/E- /ZS

Republic of IndonesiaMinistry of Public Works i' /Directorate General of HighwaysDirectorate of Urban Road Development

Preparation of thePrimary Urban Road Component of the Proposed

'STRATEGIC URBAN ROADINFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTContract No. 1O/CTR/B/LN/1995IBRD Loan No. 3385-ND - -

Executive Summary of theSummary Environmental Assessment

Prepared by:

LOUIS BERGER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

hi association with:

P.T. Indec and Assocates, Ltd.P.T. Eskapindo MatraP.T. Indah Karya

August 1995

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1 INTRODUCTION AND SUNIMARY

The Strategic Urban Road Infrastructure Project (SURIP) will assist the Govermnent of Indonesia(GOI) address existing capacity constraints on the urban sections of the nation's primary roadnetwork. Over a five year (1996-2001) loan period. the current program will focus on projects withinthe North Java Transport Corridor LNJTC), which serves as the principal road network between thecountry's two largest cities. Jakarta and Surabava. and plays a significant role in Indonesia's rapidlygrowing economy. Potential projects in other provinces of the country have been identified duringstrategic assessment activities and these will be considered under subsequent SURIP phases.

SURIP will be implemented by the Directorate of Urban Road Development (BINKOT). of theDirectorate General of Highways (Bina Marga), Ministry of Public Works. To comply with projectappraisal requirements of the World Bank, a Summary Enviromnental Assessment and this separatelybound. Executive Surntary have been prepared and approved by BINKOT. These documentssumnarize the enviromnental reviews conducted during the project's preparation stage in accordancewith GOI and World Bank procedures.

1.1 Framework for Environmental Impact Assessment

The governing legislation of the Indonesian environrnental impact assessment (AMDAL; AnalisaMengenai Dampak Lingkungan) process is provided by Government Regulation No. 51 of 1993 (PP51/1993). The implementing guidelines of Bina Marga's AMDAL screening process will be directlyapplied to all SURIP projects. This process provides a systematic approach to impact assessment,monitoring and management based on a project's type, scale and location (see Annex 1). All projectsproposed for World Bank funding are subject to environmental review and approval. SURIP has beenclassified as a Category A type program' and individual projects proposed for funding under theprogram will be subject to review and approval requirenents as described in Operational Directive4.01 (Environmental Assessment) and in accordance with current GOI regulations (PP 51/1993).

1.2 Main Points of the Summarv Environmental Assessment

* Limited environmental and social impacts have been identified for the five projects initiallyproposed for SURIP funding. While classified as urban roads, these proposed projectsinvolve some 36 kilorneters of road widening and new construction activities of bypassalignments around urbanized sections of the NJTC road network:

* Preliminiary details are currendy available on later year projects, which presently includeseven additional urban bypasses totalling some 50 kilometers in length. These subsequentprojects may involve more significant impacts due to their substantial ROW requirements.Follow-up impact studies for future projects are part of a programmatic appraisal procedureagreed to between the Bank and BINKOT and included for funding under the SURIP;

* Institutional strengthening and environmental training activities will be required and areincluded in the loan program to support project evaluation, implementation and monitoringrequirements of the SURIP program. Theses activities will focus on the role of BINKOT'senvironmental section and on-site project managers (Pinpros).

1The Wor Bank fUows a hrepan ornal ipaac cass)inca systez Caregoyy A projeas rre -fiiz arronmntaeasseasmes (EAs) as defined by dte Rank's Operatal Maual. Category BRprojeas reqire a lesser lvel of envirvnmenauwmgao Category Cprojects require no cenmi_nmeneuaysis beyond that derexm,ouL Based cn the pmjea s 7TR anddissons held to dare. thes World Bank caEgore correspond t the proect-speAfic L4 requirenms of Indone:aas ANDAL system.

Strxegc Urbn Road Infrasrnucmre Projea

Summary Environmena Assessmcnt I Executive Summary

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Current initiatives to improvc inter-urban road sections within the NJTC include components of theWorld Bank-assisted Y.Ighway Sector Loan 11, the OECFZ-assisted Heavy Loaded Road ImprovementProject and the ADB3-assisted North Java Road Improvement Project. SURIP has been proposed toassist the GOI address existing constraints on urban4 sections of this principal road network. Thethree main components of SURIP are:

* an urban roads component. which will identify and prepare a priority program ofimprovement projecLs along the NJTC that can be implemented over the next five years;

* a technical assistance component, which will provide advisory support and assistance toBINKCOT and local agencies to enhance their transport planning and implementation capacity;

* a procurement component. to support procurement of professional services needed forsubsequent project preparation activities.

