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Page 1: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Dual Language Books

Page 2: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Use Books in English

for Bridging;Concept

Reinforcementat Home

and During Independent Reading Time

And Many Others in English

Grade Level 3.9; GRL = L

Grade level 5.3; GRL = O; Lexile860

Page 3: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

MyOnwww.myon.com

Use Digital Platforms

Search

Page 4: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Hurricane Listof Books in English (32)

Includes Fiction and Non-Fiction

Lexile 640Guided Reading Level = K24 pages

Find Books in Spanish

Page 5: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext
Page 6: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Find Resources Online that Were Produced First in Spanish; Emanate from Spanish Speaking Locales (Countries; Territories; States Where Spanish is Vibrant)

Page 7: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

http://www.eird.org/eng/ninos/Huracanes/Huracanes.htm

Page 8: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

No reading level given--

Use with native/proficient speakers

Page 9: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Find Material in Haitian Creole

http://educavision.com/sikln

https://archive.org/stream/ERIC_ED416698#page/n27/mode/2up

Page 10: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Gail Gibbons Child’s Encyclopedia Series (Lower primary)

Also available at:http://www.chinesebooksforchildren.com/gail-gibbons-childrens-encyclopedia-series-hurricanes/

Find Material in Chinese

Page 11: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

ChineseGRL=Q; Lexile 950, ATOS 5.6

Page 12: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

http://www.chinasprout.com/shop/BLC796

Another Possible

Text

Page 13: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Hurricane Video in Chinesehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ibZ_noIo6H8

Use with Sound Off for Oral Reports

Use “Freeze Frame” of Various Segments to Practice Giving

Explanations; Studying Writing

Page 14: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Hurricane Video in Spanishhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFsumimqTLg

Page 15: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Using Grouping and the Physical Space to Encourage Interaction

Support Verbal Production; Challenge Students to Use

Academic Language and Full Explanations

Think, Pair, Write, Share

Page 16: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

What to control• Group size (partners are best for language use

and language learning)

• Group composition – Native speaker with non-native speaker

– Matched target language proficiency (adjacent proficiency levels)

– Use of team leader (strength in target language) and compatible work partners

• Task Instructions for the group work– Proficiency compatible roles for each person

– Clear instructions as to how they are to work; what to do if lack words; Practice Opportunities to express themselves more clearly

Page 17: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

35

4. Use 10:2s whenever you are providing input

(big books, pictorials, narratives) or for

soliciting information from children

(sentence patterning, process grid, editing

co-op)

Frequency makes a difference; if you break often and

require use of the target language, you maintain the target language and give needed practice

opportunitiesThink, Pair, Write, Share

Page 18: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Give Your Partner a “Glow” and a

“Grow”

Page 19: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Talk Moves

• https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/developing-communication-skills

• 5th grade Soc. St.-1:36 mins.• https://www.teachingchanne

l.org/videos/teaching-ells-to-participate-in-discussions-ousd

• 8th grade ELA-2:35 mins.

Revoicing

Apply Own Reasoning

Restating

AgreeDisagree

Page 20: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Scripting (for Explanations of Sequential Events)

• Before (a hurricane forms)……..(x happens)• As……, (x happens)• First….. (Initially….)• Then….. (After this,…..)• Following this, …..• Finally,…..• One essential condition for (a hurricane to

form), is ……..• Another condition that is needed is….• As….(the storm passes)…..,

Page 21: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Reporting Back

• Assign groups/pairs a task/research question

• Tell them they will be reporting back

• Provide instructions for completing the task and time to perform the task

• Give them a specific time to verbally practice what they will report to the class

• Students “report back” with or without notes to support their presentation

Page 22: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Use Diagrams or Visuals with Captions to

Support Verbal Production

Page 23: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

BUILDING WRITTEN LANGUAGE:USE BOOKS AS MENTOR TEXTS

Page 24: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Improving your writing by:

