai upas an etlulic group having a unique identity in tenns of dressing, language, and culturc. Althougl~ there werc somc changes in thcir dressing, some elderliness in Phu Thai communities still used Phu Thai language in communication. However, it was found that the ieenagcrs there became to use thc standard Thai language together with foreign languages but they still conserved Phu Thai language and tradition. There were some Phu Thai still conserved Phu Thai language and tradition. There werc some Phu Thai communities lackivg of some Phu Thai traditional practices. This was due to the economic condition (high cost of living).

Home stay tourism had both positive and negative impacts. That was, there was the occurrence of sideIinc jobs generative incomes to households and communities. It was also thc conservation of Pllu Thai culture more than ever. However, the env ironment-garbage and fume rcleased from tour buses caused environment problems. Besides, the standard Thai language and foreign languages wcrc spoken among people in Phu Thai communities more than ever, which weakened the role of local Phu Thai language.


The 1" SAS, Maejo Inlernatioaal Integrated Conference 20 12 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Well-beittg, Agricrrlitdre and Politics' 15-16, Deren~ her 2012, SAS, Maejo University

The research studied managerial administration aiming to reveal facts and problems of home stay tourism among Phu Thai communities. Four factors of managerial admitlistration including production, demand, strategy, and completion and concemedlsupporting indus~ria1 were studied in the research. There was a similar situation in the managerial administration of home stay tourism among these Phu Thai communities. It was found that the educational a~tainment of most of the tourists in Phu Thai communities was lower than bachelor's degree. They visited there to find knowledge and exchange their culture with people in the communities. The tourist had a moderate level of satisfaction with their visit. Besides, the communities still ncedcd for support and promotion on the strategies management from all concerned agcncics. 'This could be done by connecting it with concerned service industries in the local area.

SehoolofAdn~inistrativeStudies Maejo University

The I" SAS, Macjo International Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'IVelell-beitrg, A g r i ~ I f ~ ~ r c nltd Politics' 15-16, Dcccmbcr 2012, SAS, Maejo University

STRENGTHENING OF TOURISM NETWORKING: A CASE STUDY OF ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION AREA IN PONGYEANG

' . , / SUB-DISTRICT, MAERIM DISTRICT, CHIANG M A 1 PROVINCE, THAILAND

Rachata Chaimuang Master of Arts in Recreation and Tourism Management

School of Tourism Development Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290

rachata.cI~aimuan~~,rz~nail.co~~~

The objectives of this study were to: 1 ) analyze the management of tourism networks in PongYaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerirn district, Chiang Mai province; 2) measure h e strength of tourism networks in PongYaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province and31 identify factors having an influence on the strength of tourism networks in PongYaeng sub- district administration organization area Maerim district, Chiang Mai province. l~cspo~idents i l l this study consisted of 186 I-leads and tourism networks members in I'ongYaeng sub-district administrative organization area Maerim district, Chiang Mai province. A set of quesiion~~aires was used for data collcction and analyzed by using [lie statistical Package for the Social Sciences program.

Kesulls af the study revealed that most of the respondents were home stay nctworks of Baa11 Panokkok. Tin~e span of network establishment was 1-3 ycars. The rcspondenls attended a tourism network n~embers meeting evey threc months. Leaders of the tourism networks \i-cre i i+o~n he election and they wcre allowed to be in the posilian for 2 years. Kcgarding the tourism network management, it was found hat tourism networking in Pang Yncng su b-district adminislrative organization area had clear rules, regulations, and a pracrice guideline. Besides, (here was a designation of team work or adminisiraiive co~n~niltee for the management of the tourism nctworks.

The tourism networks' were financiaily supported by concerned agencies and therc was the preparation of an accounting system. The office of the tourism network was locate'd in Pong Yacng sub-district administrative organization area. There were network connection activities with other nctworks, e.g. tourism colloquium, training, and group discussion. Based on thc strength of the tourism networks in Pong Yaeng sub-district administ rat i vc organimt ion, t hc factor having an influence on the success in network managctnctlt upas tbund at a high level. The following factors were found at u moderate Icvzl : ncttvork components; participation o i network members; and network cot~tiectiun un tourism network management

Scliool of Administrative Studies Maejo University

The 1" SAS, Maejo Intcinational Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'IYetI-bcitlg, Agriculllrre anrl Pn/itics' 15-36, Dcrem ber 2012, SAS, Maejo Ultiversity

AGIZO-TOURISM STRATEGIES FOR FARMERS IN HANALIE, TFUCAO: 'IWE PI1 1 LIPPINFS

Dr. Johnny Laurcnce S. GiIo Assoc. PmE, Nueva Vjzcaya Statc University (NVSIJ) 3700 Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. and.

