DrugsDrugs

Generic vs Brand NameGeneric vs Brand Name

Indication:Indication: The reason why you would take a medicationThe reason why you would take a medication e.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammatione.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammation

Contraindication:Contraindication: The reason you should not take a medicationThe reason you should not take a medication

e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy.e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy. Adverse EffectsAdverse Effects

Side Effects that can occur if medication is takenSide Effects that can occur if medication is taken e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity.e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity.

Names for a drug.Names for a drug.

A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and years developing a drug.years developing a drug.

Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, only that company can produce that drug for 10 years.only that company can produce that drug for 10 years.

The company will create a brand name for the drug The company will create a brand name for the drug (something that is catchy).(something that is catchy).

Once 20 years are over any company may produce that Once 20 years are over any company may produce that drug. It is called the generic.drug. It is called the generic.

Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Motrin (brand name).Motrin (brand name).

Antibiotics (abx)Antibiotics (abx)

Hundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteriaHundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteria CephalosporinsCephalosporins

Duricef, Keflex, Omnicef, RochephinDuricef, Keflex, Omnicef, Rochephin Macrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infectionsMacrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infections

Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin)Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin)

Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa)Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa) Bactrim and SeptraBactrim and Septra Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses

QuinolonesQuinolones Cipro and Levaquin are most commonCipro and Levaquin are most common

PenicillinPenicillin Oldest abxOldest abx Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variationsAmoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variations

Drugs 1. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid aka ASA)

Is an anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic (pain) However, causes stomach ulcers Kids with a virus shouldn’t take it; Reyes Syndrome

2. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Is a anti-pyretic and analgesic, but not an anti-inflammatory

3. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) Super great anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic It is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)

4. Steroids (e.g. Prednisone) Great anti-inflammatory, but not a anti-pyretic or analgesic Long-term dangers

Non-drug therapy R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)

Pain MedicationsPain Medications

MorphineMorphine Made from opium, like heroine.Made from opium, like heroine. Commonly given IV or IM.Commonly given IV or IM.

Hydrocodone and OxycodoneHydrocodone and Oxycodone Commonly mixed with Tylenol Commonly mixed with Tylenol

(Acetaminophen) in the brand names (Acetaminophen) in the brand names Vicodin Vicodin and and LortabLortab

Most commonly given orallyMost commonly given orally Both are highly addictiveBoth are highly addictive

DiabetesDiabetes

1.Insulin shots or pumps1.Insulin shots or pumps Humulog and Novolog are most popularHumulog and Novolog are most popular

2. Metformin (Glucophage)2. Metformin (Glucophage) is most is most commonly orally prescribed DM drug.commonly orally prescribed DM drug.

HypertensionHypertension

HydrochlorothiazideHydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is oldest (HCTZ) is oldest HTN drugHTN drug

NorvascNorvasc Ace Inhibitors are the most commonAce Inhibitors are the most common

DiovanDiovan and and LisinoprilLisinopril are most are most ubiquitousubiquitous

The “lols” are common as well. The “lols” are common as well. MetoprololMetoprolol and and AtenololAtenolol

HyperlipidemiaHyperlipidemia

High cholesterol drugs destroy the High cholesterol drugs destroy the cells in your liver that make cells in your liver that make cholesterol.cholesterol.

The Statin family of drugs are the The Statin family of drugs are the most commonmost common LipitorLipitor CrestorCrestor SimvastatinSimvastatin ZocorZocor

Water RetentionWater Retention

Diuretic, used for water retentionDiuretic, used for water retention Lasix (Furosemide)Lasix (Furosemide)

Blood ThinnersBlood Thinners

These drugs are given to people who These drugs are given to people who have a hx of blood clots. have a hx of blood clots.

Used to prevent heart attack and Used to prevent heart attack and strokesstrokes

Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient.Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient. HeparinHeparin PlavixPlavix

BradycardiaBradycardia

Used to speed up heart rateUsed to speed up heart rate AtropineAtropine Epinephrine (Adrenaline)Epinephrine (Adrenaline)

Stomach BugStomach Bug

PhenerganPhenergan Super-popular and ancient med given Super-popular and ancient med given

for nausea, anti-emesis.for nausea, anti-emesis. Given orally, IM, and suppositoriesGiven orally, IM, and suppositories

Anti-inflammationAnti-inflammation

Non-steroidalNon-steroidal Ibuprofen (Ibuprofen (MotrinMotrin or or AdvilAdvil)) Naproxen (Aleve)Naproxen (Aleve)

Both relieve pain, inflammation and feverBoth relieve pain, inflammation and fever

SteroidsSteroids PrednisonePrednisone CortisoneCortisone

These only reduce inflammationThese only reduce inflammation

HypothyroidismHypothyroidism

SynthroidSynthroid ( (Levothyroxine)Levothyroxine) is drug of is drug of choice.choice.

Muscle RelaxantMuscle Relaxant

Valium (Diazepam) is classic drugValium (Diazepam) is classic drug Makes you sleepy and is addictiveMakes you sleepy and is addictive Comes from the Benzodiazepine family Comes from the Benzodiazepine family

of drugsof drugs

Mental HealthMental Health Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic

medication.medication. SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)

PaxilPaxil ProzacProzac ZoloftZoloft They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic

cleft between neuronscleft between neurons Adverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideationAdverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideation

SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) Slightly less side effectsSlightly less side effects EffexorEffexor CymbaltaCymbalta

SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD, SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD, AnxietyAnxiety

XanaxXanax is the main choice is the main choice Xanax is a benzoXanax is a benzo

InsomniaInsomnia Ambien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effectsAmbien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effects LunestaLunesta SomaSoma

GERDGERD

Most common drugs used for GERD Most common drugs used for GERD and ulcersand ulcers NexiumNexium PrilosecPrilosec (Omeprazole) (Omeprazole)

OthersOthers

Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc)Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc) ValtrexValtrex AcyclovirAcyclovir

Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc)Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc) NystatinNystatin

Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment)Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment) AlbuterolAlbuterol inhaler inhaler SingulairSingulair AdvairAdvair

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Classic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammationClassic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammation Makes you very sleepyMakes you very sleepy

Top 10 Drugs

1. Hydrocodone (combined with acetaminophen) -- 131.2 million prescriptions

2. Generic Zocor (simvastatin), -- 94.1 million prescriptions

3. Lisinopril , -- 87.4 million prescriptions 4. Synthroid (levothyroxine sodium), -- 70.5 million

prescriptions 5. Norvasc (amlodipine besylate), 57.2 million

prescriptions 6. Prilosec (omeprazole), an antacid drug -- 53.4 million

prescriptions (does not include over-the-counter sales) 7. Azithromycin (brand names include Z-Pak and

Zithromax), -- 52.6 million prescriptions 8. Amoxicillin (various brand names) -- 52.3 million

prescriptions 9. Glucophage (metformin), -- 48.3 million

prescriptions 10. Hydrochlorothiazide (various brand names), 47.8

million prescriptions.

Name a Drug Invent a drug with a brand name and generic What is the drug for? What disease or organ

system? Invent indications and contraindications Invent Adverse Effects (Death, 2nd Head

Development, Diphallia). Present powerpoint; afterwards you will make

a skit/commercial for your drug similar to the ones you see on TV listing the aforementioned.

Be creative!