© 2015 Graphet Inc.

D R I V E S Y S T E M P E R F O R M A N C E B Y L E V E R A G I N G D ATA

CHANDAN RAO 4/5/2016

© 2015 Graphet Inc.

• Transformation of data into actionable insights that drive energy efficiency

– Basis for the Xcel Energy Process Efficiency Program (SEM / ISO 50001)

• Focuses on continuous improvement and sustainable energy conservation initiatives for mid to large size Xcel Energy customers in Colorado.

– Promotes “FACT BASED” - data driven decisions – Collaborative / objective solutions resulting in highest ROI

2

STRATEGIC ENERGY DATA VISUALIZATION

Visualization Provides Effective Insights and Improves Understanding

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• Data mined from building automation systems / monitoring to enhance operational efficiencies

• Predictive analytics / statistics to quantify impact of changes on

• energy efficiency • reliability • quality

• Realistic energy

performance goals

3

DATA COLLECTION & APPL ICAT ION OVERVIEW

Data

Visualization

Enough Data

Energy Data Mining

Techniques

Business Understanding

Empower Energy

Efficiency

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SYSTEMS THINKING - AN APPLICATION

Systems Components Application - HVAC System

4

End Use

Distribution

Generation

APPLICATION(End Use/Demand)

DELIVERY METHOD

(Distribution/Network)

UTILITY SOURCE

(Supply/Plant)

Floor Plan/ with space typesCleanliness/Noise/ExhaustTemperature/Pressure/HumidityOccupancy/ Operating Schedules

Fans, ductsDistribution Losses

+ Main headers+ Branches+ Final filters...

AHU Equipment + Motors+ Chilled Water + Hot water/Steam

Utility System

SYSTEM

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• What frequency of data should I use? – A lot of factors go into this – Typically 5 to 15 minutes for slow

response systems – Less then 30 seconds for high response

systems • How much data do I need?

– Capture all of the typical operating modes (production, occupancy, seasons, …)

• What data do I need?

5

Identifying Data

OVERVIEW OF DATA REQUIREMENTS

End Use

Distribution

Generation

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What data is important for driving efficiency?

SYSTEM PARAMETERS FOR ENERGY EFF IC IENCY

End Use

Distribution

Generation

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What data is important for driving efficiency?

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS DATA

What temperature does my space actually need?

What humidity does my space actually need?

How much air does my space actually need?

When do I need to condition my space?

How much ventilation does my space actually need?

End Use

Distribution

Generation

Return Air Temp

Supply Air Temp

Supply Air Flow

Outdoor Air % (Mixed Air Temp)

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What data is important for driving efficiency?

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS DATA

End Use

Distribution

Generation

How am I delivering the conditioned air to my space?

How will I quantify the energy used to deliver air to my space?

Return Fan Power

Supply Fan Power

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What data is important for driving efficiency?

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS DATA

End Use

Distribution

Generation

How am I conditioning the air (cooling, heating, …)?

How will I quantify the energy used to condition the air?

Already have everything

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“Normal” Plot

METHODS FOR VIEWING SYSTEMS DATA

Temperature Flow

A Simple View of Data in Time

Operating Pattern?

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Comparison Plot – Taking Normal Plots a bit further

METHODS FOR VIEWING SYSTEMS DATA

All of the data in a single data set is plotted in the same time window.

Weekend, Weekday, Week, Month, Season, Year, …

Identify Time Based Relationships

Operating Pattern

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Schedule Plot – Simplified Patterns

METHODS FOR VIEWING SYSTEMS DATA

High

Low Hour

of t

he D

ay

Day of the Week Day of the Week Day of the Week

Average of the Comparison Plot Simplified Summary of the Comparison Plot

Visualized Scheduling

Does this profile make sense given my operation?

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Scatter Plots - Finding Relationships

METHODS FOR DATA DISCOVERY

AHU Supply Temp Relationship with Outdoor Air Temp (Resets)

Hard to identify strong relationships with 5 minute data

Relationships start to emerge with daily averaged data

Identifying Relationships between Two Variables

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Scatter Plots - Finding Relationships

METHODS FOR DATA DISCOVERY

Am I supplying the right temperatures?

Supply Air Temperature

Return Air Temperature

65°F SAT < 43°F 62°F SAT > 71°F

72.5°F

Identifying Relationships between Two Variables

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Complex Scatter Plots - Finding Indirect Relationships

METHODS FOR DATA DISCOVERY

Shows the relationship of the percentage of outdoor air being brought into the space with outdoor air temperature

Outdoor air can be used to avoid using mechanical cooling

What does this mean?

HVAC Economizer

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Complex Scatter Plots - Finding Indirect Relationships

METHODS FOR V IEWING EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE

HVAC Economizer Ideal Curve – minimizes mechanical cooling

Control Curve – what the economizer is

programmed to do Average Current

Operation

Actual Data

Can I operate my economizer on the ideal curve?

Compare Actual Trends to Ideal Trends

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Connecting Data to Equipment

METHODS FOR V IEWING EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE

Cooling Load

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Connecting Data to Equipment

METHODS FOR V IEWING EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE

Heating Load

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Linking the Interaction of Multiple Equipment

METHODS FOR V IEWING SYSTEM INTERACTIONS

AHU 1 AHU 2 AHU 3

AHU 4 AHU 5 AHU 6 AHU 7

AHU 8 AHU 9 AHU 10 AHU 11

AHU 12 AHU 13

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METHODS FOR V IEWING SYSTEM INTERACTIONS

Cooling Heating Fan

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