Visiting Researcher, SAS, Maejo Univcrsi ty Chinng Mai, Thailand Jls gilo~,yahoo.com

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Chalermchai Panyndee Lecturer- SAS, and. Vice President for Networking Uzvelopu~ent

Macjo University, 50290 Chiang Mai, Thailand

Assoc. Prof. llr. Thcp Fhongparnich Lecturer- SAS, Former Universil~l president

Maejo University. 50290 Chiang Mai. Thn i land

Assoc. Pro t Dr. Cll'eerapbnn 'rhongn~a Ilcan. School ot"fourisrn De~elopment (STD)

Maejo Universiry, 50290 Chiang Mai, 'l'hailnnd

and

Dr. Mcthce Payomyong I)ireclor, North 'l'hailand National Strategic and Eco~lotnic Developn~erlt Board.

Chiang Mai, ThaiIand

'The study aimed to desigrl and formulate appropriate strategies geared lowards agro- tourism development in Banaue, Ifugao: ?'he Philippines. The fon~lulated agro- tourism strategies were based on: the readiness of the farmers and tourists specialry operators to participate in agro-tourism activities; environmcntal and social attributes favoyrable to the development of agro-tourism; existing agricultural farming practices, and -general tourism activities. The appropriate agro-tourism strategies will assist the local farmers on the processes and approaches appropriate for their conditions and alternative means for implementation and emphasize on the important future attributes thac are more positive for the entire community, and, wili roster the conservation of resources towards sustainability- The descriptive n~cttlod of social science rcsearch was used in the study.


The I" SAS, Macjo International Integrated Confcrcncc 201 2 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Well-being, Agriculture i~tr i l Polifics' 15-16, December 201 2, SAS, Macjo University

Based on the findings of the study, there evolves a sense 01' readiness among the larmers and specialty operators in Banauc, Ifugao to participate in agro-tourism activities. This sense of readiness is characterized by their strong cultural ioundations which include the committed support of the local govcrnmcnt officials, as well to invest in agro-tourism by utilizing the availabilily and their accessibiliry to the variely of their environmental and natural resources including the existing institutions in their community. The farmers and specialty operators in Banauc, lfugao are equipped wi I h a sense of connection and worth of nature as could bc manifested by heir patiencc to apply indigenous and organic farming in the rice terraces that they have adopted Prom their ancestors including organic farming which warrants ecological integrity of' nature syst'ems.

The designed and formulated appropriate agro-tourism strategies for farmers in Banaue rice terraces are focused on the following major approaches: 1) indigenous intensification and enhancement of agricultural productivity through 'low-cx~cmal- input-sustainable-agriculture (LEISA); 2) Improvement of living ptandards of fannrs and com~nunity stakeholders through generation of quality communiiy-based agrotourism programs for national and international market; 3) Es~ablishinglinkages with government and civil society institutions who art. committed lo support the sustainability of agro-tourism ventures in Banaue, Ii'r~gao; 4) improvirlg by all Illcalls the pron~otion and advertisenlent of agro-tourism to local. t~ational and intertlat intlal markct opportunities. and; 5) cnsuring long-term cornrni~ments for the develop~nent and promotion of sustainable agro-tourism through partnership anti voli~ntary initiatives by all sectors and stakeholders, including initiati \ies to give ind igctlous farmers a share and ownership in the benefits of tourism.

The designed agro-tourism strategies for fariiiers in Hanaue, I fugno: [he Phil ippit~es, providc a multi-dimet~sion approach to simultaneously e n h a ~ ~ c e and support the agriculture and tourism sectors while recognizing and up1 i liing h e econonlic opportunities of the farmers and the communily in Banaue. If~~gacl. Tlie strategies arc designed in such a way that a synchrony exist in its functions and bcnefits tolvards: protection, conservation and protection of the environment at the samc time, sustaining indigenous hrming bascd on rhc fanncr's own knowledge, skills, values, and cdture and institution.


The I" SAS, Maejo International Intqrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Il'ell-beir~g, fIgrir.rrlrr!rc and Pali~ics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

BLURRING THE BORDERS: THAI-SIN0 GROWING INTERDEPENDENCE

Francisco Javicr 1Iaro Navejas Colirna University-Mexico

franciscoiavierharonave~nsiii~c~~~t Iook.com

My paper explains how Thailand and China, even when they lack common administrative territorial contact, have (new) borders that are becoming no boundaries at ail, both in physicaI and symbolic scnsc. Ai this point, my research is morc focuscd pn the second country.

