drip irrigation - university of georgiacaes2.caes.uga.edu/.../water/ppt/irrigation-101.ppt · ppt...
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Simple Concepts in Irrigation
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• Households with in ground spinkler systems use 35% more water outdoors (AWWA)
• Households with automatic timers use 47% more water outdoors (AWWA)
Irrigation Conservation is Needed
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Mechanical Controler
• Easy to set• Must manually turn on timer• Automatic shutoff
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Battery OperatedHose end In-line
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Automatic Timer
•More difficult to set •Automatically turns irrigation on• Automatic shutoff
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Underground Valves
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Irrigation Scheduling
What days?What hours?
Stay out of trouble
• Know the rules in your area• Schedule for conservation
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Check your OrdinancesBackflow Prevention may be required to prevent yourirrigation system from contaminating water supplies
Watts.com
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How much water?Rule of thumb:•Shrubs: up to once a week - apply one gallon of water per foot of plant height•Lawns: up to once a week -up to one inch per application •Trees: up to once a weekone inch of water under entirecanopy
*It’s best to water infrequently,deep and early in the morning
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How do I know how longI need to irrigate?
Set out tuna cans or rain gaugesrandomly throughout your lawn
Measure how much waterwas applied and calculate how long it will take to apply the water you need
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Individually turn on each irrigation zone for 15 minutes. check to be sure irrigation is uniform adjust heads if irrigation isn’t uniform
Set out tuna cans or rain gauges randomly throughout your lawn
Check Uniformity of Application
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Don’t water thepavement
Check for leaks
Hit the target
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Reduce irrigation when demand is low
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Rain CutoffInstall an automatic rain cutoff device
Don’t water in the rain!!!
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Moisture Meter
Another option for improved conservation
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Spray IrrigationUsed to irrigate large uniform areas
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Convert to Drip IrrigationConvert to Drip IrrigationConserve by watering individual plants
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Drip System
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Drip Irrigation Retrofit Kits
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PressureRegulator
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Filter
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Check your Water Supply
(Bucket size in gallons / Seconds to fill) * 3600 seconds per hr. * .75
Flow Rate (gallons per hour) =
Example: 5 gallon bucket took 30 seconds to fill
5 / 30 x 3600 x .75 = 450 gallons per hour
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Pipes and fittings
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Emitters
- Many shapes and styles- Flow rate 0.5 – 10 gal./hr- Pressure compensating- Do not mix drip with micro spray
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Layout
300 mature plants (4 feet tall)
- Total requirement: 300 x 4 = 1200 gallons- Supply = 450 gallons per hour
Possible Solutions:
Example:
- One zone, ½ ghp emitters for 8 hours (150 gph)- One zone, 1gph emitters for 4 hours (300 gph) - Two zones 2 ghp emitters for 2 hours (300 gph)
- Plant requirement – 4 gallons