Adding adjectives Adding adverbs Adding prepositional phrases Replacing verbs Combining sentences

http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Classroom-In-The-Middle Copyright Sharon Fabian 2013

Try It With These Sentences:

1. Hurricanes form above oceans.

2. When hurricanes reach land, they start to get weaker.

Page 25: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Use Texts as Mentor Textsto Expand the

Types of Sentences Used

by Students

Label Yourselves Person A and Person B

Page 26: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Person A: Find Simple, Expanded and Complex Model Sentences (for one page of one text)

Pages 8-13Higher Level Book

Page 27: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Person B: Find Simple, Compound and Complex Model Sentences (for another page of the same text)

Page 28: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Materiales para captar palabras y

oraciones

Page 29: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Build Students Writing Step-by-Step To Reach Grade Level Expectations

• Word Lists and Phrases

• Simple, Compound , then Complex Sentences

• Common, then Varied Transitions

• Short Paragraphs

Page 30: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

SENTENCE PATTERN

3. Guided Oral Practice: Flip Chart

Sentence Patterning Chart

Page 31: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

SENTENCE PATTERNS/EL PATRON DE ORACIONESGLAD STRATEGYhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTKlOp5gOfs

Page 32: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Zeroing In on Sentence Structures to Develop for Each Group of Students

WorkingontheBuildingBlocksofAdvancedLanguage

AcademicVocabularytoHighlight:

TopicRelatedLanguage:MarkWords©forCognateNouns:

Verbs: Modifiers:

OtherTypesofWords(prepositions,articles,conjunctions,pronouns,etc.):

FormsofWords(roots,prefixes,suffixes;compoundwords,etc.)withCross-lingualComparisonsasapplies:ExpandingSentenceComplexity(HomeLanguageSpeakers):

Scripts/SentencePatterns(SecondLanguageSpeakers):

VaryingConnectors/Transitions(Homelanguagespeakers):

BuildingConnectors/Transitions(SecondLanguageSpeakers):

TextStructure(s)ofFocus:(enumeration/definition,description,sequential/chronological,cause/effect,problem/solution,comparison/contrast):

Planning Form 2

Page 33: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Common Text Structures with Our Theme

Hurricanes

• Description/Enumeration of Characteristics of Hurricanes; Effects of Hurricanes

• Sequential/Chronological—What happens leading up to the formation of a hurricane

• Enumeration—Steps in How to Prepare for a Hurricane

Page 34: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

ExplanationWriting Template:Explanation

Title:

Introduction:

General statement about the topic.Definition or a question. A brief description.

Explanation:

Series of statements written in sequential order to explain:How something works.• What it is used for?• What each part does?• How the parts work

together?• How to use it?

ORWhy something happens. • How and why it starts• What happens next, why?• What happens after that,

why?• What happens finally, why?

Conclusion: summary or commentA summary or recommendation, general comment about use or history.

Preparation for Writing

Gather FactsGather Words

Use a Thesaurus; Or Gather Words as You Read

Page 35: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Giving Explanations Orally or in Writing: An Advanced Language Task

Page 36: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Nombre Fecha

Copyright ©

Houghton Mi

fflin Compan

y. All

Rights Reserved.

Mapa de ideas 1 (Cluster/Word Web 1)

Escribe el tema en el círculo del centro y los detalles en los círculos más pequeños. Dibuja máscírculos según los necesites.

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Tema

Preparation

for Writing

Page 37: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Nombre Fecha

Copyright ©

Houghton Mi

fflin Compan

y. All

Rights Reserved.

Mapa de ideas 3 (Cluster/Word Web 3)

Escribe detalles sobre tu tema en los círculos.

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Tema

Nombre Fecha

Copyright ©

Houghton Mi

fflin Compan

y. All

Rights Reserved.

Red de araña (Spider Map)

Escribe las ideas principales en las líneas que conectan dir ectamente con el círculo. Escribe losdetalles en las líneas horizontales.

