drc manuscript.pptx
DESCRIPTION
The DuPont Pioneer Drought Research Council (DRC) published its first article this month titled ‘The U.S. Drought of 2012 in Perspective: A Call to Action’. The paper outlines recommendations for improving food security, including an emphasis on research collaborations; objective, science-based regulations; and, appropriate funding for public agricultural research.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211912413000370TRANSCRIPT
The 2012 Drought:Perspectives, Opportunities, and Obligations
Jim Gaffney& The Drought Research Council
History of Drought Since AD 992 - Dendrochronology
Recreated from Stambaugh et al., 2011
4) 1934
2) 1800 3) 1821 6) 1820 8) 1874
1) 1020
Decadal/Multi-Decadal Droughts
5) 1548 – 15604) 1661 - 1705
1) 1815 – 1844 3) 1849 – 18802) 1909 - 1938
Worst Drought Years in History
Why Is the 2012 Drought Different?Emerging global middle class: China example
From http://www.earth-policy.org/plan_b_updates/2012/update102
The Challenge of Global Prosperity
Historically high demand
Drought events have greater impact
Limited expansion of land and water resources
Yield – major crops may be losing ground
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Uganda
Malawi
Mozambique
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Kenya
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Zambia
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Uganda
Malawi
Mozambique
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Kenya
Angola
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Zimbabwe
South Africa
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Addressing the Challenge: • 9 years• 448 hybrids• 17 countries• National research programs• Private seed companies• CIMMYT
Weber et al. 2012. Crop Science 52
Maize Managed Stress Screening in Africa• Erratic timing and
intensity of heat and drought
Hybrid Development for Drought in the Western U.S. Cornbelt
FOCUS ON
• Yield under drought • Emergence under stress• Resistance to
• brittle snap• head smut• Goss’s Wilt
• Plus herbicide and insect control traits
Success on Which to Build
• 40% more maize per acre today in the U.S. with same amounts of nitrogen and available water as 25 - 30 years ago
• 2012 maize yields (drought) better than good year yields 25 years ago
• U.S. maize production has among smallest water footprints of any grain crop
• Nebraska farmers produce 12.5 T/ha maize with low global warming potential, high energy balance, and efficient irrigation and use of inputs
Drought has been common
Global prosperity is on the rise
Additional pressure on land and water
Public investment in Ag R&D waning (in OECD)
Numerous challenges
Opportunities
Summary
Collaborations needed
Develop technology where its most needed
Objective, science-based regulation and policy is critical
Prioritize public agriculture R&D and resource it
Improve the resiliency of global agricultural production in the face of drought
Call to Action/Obligations
Academia
J.S. Boyer, University of Delaware
P. Byrne, Colorado State University
K.G. Cassman, University of Nebraska
D. Delmer, University of California, Davis (Emeritus)
N. Kenny, Texas A&M University
D. Porter, Texas A&M University
A. Schlegel, Kansas State University
J. Sawyer, Iowa State University
T. Setter, Cornell University
R.E. Sharp, University of Missouri
T. Vyn, Purdue University,
The Drought Research CouncilDuPont Pioneer
M. Cooper
J. Gaffney
T. Greene
F. Gruis
J. Habben
N. Hausmann
R. Lafitte
S. Paszkiewicz
J. Schussler
J. Shanahan
D. Warner