ALong with the venerable concept of' Interdependence 1 have been building a theoretical approach suited to understand Chinese international policies. As long as there is no single theory to understand contemporary Asian social processes, or even C hincse actions for that mauer. Most of existing Intcmational Relations iheories work isolated and they are unidimensional in actors and issues. Therefore my theoretical approach is a multidimensional one, i t encompasses the study of ideas, institutions and interests.

, . I his paper has live main topics-componc~~ts: brict' a~lalysis of the theoretical l i tcratlire, explanation of my thcorctical approac 11, iaurisr~l, security and territorial co~lilicts. At the end, 1 explain some of the theoretical and practical implications of m y proposal.


T h c I" SAS, Maejo International lntcgratcd Confcrcnce 201 2 Asia Today: Questions and Annvcrs - 'JVc'I-bei~~g, Agricrrltrtrc ntrrl Polilics' 15-16, Decernbcr 201 2, SAS, Maejo Univcrsily

AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS ADMINISTRATORS IN

UPPER NORTI 1ERN THAILAND

Suchada SaitIli School of Adminislralive Studies (SAS),

Maejo Univcrsity, Chiang Mai, 50290 'I'haiIand onl1568tZ.hot1nai 1 .corn

Assoc. Prof. I)r. Chalcrmchai l'anyadcc School of Adminislra~ive Studies (SAS),

Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290 Thailand

'I'hc objcc~ives of this sludy nrere to investigate: 1 ) authcntic leadership of local govcrnmenr organization admil~islrators; 3rd 2) network and learning process of thcse auths~ltic leaders. The popularii~n of' ihe srudy covered a total 01' 823 chief execulives

of' sub-dislrict adminis~lation orga~allizations and sub-district rnunicipalitics in upper northern Thailand. The Mixcd blctliud was used. For quantitati\.e research, 270 chief- cxccutives respondcd to the questio~~naircs and authentic Icadership rneasurc were ranked as rating scale for [he reliability, Descriptive statistics were at~alyzcd using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. For qualitative research, in- depth interviews were conducted with the chief cxccutives who took the high rank in authentic leadership. Results o f t l~c study revealed that authentic leadership of local governmerlt organization administrators as wIloIe and each component were at the high level of importance. Regarding to six con~ponents of authcntic leadership, it was found that Work Perseverance was at h e highest level, rollowed by Self-Motivation by Internal Motivation, Self Atvareness, Relational Transparcncy, Balanced Processing of Infom~ation, and Internalized Moral Perspec live respectively. There was a relationship betwecn au the~~t ic leadership and the factors on network and the factors of learning process on administralion. The qua1 itative research results showed that tkie ~vork in aspect of preserving natural resources nctwork, agriculture nctwork and social wclfare network plays essential roles to initiate authentic leaders and to create the proccdure to learn the perspective Iransforrnation.


The I" SAS, Maejo 1 ntcrnalional I ntcgratcd Conference 201 2 Asia Today: Questions and Ans~vcrs - 'Well-beitrg, AgricrrIf~tre nrrd Pulitics' 15-16, Dcccn~ her 20 12, SAS, Macjo University

IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF LlVELlkIOOD PROGRAM BENEFICIARIES: A CASE IN SILANG CAVITE, PEIILIPPINES

JoHy S. Balila Director, IJniversiry Research Centcr,

Adventist University o f the Philippines Puting Kahoy, Silang, Cavite, Philippines

jollyhal ila(i2n1nail.com

\.!ictoria Tobias Director, Community Extension Services,

Adventist University of the Philippines Put ing Kahoy, Silang, Cavi tc, Philippines

and -

Jireh Kcinor L. Vitto Graduate Assi tani, University Research Center,

Adventist University of the Philippines? PutingKahoy, Silang, Cavile, Pl~ilippines

The study dctcmlined tlic impact or Lhc Iivcfihood programs implementcd by the Communi I } rix tcnsion Services (CES) deyart~ncnt oi' the Adventist University of the l'hilippi~~es lo thc quality uf tifc among li\lelihood beneficiaries in Silang, Cavitc, Philippines.

The livelihood programs were implementcd by the three coileges and coordinated by the CES departmen1 during the scllool year 2009-2010. The College of Science offered auto-engine, baking and cooking, basic computer, computer technology, driving, elec~ronics and welding. Courses in drcssn~aking and cosmetology wcre offered by rhe College of Business. The College of Nursing offcred cart: giving courses and massage therapy. These livelihood programs were intended to bring positive improvements to rhe quality of liie among residents of the adopted cominunitics. The livelihood programs and activities wcrc based on the findings of the needs assessment prior to the irnplcinen tation of thc program. There were 62 graduates and 51 or these were available and were inlerviewcd for this study.

