dyop basics

The Dyop™ Revolution

Allan HytowitzAnimated Vision Associates

Bringing acuity into the 21St Century

Copyright©2012 - Animated Vision Associates – All Rights Reserved

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A vision test that is… less expensive,

faster to use, more precise,

…than current vision optotypes.

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“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.”

Arthur C. Clarke’s Third Law

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One of these things is not like the others….


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1984 International Vision Standards

1862 Optotype Precision5 arc minutes or 5.0 arc minutes?

Or is it 5.2 arc minutes or 4.8 arc minutes?

(Pi used to be 3.0)

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Pi used to be 3.0

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Pi used to be 3.0

A White on Black stimulus gives a more precise refraction

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1984 Optotype PrecisionHow much guessing is 3 out of 5 correct answers?

All Clinical images are not the same.

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1994 Optotype PrecisionSnellen letters must be 15% smaller … ……………….

to be equivalent to the Landolt ring. - Wolfgang Grimm, 1994 Optometry and Vision Science,

Vol. 71, No. 1, pp 6-13.

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The Snellen “hidden secret”

The Snellen Visual Acuity “end point” has the patient identifying 3 out of 5 optotypes, which is a 60% comprehension score.

It is a subjective and a “failing grade” for both optometry AND the patient.

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XIV. Review of This StandardXIV.1 A standard is meant to be a stable entity, yet all

points are not established by experimental certainty, deficiencies are periodically revealed and need correction, new developments in tests are occurring, etc. Thus, a standard may be an evolving document and needs to be re-viewed periodically and should not be regarded as immutable.

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Problems with Current Vision Tests

• Culturally based / culturally biased• Based upon comprehension and not acuity• 5 arc minute standard is insufficiently precise

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Problems with Current Vision Tests

• Tendency for excess refraction• Based upon reverse stimulation• Causes retinal fatigue• Causes decision fatigue

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Our eyes developed as survival sensors to detect motion and distance and NOT just the difference

between the letters ‘E’ and ‘C’.

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The eye is NOT an analog camera


The eye developed as a survival sensor to detect motion and distance

and is NOT an analog camera

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Welcome to Vision Science

Landolt C & Snellen diameter = 5 arc minutes60 arc minutes = 1 degree

360 degrees = circle Landolt C & Snellen diameter = 8.89 mm at 20 feet

90 degrees

Optotypes

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0 m

m V

iew

ing

Dis

tan

ce

C E

200 mm separation20 arc degreesarc width


17Dyop™ perception

Welcome to Vision Science

Elements of AcuityImage Diameter + Threshold Distance = Image Distance

If the Image Diameter is constantAcuity = Image Distance / Threshold Distance


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Anatomy of a digital camera

The eye is akin to a digital camera


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Pixels in the Eye

Pixels in the Eye

Acuity is determined by cone photoreceptor perceptionRed + Green + Blue


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The Dyop™ Revolution10,000 hours later….

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This is a Dyop™(short for Dynamic Optotype™)

22White/Black Dyop™ on a Gray Background

Optimum Dyop™ Black/White on a Gray background 10 % stroke width = 7.6 arc minutes

Dyops™ take the guesswork out of acuity


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Landolt Ring and Snellen letters

• Culturally based / culturally biased

• Based upon comprehension and not acuity

• 5 arc minute standard is insufficiently precise

• Tendency for excess refraction

• Based upon reverse stimulation

• Causes retinal fatigue

• Causes decision fatigue

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2012 Dyop™ Vision Standards

Advantages of Dyops™ as the Vision Standard

• Clinical and Research standards are identical

• Minimizes Clinical variations

• Eliminates cultural and educational bias

• Based upon physiology rather than subjective comprehension

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2012 Dyop™ Vision Standards

Advantages of Dyops™ as the Vision Standard

• Significantly more precise

• Significantly faster to administer

• Provides a significant increase in low vision testing ability

• Provides infant/non-literate testing relevant to adult acuity

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How Dyops™ Work

Dyop™ perception

7.6 arc minutes

The size of the 20/20 Dyop™ Distance image remains constant at 7.6 arc minutes.

Acuity = Dyop™ Distance / Threshold Distance (e.g. 20/40)

Image Diameter vs. 20/20 Dyop™ Distance vs. Threshold Distance


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Dyop ™ stroke width versus photoreceptor stimulus path

Thinner Dyop™ = thinner segment photoreceptor stimulus Thicker Dyop™ = thicker segment photoreceptor stimulus


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Our eyes developed to detect motion and distance

photoreceptors

neural layers

100 photoreceptors

1 optic nerve fiber


Helping the world see clearly, one person at a time


Increased acuity precision.

