e-voting a south african perspective...§e-voting is the use of electronic means to cast a vote...
TRANSCRIPT
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E-voting: A South African Perspective
Eraneé Swanepoel
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Introduction
Definition of Democracy
“the free and equal right of every person to participate in a
system of government often practiced by electing
representatives of the people by the majority of the people”
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Introduction
§South Africa’s first democratic election April 1994
§Biggest achievement in the South African history
§ IEC (Independent Electoral Commission) responsible for
election process
§ IEC Vision Statement
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South African Electoral System
§The current electoral system makes use of ballot papers.
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Electoral System Characteristics
§Current system has drawbacks
§Question how “Free & Fair?”
§Survey 2008 concern about confidence
- Sample was conducted on 2400 South Africans
- 58% had confidence in ballot form
§ Multiple votes reported
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Electoral System Characteristics
§ Election 2004 cost R790 million = R50.59 per vote
§ Election 1999 cost R713.5 million = R44.65 per vote
§ Election 1994 cost R960 million = R49.15 per vote
§ Large number of adults illiterate
- 24 % over the age of 15
- Voting can be challenging for illiterate people
§ 2009 Election
- 239 237 national & 223 463 provincial spoilt votes
§ 11 official languages
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Electoral System Characteristics
§Poverty one of South Africa’s biggest challenges
- 50 % of the population in underprivileged conditions
- Contribute to transport problems
- People living in rural areas = limited funds
§Decrease in Voting participation
- 1994 = 84%
- 1999 = 63% of total population voted
- 2004 = 61%
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Electoral System Characteristics
§People with disabilities face disadvantages
- Blind person requires assistance
- Integrity of vote influenced
§Large % of South Africans live abroad
- Since 2009 eligible to vote
- Access to an embassy difficult
§All of these drawbacks could hamper the trust in the South
African electoral system
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Electoral System Characteristics
§ South Africans should trust the electoral system
§ Information protection of utmost importance
§ Risks threaten confidentiality, integrity & availability
§ Contribute to “free and fair” elections
Availability
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E-voting
§Possible solution = Electronic Voting (E-voting)
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E-voting Systems
§E-voting is the use of electronic means to cast a vote
§E-voting implemented worldwide
- Estonia
- Brazil
- India
§Different types of E-Voting:
- Punch cards
- Optical scan voting systems
- Direct record electronic voting systems (DRE)
- The Internet = Web-based voting systems
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E-voting System
§E-Voting enables new methods of polling
- Facilitates the comfort of voters
§ citizens living abroad
- Opportunity to participate
§ citizens with transport problems
- Mobility of voters
§ disabled people
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E-voting System
§Beneficial to:
- Citizens living abroad
- Transport problems
- Disabled people that’s limited in terms of mobility
§User friendly graphical user interface
- Help illiterate people
§Accommodate multiple languages
§Reduce ballot paper cost = reduce environmental effects
§ Increase voter turnout
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E-voting Characteristics
§With added benefits come increased security
§E-voting systems:
- Store
- Send
- Process
§Protect election information against threats
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E-voting Security Challenges
§Threats include but not limited:
- Viruses
- Worms
- Hackers
- Social engineering
- Physical tampering
§Worse-case scenario = devastating effects
§Security one of the biggest challenges facing E-voting
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E-voting Security
§Biometrics is the use of physical characteristics
§ Increase security
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Conclusion
§Current system drawbacks
§Problems could be alleviated with comprehensive E-voting
§Can argue that South Africa is not yet ready
§ Infrastructure questions
§SA has only recently started using online services
- Online banking
- Paying accounts
- Filing tax returns
§Public confidence vital
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Conclusion
§ Important to address security concerns
§Combination of traditional system & E-voting
§Future research should be conducted:
“Is South Africa ready for E-voting?”
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Questions
Questions?