Qualitative method was uscd in gathering data aided by an unstructured interview. Content analysis was the major data anaIysis tool and enhanced by percentage based on frequency. The resuIts of the study revealed that the liveliliood programs improved the quality of life of the beneficiarics in terms of financial, psychological state, farnily relationship and perceived health status. Wit11 these results the communitjr extension prograrlls shouId continue lo hclp people in 8112 cornmurlity for sustainable development.


T h e 1" SAS, Macjo lnternalional Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Q umtions and Answcrs - ' R'eIl-being, Alfricitltiirc arrd Polilics ' 15-1 6, December 201 2, SAS, Macjo University

DECENTIULIZATION IN CAMBODtA: A CLOSER LOOK AT THE COhIMUNF,

Rong Chhorng KIuner Asian Friendship Society ( W S ) ;

Western University, Phnom Penh, Can~bodia r o n c c h l ~ o m ~ ~ ~ a h o o . c o m

'This sti~dy aimed to exa~ninc the progress of decentralization efforts in Cambodia, as well as td describe the critical internal and external factors that facilitated andlor obstructed the implementation of decentralization plans at thc commune lcvcl. Specifically, it was designed to identify and review the policies and programs of t hc Royal tiovemmcnt o f Cambodia (RGC) in terms of administrative, political, and fisca I dccenlralimt ion, to determine the administrat ivc capability of the communes to impletncnt the decer~tralization policies and programs o f the RGC, to idcntify the el'iects of decentralization process on governance at the commune IeveI, to pinpoint the factors affecting rile i~tiplementation or rlecentralization programs it] the communes. and to lilnnu late recommcndntions to enhance or improve deccnrral ization. Bascd on tile lindings of the study, decentrali7ation cffocts a1 the cilmmutlc level in Cambodia are weighed down by several cons~raints which included lack of capability and technical competence o r human resources it1 the commune, limited understanding of he conccpt of decentralization and its corresponding processes, lack of systems in program i~nplornentation, limited participa~ion of villagers in major decision-making processes, and, lack of flexibility in program gcncratio~l and implementation due to a tendency of abiding by tllc law atld regulation. The key recomrncndations are to strengthen the Commune Council and improve their ability to respond ro work demands, to build capacity of CC members, to ensure political and funding support, to increase the active participation of people, especial1 y women and marginaIized groups, in program generation and i~nplemenlalion, and to set up a monitoring sub-committee for effective and efficient program implementat ions.

Scllaol of Adrninistrativc Studies Maejo University

Thc 1" SAS, Macjo lnternalianal Integrated Confercnce2012 Asia Today: QII esf ions and Annvcrs - ' I V C I I - ~ ~ ~ I I ~ , Agricuifurc or~d Pu/itic..v ' 15-16, Decenl bcr 2012, SAS, Maejo University

TRADITIONAL MEDICINES OF THE BUGKALOT TRIBE: A CASE STUDY IN LANDINGAN, NAGTIPUNAN, QUIRINO, PHILIPPINES

Cynthia Grace T. Valdcz Facu 1 ty Kesearcher-

Research, Development, Extension and Training Services (RDET), Quirino State University, Philippir~es

and

Elizabeth T. Carig Researcher and University Development Oficer

Quirino State University, Philippines

The study aimed to cxplore and document h e existing indigenous k~~owlcdgc of 'Hugkalot tribe particularly on traditional medicines: its utilization. issues and threats that bcset this knowledge. The descriptive method of social sc ie~lce research was used in rhe study. Results show that there arc twenty-six (26) plants zivailnble in the area that are used as mcdjcines prepared in various manners and applied either dern~al or ord. Tlie indigerious k~~owledge is passed on verbally to the youtlgcr generation. 'I'hcsc plants are not coiisenfed since they grow in the wild. Ovcrgrazi~ig, agricultural espn[lsion and lack oC awareness on conserving these plants are seen as threats lo rhe indigenous knowledge and plant resources of the tribe.

