e governance lecture 2

8/8/2019 E Governance Lecture 2

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E Governance:E Governance:

The concepts,The concepts,

Requirements, Stages,Requirements, Stages,

and Problems.and Problems.


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GOVERNANCE

means the process of decision-making and theprocess by which decisions are implemented.

Mean the interaction between government andcitizens, and government and businesses as

well as internal government operations.

GOOD GOVERNANCE

Means a modern, democratic and transparent

approach to politics and political administrationwith special attention given to its developmentalaspects.


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Characteristics of Good GovernanceCharacteristics of Good Governance

Consensus oriented Accountable

Participatory Transparent

Follows the

rule of law Responsive

Effective and Efficient Equitable and inclusive

GOOD

GOVERNANCE


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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GOODIMPLEMENTATION OF THE GOOD

GOVERNANCE CONCEPTGOVERNANCE CONCEPT

Focuses on :

Participation

Responsiveness Equity and inclusiveness

Effectiveness and efficiency

Accessible Government is a foundation forgood governance.


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EE--GOVERNANCEGOVERNANCEIncorporates the concepts of governance, good

governance and ICT solutions. Good governance facilitated by the use ofICT.

ICT is an integral part.

Is the modern part to re-enforcing the connection

between public officials and communities thereby leadingto a stronger, more accountable and inclusive

democracy.

It is further reinforcing democracy through the

implementation of good governance conceptand enabling citizens to explore and fully bring

to effect opportunities offered by ICT and global

digital environment.


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ICT Solutions

Good Governance

Governance

eGovernance

E governance is the application of information technology to the processesOf government functioning to bring about

Simple

Moral

Accountable

Responsive and

Transparent Governance


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Government EGovernment E--Governance DirectionGovernance Direction

Empowering citizens

Better service delivery

Economic development


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Citizens expectation from eCitizens expectation from e--governancegovernance

Easy and fast information access about

the government and its services

Flexibility in accessing the services

Responsiveness to feedback aboutservices content and quality.


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It requires more than ICT to makeIt requires more than ICT to make

the impact:the impact:

Pro-poor policies

Decentralized d-making reform

Education

Basic infrastructure.


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Phases of the Implementation ProcessPhases of the Implementation Process

Presence. In this phase, basic information on the service is

provided to the public.

Interaction. Basic communication is established with the publicand basic search tools are introduced.

Transaction. Includes transactions conducted for the provision

of government services, which become an alternative to going

to government offices in person.

Transformation. Refers to changes in the way services are

provided, such that services that are part of an agencys critical

mission are provided electronically and applications that

manage the provision of services to citizens are introduced.


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Requirements for an eRequirements for an e--GovernanceGovernance

ProjectProject e-Government means putting aninformation system for citizens online. An information system as an essential

requirement. The information must be useful, so as to

avoid user frustration.

The information system must involve the

entire organization, not only certaindepartments.

Making information available to the public(and making it easy for the public to correctthat information) is the best way to gradually

improve it.


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ProjectProject Priorities should be defined and political

support should be obtained

The network infrastructure must be builtand kept secure.

Internet access for employees of the

corporations, schools, as well as thegeneral public needs, to be promoted.


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ProjectProject Making e-mail accounts available to

everyone:

It should be possible to contact all officialsby e-mail

This should be the main means of

communication among a government

agency's employees A general directory should be maintained


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ProjectProject The information

made available by a

government agency

must be easy toaccess:

It should be easier

to access

informationelectronically than

by traditional means

Printing costs

should decline


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ProjectProject

Automating procedures:

Administrative processes can be initiated,

consulted, and carried out through the new

access systems.

Greater transparency in the process.

Indicate formalities and procedures on

which information will be given on theInternet.


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ProjectProject

Catalyzing services for the "virtual

community": Job bank

Advisory services for companies

Advertising for local SMEs

Real-estate (housing) exchange Application and webpage hosting

Clearinghouse for training courses


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Where to Begin?Where to Begin?

There are crucial elements for developing

e-government:

An organizational and institutional structure. Launching projects and generating a

multiplier effect.

Development of a more comprehensive

analysis of an e-government strategy and anaction plan.


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Stages: Basic ArchitectureStages: Basic Architecture

The architecture required for an e-

government system has the following

components: Portal: An integrated website that acts as

a gateway for a broad range of services

for citizens and business users.

Access devices: Electronic services couldbe accessed by telephone, PC, PDA, etc.


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The architecture required for an e-government system has the followingcomponents:

Government intranet: Should be linked tothe various departments in a governmentagency and integrate internal databases.

Government extranet: Connects thegovernment agency with the public,companies, and other users, such asuniversities, libraries, etc.

STAGESSTAGES--CONTCONT


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How to Establish an eHow to Establish an e--GovernanceGovernance

ProgramProgram Centralized implementation model:

Decisions are made by top officials in the

executive branch. For example, an e-government ministerial board can be

formed.

A master plan is drawn up, and

government agencies are instructed todevelop their own applications in line with

it.

Technological standards are determined

b a su ervisor bod .


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How to Establish an eHow to Establish an e--GovernanceGovernance

ProgramProgram Decentralized model implementation:

Each government agency develops its own plans,

based on its own priorities or criteria.

The variety of topics may be broader and may

come from internal or external workgroups.

Each agency determines the contents of its

applications and how they will be used, although

one government agency will define cross-agency

standards.

Innovations are gestated from within the agencies

themselves.


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Example of eExample of e--GovernanceGovernance

ApplicationsApplications Portal for Online Transactions:

Problems being targeted:

Need to go to several different government pages

to carry out online transactions. Both portals and individual pages offer little

interaction with users. Hence, citizens continue tocarry out transactions at government offices.

Objective: To offer a one-stop portal where citizenscan access information and carry out transactionswith respect to government services.


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ApplicationsApplications

Electronic Access:

Problems being targeted: Only a smallpercentage of the population has Internet

access; this presents a major obstacle for

implementing an e-government model

intended to reach most of the population

Objective: To increase the number ofaccess points, by setting up either

community telecenters with Internet

access or kiosks/terminals in government

offices.


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ApplicationsApplications Government Intranet:

Problems being targeted: The lack of electroniccommunication between government agencies

delays processes and raises the cost ofcommunication and management. Moreover,although many state agencies use technologicaltools, principally e-mail and webpages, furtherefforts need to be undertaken for thesetechnologies to provide support for internal

administration, for certain definitions to bestandardized, and for other ITs to be used..

Objective: To introduce the use of ITs, therebyencouraging increased efficiency and efficacy inthe management of public institutions.


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ApplicationsApplications Procurements:

Problems being targeted: Procurement bidding

processes have traditionally been carried out with

printed material, with the state devoting

budgetary resources to publishing and printing

forms and biding conditions. Similarly, there is a

lack of trust in the transparency of bidding

processes themselves, and in the announcementof awards.

Objective: To develop a model by which goods and

services procurements can be handled

electronically.


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ApplicationsApplications One-Stop Window:

Problems being targeted: Some public services

require the participation of more than one

government agency. At present, to obtain these

services, it is necessary to go in person to each

agency, as they are not offered electronically.

Objective: One-stop windows are intended toprovide an economically viable access to

government services, so as to make it more

convenient and economical to carry out

transactions with government agencies. Thesewindows will be tailored to the needs of users of


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challengeschallenges

Very slow process with long gestation period Exposed to risk of ever changing priority

due to changing Heads of govt depts

Availability of connectivity, hardware, but not the

content

Skepticism from citizens due to delay in getting

widespread tangible benefits

Lack of commitment Lack of accountability

Lack of transparency


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THANK YOU

e governance lecture 2

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