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Tema

http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/spanish/

Page 38: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Topic

Nombre Fecha

Mapa de ideas 2 (Cluster/Word Web 2)

Escribe el tema en el círculo del centro y los detalles en los círculos más pequeños. Dibuja más círculos segúnlos necesites.

Copyright ©

Houghton Mif

flin Company

. All Rights

Reserved.

Tema

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Nombre Fecha

Copyright ©

Houghton Mi

fflin Compan

y. All

Rights Reserved.

Tabla de orden de eventos (Time-Order Chart)

Escribe el tema en el recuadro del centro. Escribe los eventos en los recuadros y los detalles enlas líneas horizontales.

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Tema

Evento 1 Evento 2

Evento 4Evento 3

Use Graphic Organizers to Capture Content and Prepare

for Writing

Page 39: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Preparation

for Writing

Nombre Fecha

Copyright ©

Houghton Mi

fflin Compan

y. All

Rights Reserved.

Mapa del cuento 3 (Story Map 3)

Escribe notas para completar cada sección.

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Comienzo

Medio

Final

Page 40: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Nombre Fecha

Copyright ©

Houghton Mi

fflin Compan

y. All

Rights Reserved.

Tabla de secuencia (Sequence Chart)

Escribe los pasos o eventos en orden cronológico.

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Tema

Primero

Siguiente

Siguiente

Siguiente

Siguiente

Siguiente

Siguiente

Último

Nombre Fecha

Copyright ©

Houghton Mi

fflin Compan

y. All

Rights Reserved.

Diagrama de flujo (Flow Chart)

Escribe el tema en el cuadro de arriba. Anota los pasos o eventos que siguen en or den.

Education Place: http://www.eduplace.com

Tema:

Page 41: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorg

anizer/spanish/

Page 42: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Connectives Chart

Instruct / Recount / Sequence (Temporal Connectives) • first (second third etc.) • finally • then • when • next • here • now • lastly • hitherto • at this point • at this moment • until then • meanwhile • next time • soon • after a while • at once • straightaway • in the end • afterwards • previously • before that • on another occasion • whenever • since • while • later on

Compare / Discuss / Argue (Comparative Connectives) To show a similarity or add a point

• also • in addition • furthermore • moreover • additionally • even • let alone • as well • indeed • not only

To show difference or opposition to a point • however • nevertheless • on the other hand • in contrast • though • in fact • by contrast • alternatively • even so • yet • anyway • differs from • whereas • on the contrary • in other respects • instead • rather • elsewhere • but • in spite of this • in that respect

To reinforce a point • besides • anyway • after all • moreover

Explain • for example • for instance • in other words • that is to say • besides • e.g. • in that • i.e.

List • first(ly) • second(ly) etc. • first of all • finally • lastly • for one thing • for another • in the first place • to begin with • next • in summation • to conclude

Show cause or conditions (Causal Connectives)

• so • then • therefore • consequently • hence • because • an effect of • caused by • stemmed from • otherwise • in that case • as a consequence of • yet • still • though • despite this • however • even though • all the same • nevertheless • as a result of • accordingly • so as • an upshot of • moreover • an outcome of • under the

circumstances

Exemplify / show results

• for example • for instance • for one thing

• including • these include • as exemplified by

• such as • accordingly • as a result • consequently • without • through

• therefore • so • then • provided that • unless • since

https://andrewleggett.files.wordpress.com

/2007/03/connectives-chart.doc

TeachSignal

Words/Cohesive Ties

Page 43: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

Los Conectores de texto

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-CDDmaMPb2k

Page 44: Dual Language Books€¦ · Var yi ng C onnector s/ T r ans iti ons ( H ome language speak er s) : B ui ldi ng C onnector s / T r ans iti ons ( Second L anguage Speak er s ) : T ext