School of Administrative Studies Maejo Univcrsity

TIic 1'' SAS, Macjo International Integrated Conlercncc 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Ansrvers - 'WeII-being, Agricrrlt;irc ant1 Politics' 15-16, Dccclnbcr 2012, SAS, Macjo Univcrsity

RESEARCII CAPABILITIES OF SELECTED IIIGHEK EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN CORDILLERA ADMIN1STRATIVE REGION

(CAR) AND CAGAYAN VALLEY REGION (CVR)

Dco G. Indunan Asst. Professor, Ifugao State University

Nayon, Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines indunan79@yahoo-c01n

Jornar B. Palilieng Instructor, Eastern Luzon Colleges

Rambang, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines

Salvador J. Dabo 111 Asst. Professor, I fugao State University

Nayon,'Lmut, Ifugao, Phi lippines

Rhoda S. Bunoan Assi. Professor, lfugao State University

Nayon, Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines

Aloisa R. Camangian hdaster Teacher, Department of Education, Bayombong, Nueva Vizcny a, Phi l ippines

Eva Maric C. Dug.un rlssl. Professor, Ifugao State Univcrsi ty

Nayon, Lamut, Ifugao, Philippines

Mariccl Gumulv ang Instructor, Purisimo L. Tiam College,

Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines

Isabel F. Salvador Asst. Professor, Ifugao Slate University

Nayon, Lamut, Ifigao, Philippines

and

Arlyn Jasmin Instructor, Quirino State University,

Diffun, Quirino, Philippines


Thc 1" SAS, Maejo International. Intcgratcd Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Ansmcrs - '~Ycil-bcillg, Agriciilftrre atrrl Pnlifics' 15-1 6, ncccn~bcr 20 f 2, SAS, Maejo University

This paper presents a cornparativc study of research capabilities of five Higher Education lnstitulions (HETs) in the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) and Cagayan Valley Region (CVR) based on the profile of research pcrsonncl, research outputs (number of researches conducted, presented, published, patented, and technologies developed), rcsearch awards, and research budget alIocation (Government Fund) each year of thesc institutions in the last five ( 5 ) years. Data on the depcndent and independell! variables were coI lcctcd using survey questionnaires. I t utilizes descriptive design to assess their research capabilities, whereby the data were summarized, tabulated, and interpreted.

Result of findings on the research personnel profiIe reveal that Nueva Vizcaya State University has the most numbcr of a) research personnel and who are PhD holders, b) experimental researches conducted, c) experin~ental research papers presented in national and international for a, d) ~echnologics dcveloped, e)-experimenta1 research published, f ) patented research oulput, g) research awards, and. h) has the largest budget allocation; Ifugao Slate University has the n~ost numbcr of research presentedlpubl islied in the nationall inler~~alional arena and has the most numbcr of parenled technologies. Hased from tile findings and conclusions, the foIlowillg arc het-cby recommended: I ncrcasc budget allocations by sourcing out exfcrnnl funds; U ndcrgo research collaborntioti with local and international insti tt~tionsj and Purslie networkirlg.

G

School of Administrativc Studies Macjo U~~iversity

The 1" SAS, Maejo Intcmalional Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'JVL'II-beirrg, AgricrtIture o11d Poiifics' 15-16, Dcccmbcr 2012, SAS, Macjo University

Co-Hosts and Sponsors of The Conference

School of Administrative Studies Macjo Universiv

Thc I" SAS, Rlacjo Intcr~lational Integrated Canfcrcz~ce 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Well-hcit~g, Agricltlrure atrtl Politics' 15- I G, Deccmhcr 201 2, SAS, hlaejo University

Co-Hosts and Sponsors o f tllc Conference

I . School for Well hcing Studies and ResearcI~

2. Towards Organic Asia Program

3. ~ ~ o ~ i u u ~ m n r r t l ~ n ~ m ~ o " u n ? ~ (Organic Agriculture Innovation Network)

A Y 4. ~ms~~i~1u'tuuiila~nn1~n~~'~1tl11~~q~n~a~iin41n~~1~n~~1fin1~11"11fi~t;t~1~~'li~

ir'yq~ (arin1wq95d)

5. I?a~%nvmrnssutdh (Sustainable Agriculture Foundation)

44 w

6 . nn6u2urumzlnin'iTxIt9tiw rnu~6yausrrolu1%ufll~i~u~1~ (Institute for

SustainabIe AgricuIture Commur~ity under Nortlinet Foundation)

7. di<ns1uilo~s]ua~ua~11n1~?~tl mnln; o (The Thailand Kescarch Fund,

No[%hern Region)

8. Thai Asian of Fricndsliip Socicty ('I'AFS)

9. ~u5u1~r11n111a~~1~a'nfiu~lwxi

I 0. n ~ r ~ ~ o ~ ~ ~ z l n n . j ~ ~ ~ ~ a ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ % u ~ l ' ~ X ;