Five initial projects that could be started during the first two years of the loan period (1996-1998)have now been prepared for appraisal under the urban roads component. These proposed "year I"projects involve the widening or new construction of some 36 kilometers of urban bypass roads. Asselection criteria, these projects were in an advanced stage of preparation and did not present anysignificant impediments to implemenation, such as major environmental concerns or the need toacquire substantial road right-of-ways (ROW). Typical project features include the provision for adivided, 4-lane asphaltic concrete roadway, with associated intersection, bridge and drainage structureimprovements. The evaluation of possible "later year" (1998-2001) projects is on-going and presentlyinvolve some 50 kilometers of road widening or new construction activities of urban bypassaligmnents along the NJTC. The general locations of these projects are indicated in Figure 1.

3 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS

The geographic focus of SURIP is the North Java Transport Corridor (NJTC). within the provincesof West, Central and East Java. Topographically constricted to a narrow coastal plain, this corridorhas historically been a center for human settlement, culural and agricultural development. With only7% of the country's land area, the island of Java accounts for some 60% of the nation's population,resulting in population densities that are among the highest in the world today. National and regionalplanning strategies identifv the NJTC is a major coastal development corridor and the trend towardsurbanization and industrial development is expected as well as planned to continue.

Topography/Soils/Geology: The projects cross level terrain, at elevations ranging from I to 10meters above sea level. Local soils are typically alluvial with high clay content and expansivecharacteristics. Java is volcanically acive and all project areas are within seismic zone 45.

2 Oversea Ecnumic Cooperon Frud of Japan

Asian Dewlopmen Bank

4 Urban road secions are broadh defined as those being wthm ad_nwsrave areas with populatns greaer than ZO.000and under the jrisdctian of the Bina Marga s Dircrate of Urban Road Devdopment (BINKO2).

5 Refers to the design standardfor basic shear coecent.

Stregic Urban Road Infrstrunure Projeac

Summary Environntal Assessment 2 Executive Summary

It L a;: 1: 2 Approximate Scale

L -- so a Go 6e 240

'NR R

WEST JAVA CENTRAL JAVA EAST JAVA

Legend:

XHighlyt Oeveloped Area3IIIi Developing Area Fgr

North Java Tran POrt Corridor 1..... Year 1 and 2 ProjectsLocation Map of

Q Later Year Projects Currently ProposedSourco: Kansolldusi dad laporan Roneana Sbiih ur Tata Runng P,opiIiaIURP rjet

hn Intetim Report III IMaY t993) Heovy Loaded Rond Imprtovement PtoJoPProect

Hydrology: Project alignments cross numerous small rivers, creeks, drainage and irrigation canalswith poor water quality due to intensive domestic. agricultural and industrial use and discharges.Flooding is a significant seasonal concern in low laying coastal areas.

Meteorology and Air Qualitv: Climate is tropical and monsoonal, with lowland rainfall in theannual range of 1.2 to 2 meters. The wet season generally lasts from December to May. though rainsdo occur throughout the year. Typical wind conditions are described as light (< 5 meters/second).Available studies indicate increasing concern for air pollution and noise in congested urban areas.

Biological Resources: Based on field surveys. the proposed project areas do not involve sensitiveecological habitats or areas with identified high biodiversity values. All areas along these projectalignments are devoted to intensive agricultural, residential, cotmmercial and industrial land use.

Population and Hunman Settlements: Population densities are high in the NJTC, ranging from 1.I 10persons/square kilometer in Kabupaten Pemalang to 6,953 persons/square kilometer in KotamadyaCirebon. The concemed urban areas (and projected 1995 populations) include Cirebon (500.000).Pemalang (165,000), Weleri (47.000). Kaliwungii (54.000) and Sernarang (1.700.000).

Cultural Resources: Java has an exceptionally rich cultural history, which typicalry includes historicbuildings. cemeteries and mosques in roadside areas. With the exception of the Cirebon Bypass.areas with potential archaeological and historical resources have not been identified for the projectareas to date. though limited information is available.

4 SIGNIFICANT ENVIRONNMENTAL IMPACTS

Significant economic and environmental benefits have been identified for these initial projects, asmeasured by direet savings in vehicle operating costs and passenger travel time resulking fromimproved traffic flows and travel speeds. These project benefits would translate into overallreductions in fuel use and vehicular emissions, particularly along three congested urban routes wheredaily traffic levels in the range of 20.000 vehicles are predicted to be reduced by 30 - 80 % followingtraffic diversions to the new bypass alignments which pass through sparsely populated, agriculturalareas. The provision of urban bypasses with median dividers will contribute to reducing trafficaccidents and their severity. as available statistics indicate that some 30% of traffic accidents alongthe NJTC are head-on collisions, with high fatality rates.