250 CONECTORES TEXTUALES – Por Edgar Bravo www.travesiasfilosoficas.blogspot.com

Los conectores son marcas que orientan al lector en el descubrimiento de la coherencia que subyace en la estructura superficial del texto. Mediante los conectivos el escritor organiza retóricamente y lógicamente la información de sus textos. El lector, por su parte, se apoya en los conectores para descubrir con más facilidad cómo se relaciona en el texto la información nueva con la suministrada anteriormente. (DIAZ, 1987: 43).Características textuales de los conectores (DIAZ, 1987: 42-43):· Numerosos conectores son polisémicos: un mismo conector puede expresar diferentes relaciones en contextos lingüísticos diferentes.· Una misma relación lógico-semántica se puede expresar mediante diferentes conectores.· Aún cuando diferentes conectores pueden expresar una misma relación semántica, no por eso son conmutables.

Relaciones Conectores

1. Aclaración, repetición:

proporcionan mayor claridad y énfasis a una idea.

Como se ha dicho

Con esto quiero decir

Conviene subrayar

Dicho de otra manera

En otras palabras

Es decir

Es necesario recalcar que

Esto es

Lo anterior no quiere decir que

Lo dicho hasta aquí supone que

Los anteriores conceptos se esclarecerán

en lo que sigue

Nada de lo expuesto hasta aquí

significa que

No me referiré a

Todo esto parece confirmar

Una cosa es... y otra

Cosa distinta es

Me gustaría dejar claro

2. Adición: agregan nuevos datos al desarrollo de una idea o introduce otro aspecto del tema.

Además

Así mismo

Hay que mencionar, además

Habría que decir también

Mas aún

No sólo... sino también

Otro rasgo de

Por otra parte

Por otro lado

Se debe agregar que

También

Todavía cabe señalar

3. Cambio de perspectiva:

anuncian que se va a abordar otro aspecto del mismo tema.

A su vez

Acerca de

Con respecto a

El siguiente aspecto trata de

En cuanto a

En relación con

Por lo que se refiere a

Por otra parte

Por otro lado

4. Causa: introducen ideas que se erigen como causa o premisa de una determinada conclusión.

A causa de

Como

Considerando que

Dado que

En vista de que

Porque

Puesto que

Teniendo en cuenta que

Ya que

5. Coexistencia: expresan que un evento se realiza al mismo tiempo que otro con el que guarda relación.

Al mismo tiempo

Algo semejante ocurre (sucede) con

Cosa parecida sucede también con

De igual modo (manera, modo, suerte)

Igualmente

Mientras tanto

Por otra parte

Por otro lado

Simultáneamente

Todas estas observaciones se

relacionan también con

6. Comienzo: Inician un tema nuevo

Acerca de

Con respecto a

El siguiente punto trata de

En cuanto a

En lo que toca a

En relación con

Otro punto es

Por lo que se refiere a

Sobre

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7. Concesión, restricción:

expresan una restricción o una objeción que no llega a invalidar la validez o la realización de un evento.

A pesar de que

Al contrario

Aunque

Desde otro punto de vista

En contraste con lo anterior

Existe, empero

Más no se trata tan sólo de

No obstante

Por el contrario

Sin embargo

8. Conclusión o consecuencia:

anuncian proposiciones que encabezan una conclusión, una consecuencia o efecto..

Así que

Como resultado

De ahí que

De donde resulta que

De donde se infiere que

De manera que

De modo que

En conclusión

En consecuencia

En definitiva

Es así que

Es por esto que

Para concluir

Por consiguiente

Por esto

Por lo cual

Por tanto

Por todo esto

Razón(es) por la(s) cual(es)

Se infiere que

9. Condición:expresan una condición necesaria para que ocurra o tenga validez un determinado evento.

A condición de que

A menos que

A no ser que

Con que

Con tal que

En caso de que

Si aceptamos que

Si esto es así

Si… entonces

Siempre que

Siempre y cuando

10. Continuidad: Para dar continuidad al

tema o mostrar una transición.