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Dyop™ Applications

•Acuity Test

•Refraction Test

•Screening Test (Infants/Children)

•Color Perception Test

•Dyslexia Screening Test

White/Black Dyop™ on a Gray Background


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Rapid Dyop™ Acuity measurement

Rapid Dyop™ Acuity Range Determination


You either see the rotation or you don’t.Clockwise or Counter-Clockwise.

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Precise Dyop™ Acuity measurement



You either see the rotation or you don’t.Clockwise or Counter-Clockwise.

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Precise Dyop™ Acuity measurement



Acuity at a 10 foot virtual distance

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Dyop™ Acuity Referral



Find an Optometrist

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Dyop™ Acuity Referral



Find an Ophthalmologist

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Precise Dyop™ Refraction measurement



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Rapid Dyop™ Refraction measurement

Precise Dyop™ Acuity Determination



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Refraction in 0.06 diopter increments

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Dyops™ eliminate the difference between the “science of test taking versus the art of prescribing.” - Dr. Richard Heggeland

40Dyop Infant Acuity – 10 foot image

Dyop™ Acuity Screening

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versus the Teller Test

The Teller Acuity Test allows pediatric vision testing to be performed conveniently in a low-stress clinical environment, rather than in a laboratory. The Teller Acuity Test is designed specifically for easy administration. The test takes only about five to 10 minutes to complete for both eyes, and involves no discomfort on the part of the patient.

Dyop Infant Acuity vs. the Teller Test


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Rotating Dyops™ alternately appear in the Left and Right Panels. The Dyop™ images get incrementally smaller with each cycle.

At a 5 foot Viewing Distance the “4 foot” Dyop™ images cannot be seen.Seeing the “4 foot” Dyop™ images at a 3 foot Distance indicates 20/20 acuity.

Dyop Infant Acuity – 10 foot image

Infants and children and non-verbal adults.A 60 seconds test that doesn’t need reading skills


43Dyop Infant Acuity – 10 foot image


Rotating Dyops™ alternately appear in the Left and Right Panels. The Dyop™ images get incrementally smaller with each cycle.

At a 3 foot Viewing Distance the “4 foot” Dyop™ images CAN be seen.Seeing the “4 foot” Dyop™ images at a 3 foot Distance indicates 20/20 acuity.

Infants and children and non-verbal adults.A 60 seconds test that doesn’t need reading skills

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Dyop™ Dyslexia Screening

Chromatic Refraction™

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Chris Chase, Western University


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How much value can Dyops™ add to the

practice of an Eye Care Professional?

The Dyop™ Return on Investment

The Dyop™ added value

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___ more patient per hour ___ more patients per day ____ more patients per week _____ more patients per month ______ more patients per year plus ______ extra sets of glasses


The Dyop™ added value1 patient

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_1_ more patient per hour ___ more patients per day ____ more patients per week _____ more patients per month ______ more patients per year plus ______ extra sets of glasses



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_1_ more patient per hour _5_ more patients per day ____ more patients per week _____ more patients per month ______ more patients per year plus ______ extra sets of glasses



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_1_ more patient per hour _5_ more patients per day _25_ more patients per week _____ more patients per month ______ more patients per year plus ______ extra sets of glasses



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_1_ more patient per hour _5_ more patients per day _25_ more patients per week _100_ more patients per month ______ more patients per year plus ______ extra sets of glasses



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_1_ more patient per hour _5_ more patients per day _25_ more patients per week _100_ more patients per month _1200_ more patients per year plus ______ extra sets of glasses



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_1_ more patient per hour _5_ more patients per day _25_ more patients per week _100_ more patients per month _1200_ more patients per year plus __600_ extra sets of glasses



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_1_ more patient per hour _5_ more patients per day _25_ more patients per week _100_ more patients per month _1200_ more patients per year plus __600_ extra sets of glasses

Per Doctor




How much is each exam worth?$20





$20 times 25 patients per week = $500








4 weeks ROI per Doctor = $2,000

48 weeks added profit per Doctor = $24,000


More referrals to Dyop™ Certified Practitioners

Web based vision standard = more patients

More precise refractions = better patient service

More precise refractions = fewer patent do-overs

Faster refractions = more patients serviced



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200,000 global optometrists

50,000 global ophthalmologists

7 billion people

dyop basics

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