TYPES of DSS

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ObjectivesDescribe seven basic types of DSS.Discuss different categories of DSS.Based on support Based on nature of decision situationBased on number of usersUnderstand where different types of DSS fit into Simons model of decision making.

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The DSS HierarchySuggestion systemsOptimization systemsRepresentational modelsAccounting modelsAnalysis information systemsData analysis systemsFile drawer systems

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File Drawer SystemsThey are the simplest type of DSSCan provide access to data itemsData is used to make a decisionATM MachineUse the balance to make transfer of funds decisions

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Data Analysis SystemsProvide access to dataAllows data manipulation capabilitiesAirline Reservation systemNo more seats availableProvide alternative flights you can useUse the info to make flight plans

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Analysis Information SystemsInformation from several files are combinedSome of these files may be externalWe have a true data baseThe information from one file, table, can be combined with information from other files to answer a specific query.

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Accounting ModelsUse internal accounting dataProvide accounting modeling capabilitiesCan not handle uncertaintyUse Bill of Material

Calculate production costMake pricing decisions

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Representational ModelCan incorporate uncertaintyUses models to solve decision problem using forecastsCan be used to augment the capabilities of Accounting modelsUse the demand data to forecast next years demandUse the results to make inventory decisions.

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Optimization SystemsUsed to estimate the effects of different decision alternativeBased on optimization modelsCan incorporate uncertaintyAssign sales force to territoryProvide the best assignment schedule

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Suggestion SystemsA descriptive model used to suggest to the decision maker the best actionA prescriptive model used to suggest to the decision maker the best actionMay incorporate an Expert SystemUse the system to recommend a decisionEx: Applicant applies for personal loan

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DSS CategoriesSupport-based categories (Alter 1980)

Data-based DSSModel-based DSSNature of the decision situation (Donovan & Madnick 1977)

InstitutionalAd hocUser-based categories (Keen 1980)

IndividualMulti-individualGroup

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DSS CategoriesSupport based DSSData-based DSSModel-based DSSStructured

Semi-structure

Unstructured

Model-basedDSSData-basedDSS

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DSS CategoriesBased on the nature of the decision situationInstitutionalCulture of the organizationRegularly used Used by more than one personsAd hocOne of kindOne-time useUsed by single individual

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DSS CategoriesBased on number of usersIndividualMulti-individualGroup

Benefits

Individual

Multi-individual

Group

Improving personal efficiency

H

H

L

Expediting problem solving

L

M

H

Facilitating communication

L

L

H

Promoting learning

M

H

H

Increasing control

L

H

M

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Simons ModelProblem IdentificationQualitativeAnalysisQuantitativeAnalysisDecisionExternalInternalAI, EISESDbDSS,MbDSSGDSSESDSSIntelligenceDesignChoice

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Usage ModesSubscription ModeTerminal ModeClerk ModeIntermediary Mode

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Subscription ModelDecision maker receives outputs from the DSS on regular basis

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Terminal ModeDirect use of the DSS by the decision makerAccess is through individual terminalsMay be user specific requirements

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Clerk ModeDecision maker fills out a form requesting output from DSSA clerk accesses the DSSSends the output to the decision maker

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Intermediary Mode Decision maker uses the DSS with the help of a professional, knowledgeable assistantThe assistant can be either a:

Staff AssistantTechnical Support StaffBusiness Analyst

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