A continuación

Además

Ahora puedo decir

Ahora veamos

Antes de examinar

Avanzando en nuestro razonamiento

Como se afirmo arriba

Con respecto al primer punto

Consideremos ahora

Dicho lo anterior

Empezaré por considerar

Examinaremos brevemente ahora

Hecha esta salvedad

Llegados a este punto

Luego

Prosigamos nuestro análisis

Volviendo al tema que nos ocupa

(después de una digresión)

11. Contraste u oposición:

expresan un contraste o una oposición entre dos ideas o entre dos situaciones.

A pesar de que

Ahora bien

Antes bien

Aun + (gerundio)

Aunque

Con todo

En cambio

En contraste con

No obstante

Pero

Por el contrario

Por más que

Si bien

Sin embargo

12. De conformidad: anuncian una conformidad, similitud o semejanza con algo que se planteó anteriormente.

Acorde con

Así mismo

Conforme a

De acuerdo con

De igual modo

De manera análoga

De manera semejante

Del mismo modo

En consonancia con

Igualmente

Lo que es lo mismo

Similarmente

13. Detalles: señalan o determinan un

aspecto preciso.

Cfr. [Confróntese]

De manera puntual me refiero a

En concreto

En el caso de

En particular

Exploremos un poco la idea de que

Para comprender mejor

Para ser más específicos

Será preciso mostrar que

14. Ejemplificar: Ilustran o ejemplifican una idea.

Así, por ejemplo,

Baste, como muestra

Comenzaré dando un ejemplo sobre

El siguiente ejemplo sirve para

Este ejemplo basta para Ilustremos lo

dicho con

Para ilustrar mejor

Pongamos por caso

Sirva de ejemplo (modelo)

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15. Énfasis: enfatizan o destacan ideas o puntos importantes que no deben pasar desapercibidos.

Definitivamente

Deseo subrayar que

En efecto

En particular

En realidad

Indiscutiblemente

Lo más importante

Lo peor del caso

Por supuesto que

Precisamente

Sobre todo

16. Finalidad: encabezan proposiciones que expresan una finalidad o un propósito.

A fin de

Con el fin de

Con el objetivo

Con el propósito de

Con la finalidad de

Con la intención de

Con miras a

Para que

17. Hipótesis: encabezan juicios de los que no se tiene certeza absoluta, pero que es posible que sean acertados por las características y de lo observado.

A lo mejor

Admitamos por el momento

Consideremos esta hipótesis:

Es posible que

Es probable que

Parto de la siguiente hipótesis

Planteo como hipótesis

Posiblemente

Probablemente

Quizás

Supongamos

Tal vez

18. Introducción: Introducen el tema del texto

El objetivo principal de

El propósito de este

En lo que sigue voy a

Este texto trata de

La finalidad de este escrito es

La pretensión de este ensayo es

Me propongo exponer

Mi propósito al escribir este ensayo

es

Voy a plantear

19. Objeción:se anticipa a responder una posible objeción del lector

Ante la objeción

Antes de continuar voy a responder a

unas probables objeciones

Oigo ya venir una objeción

Para quienes piensan que

Quienes refutan esta idea (o posición)

sostienen que

Se podría objetar que… , sin

embargo,

Voy a responder ahora a una

objeción

20. Resumen:recapitulan, sintetizan o resumen una información previa.

Dicho brevemente

En definitiva

En pocas palabras

En resumen

En síntesis

En suma

Para simplificar

Podemos condensar lo dicho hasta aquí

Resumiendo

Resumo ahora la tesis de este

ensayo:

Sintetizando, pues, diré para

terminar

21. Secuencia, orden

cronológico: organizan secuencias o ideas siguiendo un orden lógico, cronológico o de importancia.

A continuación

Antes de examinar

Después

En primer lugar

En segunda instancia

En segundo lugar

En último lugar

Finalmente

Luego

Para empezar

Para terminar

Enseguida

22. Semejanza: colocan dos juicios en un mismo plano de importancia.

Así mismo

De igual manera

De igual modo

De la misma forma

De manera semejante

Igualmente

Bibliografía: CASSANY, La cocina de la escritura. Barcelona: Anagrama, 1995. p. 154-157.DÍAZ, Álvaro, Aproximación al texto escrito. Medellín: Universidad de Antioquia, 1987. p. 32-43.VÁSQUEZ RODRIGUEZ, Fernando, Pregúntele al ensayista. Bogotá: s.n., 2005. p. 159-202.