Sel~uuI of Adminisf rat ive Studies Macjo 1.lniversify

The 1" SAS, Macja Jntcrnational Integrated Conference 20 12 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - ' Wd-britrg, AgricuI~irre nrtd Po!itics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

STRENGTHENING; OF TOURISM NETWORKXNG: A CASE STUDY OF ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION AREA IN PONGYEANG

SUB-DISTRICT, MAERIM DISTRICT, CHIANG MA1 PROVINCE, THAILAND

Rachafa Chaimuang Master of Arts in Recreation and Tourism Management

SchooI of Tourism Development Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290

rachata.chaimuang(&maiI.com

Abstract -

The objectives of this study were to: 1) analyze the management of tourism networks in PongYaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province; 2) measure the strength of tourism networks in PongYaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province and3) identify factors having an influence on the strength of tourism networks in PongYaeng sub- district administration organization area Maerim district, Chiang Mai province. Respondents in this study consisted of 186 heads and tourism networks members in PongYaeng subdistrict administrative organization area Maerim district, Chiang Mai province. A set of questionnaires was used for data collection and analyzed by using the statistical Package for the Social Sciences program.

Results of the study revealed that most of the respondents were home stay networks of Baan Panokkok. Tjmc span of nctwork establishment was 1-3 years. The respondents attended a tourism network members meeting every three months. Leaders of the tourism networks were from the election and they were allowed to be in the position for 2 years. Regarding the tourism network management, it was found that tourism networking networks in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area had clear rules, regulations, and a practice guideline. Besides, there was a designation of team-work or administrative committee for the management of the tourism networks. The iourism fretworks were financially supported by concerned agencies and there was the preparation of an accounting system. The ofice of the tourism network was located in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area. There were network connection activities with other networks, e.g. tourism colloquium, training, and group discussion. Based on the strength of the tourism networks in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization, the factor having an influence on the success in network management was found at a high level. The following factors were found at a moderate level: network components; participation of network members; and network connection on tourism network management.


The 1" SAS, Macjo International Tntegrafcd Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'WcI!-being, Agriculrrrre und Politics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

Keywords: tourism networks, strengthening

Introduction

Chiang Mai is the center of northern culture and tourism and well-known among foreign tourists. There are various tourism resources which tourists to visit Chiang Mai. It has plenty of tourist spots and unique culture which attract millions of tourists to visit each year (Chiang Mai Provincial Ofice of Tourism and Sports, 201 1). Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerim district has a long historicaI background (more than 400 years). This cold mountainous area is 16 kiIorneters from Maerim town. Most of people there earn a living by growing temperate plants,e.g, strawberry and cut flower plants. There are a lot of Thai and foreip tourists visiting Pong Yeang during the cold reason, There are home stay activities, resorts a loyal project, and beautiful places in Pong Yaeng. Interestingly, there are hill tribes cladding colorfir1 clothes always welcome tourist. ( Pong Yaeng sub-district administration organization, 20 10).

In the past, King Bhurni bol Adulyadej and loyal family visited people in Pong Yaeng and built a school, gave pigs and others to the people there. Besides, the king and Queen taught hill tribes there to grow temperate plants instead of growing opium and it was successful.

Significance of the study

1. Pong Yaeng sub-distict administrative organization and the people there obtain a mininaI benefit from IocaI tourism because they hardly participated in the local tourism activities. On the other hand, those who gain much benefit are tour companies or outsiders. Thus, local people should have an opportunity to hlly participate in locaI tourism activities and management (Ministry of Tourism and Sports of Thailand: 13)

2. There are problems encountered in local tourism management. In order to

solve the problems successfully, local people must integrate tourism networks to have an authority in negotiation. Sutit,A.(2005:55)

3. Provision of a venue for local people and the local administrative organization to Iearn and share ideas/experience abour tourism networks.

4. To make local people equally gain benefits from local tourism activities. Tourism network can support this idea and help develop local tourism systematically and effectively.


The la' SAS, Maejo International Integrated Confcrcnce 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Well-being, Agricuiillre nnd Puiitics ' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

Therefore, the strengthening of tourism networks is essential and this study explored, analyzed and measured the tourism network managemenUstrengthening in Pong Yaeng sub-district. Besides, it investigated factors having an influence on tourism network strengthening which promotes tourist attractions in Pong Yaeng.

Objectives of the Study

This study aimed to do the foI1owing: I . Analyze the management of tourism networks in PongYaeng sub-district

administrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province.

