E-Government, E-Learning, and C2C EC Applications

E-government: The use of IT and e-commerce to provide access to government information and delivery of public services to citizens and business partners

Offers an opportunity to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the functions of government and to make governments more transparent to citizens and businesses by providing access to more of the information generated by government

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Government-to-citizens (G2C): E-government category that includes all the interactions between a government and its citizens

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Major features of government Web sites: phone and address information links to other sites publications databases

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Major areas of G2C activities: tourism and recreation research and education downloadable forms discovery of government services information about public policy advice about health and safety issues

Useful in solving constituents’ problems

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Netizen: A citizen surfing the Internet

Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) nationwide EBT system to deliver

government benefits electronically▪ deliver benefits to recipients’ bank accounts▪ smart card system for those without bank

accounts

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Government-to-business (G2B): E-government category that includes interactions between governments and businesses (government selling to businesses and providing them with services and businesses selling products and services to government)

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Group purchasingeFAST service conducts reverse auctions for aggregated orders

Forward e-auctionsauction surplus or other goods

Tax collection and managementelectronic filing of taxes is now available in over 100 countries

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Government-to-government (G2G): E-government category that includes activities within government units and those between governments

Government-to-employees (G2E): E-government category that includes activities and services between government units and their employees

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Transformation processStage 1: Information publishing/disseminationStage 2: “Official” two-way transactions with one

department at a timeStage 3: Multipurpose portalsStage 4: Portal personalizationStage 5: Clustering of common servicesStage 6: Full integration and enterprise

transformation

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Implementation issues Transformation speed G2B implementation Security and privacy issues Wireless applications

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E-learning: The online delivery of information for purposes of education, training, or knowledge management

Web-enabled system that makes knowledge accessible to those who need it when they need it, anytime,

anywhere

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Benefits of e-learning Time reduction Large volume and diversity Cost reduction Higher content retention Flexibility Updated and consistent material Fear-free environment

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Drawbacks and challenges of e-learning Need for instructor retraining Equipment needs and support services Lack of face-to-face interaction and campus

life Assessment Maintenance and updating Protection of intellectual property Computer literacy Student retention

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E-learning failures due to: Believing that e-learning is always a

cheaper learning or training alternative Overestimating what e-learning can

accomplish Overlooking the shortcomings of self-

study Failing to look beyond the course

paradigms

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Viewing content as a commodity, which causes lack of attention to quality and delivery to individuals

Ignoring technology tools for e-learning or, on the other hand, fixating too much on

Technology as a solution Assuming that learned knowledge will be

applied Believing that because e-learning has

been implemented, employees and students will use it

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Virtual and online universities Distance learning: Formal education

that takes place off campus, usually, but not always, through online resources

Virtual university: An online university from which students take classes from home or other off-site locations usually via the Internet

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Drivers of e-learning Technological change Competition and cost pressures Globalization Continual learning Network connectivity

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E-learning tools available from: WebCT Blackboard Learning Space from Lotus

Corporation Computerprep.com Macromedia.com Ecollege.com

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Implementing e-learning centers A learning center is a focal point for

all corporate training and learning activities, including online ones

Facilities may be run by a third party rather than connected to any particular corporation, and they are referred to as electronic education malls

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C2C auctions general sites (eBay.com,

auctionanything.com) specialized sites (buyit.com, bid2bid.com)

Classified ads national, rather than a local, audience greatly increases the supply of goods and

services available and the number of potential buyers

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Personal services lawyers handy helpers tax preparers investment clubs dating services

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C2C exchanges consumer-to-consumer bartering

exchanges (targetbarter.com) consumer exchanges that help

buyers and sellers find each other and negotiate deals (see business2.com)

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