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USE TRANSLANGUAGINGAND BRIDGING

STRATEGIES TO MAKE ESSENTIAL

CONNECTIONS BETWEEN THE TWO LANGUAGES

Translanguaging

encourages emergent

bilinguals to access

their full, complex language repertoire.

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!

Translanguaging!in!Curriculum!and!Instruction:!

A!CUNY7NYSIEB!Guide!for!Educators!

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th%grade%class,%CUNY9NYSIEB%School%

Sarah!Hesson!

Kate!Seltzer!

Heather!H.!Woodley!!%

December%2014%%

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THIS%GUIDE%HAS%NOT%BEEN%REVIEWED%BY%THE%NEW%YORK%STATE%EDUCATION%DEPARTMENT%

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Having translanguaging spaces for instruction does not in any way dismiss the need for separate spaces in which children are asked to perform in one language or the other. These separate spaces have been created so that the teacher knows what language to use, and so that students have to expand their language practices to meet the exigencies of communication with monolinguals.

Bilingual teachers must allocate a different space to each of the languages but they must also make connections among the two languages.

https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL72WgjD2ZG73igLhvzv_69lnjarivfKS5

Translanguaging in Curriculum and Instruction: a CUNY-NYSIEB Guide for Educators

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• Transfer academic content students have learned in one language to another

• Engage in contrastive analysis between English and Spanish

• Develop students’ academic language in both languages across the content areas

• Develop metalinguistic awareness

https://www.teachingchannel.org/blog/2017/09/15/teaching-for-biliteracy/

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Plan for Bridging Activities

Let’s Look at Our Options!

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TRANSLANGUAGING TEACHING STRATEGIES

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7+' 82#//

Beeman, K. and Urow, C. 2012

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Seeing Connections Between Their Two Languages at a Word and Sentence Level

522) *' 6/7-/*' 8/9 #$%6/: -/; <=; /

: $' (#*GMN2/>' *,AG+G/

Beeman, K. and Urow, C. 2012

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>G_/G2/8+!2/B/C2' (2' !2/F2N2,/

Beeman, K. and Urow, C. 2012

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Strategy: Use blue and black ink; Blue=language of instruction; black = bridge language

• show the similarities and differences between the two languages.

• focuses on the structures of language, which may include phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and even possible pragmatics,

• looks at the two languages with a side-by-side contrastive analysis.

Center for Teaching for Biliteracy ; Karen Beeman and Cheryl Urowhttp://www.teachingforbiliteracy.com/

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23

Pictorial Input Charts

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Bridging Content Between the Two Languages in a

Dual Language ClassroomThings to Notice While Watching:

1. Language of Instruction2. When bridging takes place3. Tactics Used for

Bridging/Translanguaging4. Supports Available to the

Students5. Grouping Practices6. Teacher Roles

https://www.teachingchannel.org/blog/2017/09/15/dual-language-classroom/

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Bridging Between the Two Languages

Discuss What You Noticed About:

1. The Language of Instruction2. When Bridging Takes Place3. Tactics Used for

Bridging/Translanguaging4. Supports Available to the

Students5. Grouping Practices6. Teacher Roles

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OUTWARD EXTENSIONS:LINKING WITH AUTHENTIC LITERATURE

LINKING WITH HOME AND COMMUNITY

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Provide Plenty Of Parallel Books (L1/L2) and Dual Language Books For Parents

• Send home both language versions of books for the students to read alone or with family members (including recorded books)

• Use high quality books that are originally written in the home language; not translations

• Use books that invite language use and practice (simple picture books; books with photographs and illustrations)

• Purchase many dual language books and show students and families how to use them.