2. Measure the tourism networks strengthening in PongYaeng sub-district administive organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province.

3. Identify factors having an influence on the tourism networks strengthening in PongYaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province.

Literature Review

1, Concepts of participation 2. Concepts of networks 3. Concepts of tourism types 4. Concepts of management

Public participation refers to a process of cooperation jn the identification of problems, needs, planning, and decision-making activities for solving problems encountered. The cooperation aims to accomplish those activities for benefits of the community. Besides, public participation helps create a sense of belonging and responsibility. The implementation of various projects by local people is beneficial to people in the community because it can make them be self-reliant, without needs for assishnce of the government and private sectors ( Thanuphon 1986, I 17). Semantic network can be understood as a structure of the relationships between a number of organizations in the dependence without any organization or entity with a direct control over other organizations in the networks (O'Toole 1997,45). Tourism can be divided into 4 types:

1. Natural tourism: It focuses on leisure travelIing, hn, and appreciation of natural resources as wet1 as education.

2. CulturaI Tourism: It is committed to educating and emphasizing the cultural pride and archeologicaV historical pIaces as well as man-made.


The I" SAS, Macjo Cnternarional Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Quest ions and Answers - 'IYell-be@, Agricult~ire ntrd Poliiics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

3. Sport and Entertainment Tourism: It meets the needs and satisfaction of reIaxation.

4. Business and Convention Tourism: It is a by-product obtained from the business o r conference. ( Jittunpvattana 2005,11).

Management refers to the work performance aimed to achieve the goals of an organization. The management includes four main aspects: planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the organization ( Suksriwong 2009,26).

Conceptual Framework -

Figure 1. Conceptual framework of the study

Independent Variables

The factors of characteristic tourism networks - Tourism networks members -Conditions of tourism networks management - Time span in establishment of the tourism networks -Meeting frequency - Characteristics of the tourism networks -Time span of the tourism network leader holding Management factors -Rules and regulations -Tourism network committee -Capital .

- An accounting system -Network characteristics -Location of tourism networks office - Time span of network lcader being

School of Administrative Studies

Dependent Variables

Strength of tourism nehvorks in Pong Yaeng Sub-district Administrative Organization

1. Tourism network components 2. Participation of tourism

network members. 3. Connection of tourism

networks 4. Tourism network management 5 . Factors effecting the success

in tourism network management

-

Maejo University

The I" SAS, Macjo international Intcgrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - ' Well-britrg, Agricult~tru and Politics ' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

Research Methodology

PopuIation and Sample

The respondent in this study consisted of 186 heads and tourism network members in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province. The size of the sample group was obtained by using the formuIa of Taro Yamane (1973:886-887). PopuIation in this study were 347 people living in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province, Thailand. Primary and secondary data were obtained by using a set of questionnaires and interview.

Pre-test of the research tool

Questionnaire was developed based on the conceptual framework. It was divided into 3 parts: 1) the management of tourism networks in Pong Yaeng sub-district, administrative organization area, 2) Factor on management of tourism networks in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area, and 3) a tool measuring the strength of the tourism network. The tool (a five-rating scale questionnaire- highest, high, moderate, low, lowest was examined in an area which was similar to the locale of the study. For the content validity, the obtained Cronbach's alpha coefficient value was 0.856.)

Statistical analyses

Obtained data were analyzed by using the statistical Package for the Social Sciences Program. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used for the statistical treatment.

Scope and Limitation

1. The researcher explored the tourism network strengthening in PongY acng sub- r district.adrninistrative organization area, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province

(data collection)

2. The researcher explored 7 tourism networks in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area. This included the foliowing: 1) home stay tourism network, Baan Panokkok; 2) tourism network on wild orchids conservation Baan Pong krai; 3) agro-tourism network, Baan Buaggian; 4) home stay tourism network, Baan Maesa Mai; 5 ) home stay tourism network, Baan Maesa Noi; 6) organic ago-tourism network; and 7 ) rose growing network, Baan Buagtuy.

m3v4,:\


The 1" SAS, Maejo International lntcgratcd Conference 20 12 Asia Today: Questions and Answrrs - 'WEII-beirtg, Agricrriture lrrrd Politics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Macjo University

Results and Discussion

Results of thc study were divided into 3 parts as follows:

Partl. Tourism networking: Finding showed that Baan Panokkok home stay network had been operating for 3 years. Members of the network attended a network meeting every three months. Tourism network in Pong Yaeng were at a community level and leaders of the networks were in their position for 2 years per term.

Part2. The management condition of the tourism network strengthening: It was found that members of the networks shared the same goals and they always participated in the network process. There were clears rulcs and regulations which the networks and financia1 support was from concerned agencies. The tourism network office had an accounting system. There was connection with other tourism networks on knowledge/ experience exchange, mceting, training, etc.

Part3. Tourism networks strengthening in PongYaeng sub-district administrative organization area. Findings showed that factors having an influence on the success in the network management were found at a very high level. The following were found at a moderate 1evcI: network components; network member participation; and connection of the network management. For the tourism strengthening, the foIlowing were found at a moderate level: participation components (F3 .3 7); factors having an influence on the success of tourism network management @=3.36); management component (Z=3.34); and components of tourism network connection (;h=3.30), respectively.

Implications

The folIowing were values of this study: 1) people in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area obtained the body of knowledge on the tourism network strengthening and were able to apply it to their tourism careers and gain more supplementary income; 2) Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization and personnel of Maerim district office can use results of the study as basis for the improvement and development of tourism nekvork strcngthening; 3) the Chief Executive of Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization can use results of the study for improving their policies on the development of tourism network strengthening; and 4) other villages in Pong Yaeng sub-district can used results of the study for tourism network development in the village.

School of Administrative Studies -

Maejo University

The 1" $AS, Macjo International Integrated Confcrencc 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'JYeII-beir~g, Agricultrtre and Poliiics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Maejo University

Recommendations

The following development directions are recommended to people who wish to make a difference in tourism network strengthening :

I. lntercsted peoplc outsidc Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area can join thc tourism networks becausc it was found to be successful.

2. Local peopIe should always participate in the tourism network activities, e.g. decision-making, assessment, brain storming, problem-solving, etc.

3. People living in Pong Yaeng sub-district should be a member of the tourism network for mutual learning and applying in knowledge to their livelihood.

4. Tourism networks in Pong Y aeng sub-district administmtive organization area should hold more development activities and continually promote close relationships among tourism network members.

5 . Factors having an influence on the success of tourism network management should be revealed to tourism network in the area and outside the area.

Conclusions

The following were conclusions of results of the study: I. Tourism networks in PongYaeng Sub-district Adminisbative Organization

Arca, have been operating for 3 ycars which aims to make its members exchange their ideas and experience and have common goals.

2. Members of the tourism network were willing to participate in the process of tourism network strengthening and gained benefits from i t .

3. Connection of tourism networking with other groups were useful because the tourism network members had an opportunity to deaI with other people in terms of educationaI tour, meeting, training, etc.

4. The management system of the tourism network was clear, transparent, and can be monitored.

5. Tourism networks in Pong Yaeng sub-district administrative organization area were at a community level and there was a meeting every 3 months.

6. There were clear rules and regulations of the tourism networks agreed by heads and members of the tourism networks.

School of Administrative Studies **. -

Maejo University

The 1'' SAS, Maejo Tntcrnational Integrated Conference 2012 Asia Today: Questions and Answers - 'Well-beirig, Agricultrrre nrrd Politics' 15-16, December 2012, SAS, Milejo University

7. There was a financial support from concerned agencies and there was a systematic accounting system

Bibliography

Boonlerd,J.(2005). The tourism industry is not a dying business in Thailand.Bangkok: C.C. Book Standard.

Chiang Mai Provincial Ofice of Tourism and Sports.(20 1 1). Known Chiang Mai, [online] available http:l/www.cm-rnots.com/

Ministry of Tourism and Sports of Thailand.(20 12). Plans to develop a ~lational tourism. Year 20 12-20 1 6. [online] available www.tica.or.th/image~/P1annt~~ri~~2555-2559/2555-2~59.pdf

Namchai, T.(1986). Community Development: Principles and Strategies Department of Agriculture. Maejo Institute of Agricultural Technology.Chiang Mai: Maejo University.

O'Toole (1997). a. "Treating Networks Seriously: Practical and Research- Based Agcndas in Public Administration,".Public Administration Rcview. 57 (1) January/ February: p.45.

Pongyaeng sub-district administration organization. (20 10). Exploration activities Tourist attract ion.Chiang Mai: PongYaeng sub-district administration organization

Sakorn,S.(2009). Management from the Executive's Viewpoint .Bangkok:J.P company printing Inc.

Sutit,A.(2005). Network: Nature knowledge and management.Bangkok: PhisitTahi offset Printing Press.

Yamane, T.( 1973). Statistic: An Introductory Analysis. 3"d ed., Tokyo: Herper International Edition.

School of Administrative Studies t Maejo University

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