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Fostering Language

Development:

• Naming and labeling

• Describing and explaining

• Asking and answering questions

• Telling and retelling how things happen

Promoting Talk With Illustrations in Books

CCSS SL4.1.: Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with diverse partners on grade level topics and texts, building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly.

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Offers parents and caregivers a way to talk with their children about hurricanes. This children’s book describes some of Trinka's and Sam’s reactions to a hurricane, talks about how their parents help them express their feelings and feel safer. A caregiver guide is available in the back of the book that provides ways parents can use the story with their children. This is the Creole version of Trinka and Sam: The Rainy Windy Day.

Published in 2017

https://www.nctsn.org/resources/trinka-ak-sam-nan-yon-jounen-anpil-van-ak-laplihttps://www.nctsn.org/sites/default/files/resources//trinka_sam_the_rainy_windy_day_sp.pdf

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Advancing Biliteracy at Home and at School

• Use dual language books, so that parents can participate in whatever language is most comfortable, or in the case of DL programs, see what the other language is saying

• Provide recorded books whenever possible so the book can be enjoyed irrespective of the reading level of the parents

• Share Ideas with parents as to how they can encourage their child’s biliteracy

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Bridging to Quality Children’s Literature

Arielle is given a little coconut plant as a present. She plants the tree, watches it grow, bloom flowers and finally produces coconuts. A hurricane does major damage to many of the neighborhood plants including uprooting the coconut tree. The cycle of life goes on when two small coconuts are found and are planted, giving rise to two new plants.

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Hurricane is Coming台風到http://www.chinasprout.com/shop/BSE596

With repetitive sentences and vivid pictures, these small readers help young children learn to read easily and quickly. Each picture in the book gets the reader to guess what happens next, helping to improve thinking ability and recognition.

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The Caribbean Hurricane

Huraca’n (uh-ra-kah-an), Taíno.Huracan (uh-ra-kahn), Spanish.Hurricane (hurry-cane) English.

1.Hura = wind + Ca'n = center, i.e., the Center of the Wind.

2. Sometimes confused with the Maya god Kulucan, the Spirit of the Storms. The Spanish were headquartered in the Taíno Island in the Caribbean for over 20 years before acquiring words from the Mayan language of Central America.

The image in the above illustration depicts the Taínoversion of the huraca’n superimposed over hurricane Katrina as she left the Caribbean and approached New Orleans, Louisiana. The ancient indigenous people of the Caribbean, the Taíno, had a perfect understanding of the weather phenomenon that annually plagued their Paradise-like territory. The huraca’n was definitely an angry woman goddess, "Rider of the Winds".

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Myth—MitoExplains how hurricanes came to be (Main characters are deities)

There are two possible origins of the word “hurricane.” According to one source, the word “Hurricane” is derived from the Spanish word “huracan”, the origin of which is the Carib term for “God of Evil”. Other sources, however, postulate that the word is derived from the name of the Mayan storm god, “Hurakan.”

The Carib language is the language of indigenous people living among the northern coast of South America, stretching from Brazil to the Columbian Andes and northward to Venezuela. The Spanish explorer Columbus would have encountered the Carib language as well as the Arawak language during his attempts to find a westward passage to India.

There is ample justification for attributing the source of the word “hurricane” from either the Carib or the Mayan language.

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Use Narrative

Input Charts to Capture

Story Events

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Talk Moves

Scripting

GLAD Strategies

Graphic Organizers as

Planners; Essay Frames

Using Visuals to Practice Naming, Describing, Explaining

Reporting Back; Oral Reports; Narrating

Videos

Mentor Texts

Strategies for Advancing Language Proficiency

Cloud, 2018

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• What’s one important idea you got from the session to take back to your colleagues?

• What new resources did you discover?

• What teaching strategies will be useful to you?

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Nancy Cloud, Professor EmeritaFeinstein School of Education

Rhode Island [email protected]