Based on a review of the proposed project areas and activities. the following environmentalparameters were identified as being of primary importance to SURIP: soils. flooding, ecology. airquality. noise, population. land use plaming. land acquisition. relocation and resettlement. andcultural resources. These general parameters are briefly below. Summary impact descriptions forthe year 1 projects are provided in Table 1. A priority concern during the assessment of each projectwas the potential for social impacts of any required ROW areas. - Identified social impacts primarilyinvolve the Cirebon Bypass, where a proposed 22 meter wide ROW will require an additional 4hectares of adjacent land, portions of 39 existing structures and potentially displace six families (30people). No resettlemnent requirements have been identified for the other year 1 projects.

Soils: Proposed projects will be constructed on embankments requiring 200.000 to 300.000 cubicmeters of fill materials. These quantities are considered moderate and ample supplies are availablein the area. Under GOI regulations. all quarry or borrow materials must be obtained from permittedsites. which are under the jurisdiction of local governnent agencies at the district (kabupaten) level.The project contractor is directly responsible for selecting the licensed site that is used and for anyrequired quarry site rehabilitation. Tvpical excavation quantities range from 10,000 to 40,000 cubicmeters. and disposal requirements are addressed by Bina Marga's standard operating procedures.

Strategic Urban Road Infrasimcmre Project

Summary EnvironmenEal AssessmemE 4 Executive Summary

Flooding: The NJTC area has a history of flood events and construction of embanknent roads couldrestrict storm waters, increasing upstream flooding levels. Except for the Cirebon Bypass, all yearI projects are located downstream of urban areas. All proposed projects are provided with bridgeand drainage structures designed according to historic records of flood events and the observedperformance of existing upstream structures to minimize flood risks.

Ecology: The proposed road aligmnents involve areas that have been historically devoted toagricultural, residential or commercial use. Due to their proximity to urban areas, these projects arevery unlikely to impact sensitive cco-systemns, such as the habitats of rare or endangered species.

Air Quality: The completed projects are predicted to reduce ambien; pollution levels in congestedurban areas by improving traffic flows and diverting traffic outside of these highly populattd areas.Cumulatively, SURIP projects will have a positive impact on air quality.

Noise: National noise standards have not yet been established in Indonesia. A school building anda health clinic are located adjacent to the Weleri Bypass. These noise sensitive facilities will berelocated or provided with noise barriers as part of the project.

Population: The proposed projects are expected to benefit the concemed cities by supporting localinitiatives to divert heavy vehicle, through traffic outside of congestzd urban areas. Cumulatively, theSURIP projects are supportive of the rapidly expanding economy of Indonesia.

Land Use Planning: Proposed new road alignments may encourage 'ribbon" development, resultingin conversion of farm lands. The proposed projects are in compliance with local development plans.Future development activities along these roads will require local government approvals in accordancewith existing land use and development regulations which protect irrigated paddy rice areas as anissue of national importance. The capacity of local goverment agencies to control development andland use along new road aligmnents is likely to vary.

Land Acquisition: Additional ROW requirements for the year 1 projects is currently estimated at7.5 hectares. Some additional ROW areas may be required for intersection improvements. the finaldesigns of which are not yet available. All ROW areas will be acquired in accordance with currentGOI regulations, which provide established procedures for community consultations and legal recoursein setting local land and building compensation values.

Relocation and Resettlement: These additional ROW areas include portions of some 45 - 50commercial and residential structures, mostly of temporary construction. Current estinate of totalbuilding areas affected is less than 2,000 square meters. Based on local surveys, most affectedoccupants will rebuild their structures outside ol new ROW area and prefer adequate cashcompensation as opposed to formal resettlement. Under GOI laws, compensation is generally notprovided for lost business, though significant appreciation in real estate values typically occurs as adirect result of completing a new road project, to the economic benefit of local land owners.

Cultural Resources: No significant impacts on cultural resources have been identified to date andexcavations for the proposed construction activities are limited to licensed quarry operations andrequired drainage structures. Existing cultural facilities along the Cirebon Bypass (the Goa Sunyaragicomplex) are located outside of the proposed ROW for this road widening project, along an existing4-lane section of this busy route. Procedures governing the chance discovery of archaeologic orhistoric artifacts and sites are provided by Republic Act (UU RI) No. 511992 and included in standardBina Marga tender documents.

Strategic Urban Road Infastrucaure Projeca

Summary Environmental Assessment 5 Executive Summary

Table 1Summary Environmental Reviews,Proposed Year I SURIP Projects

*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - 1Ewrovura

Prqject Type GI t3csitho ldAcquisitirnn fldooa /aroNMe,rm | diried U nte wrCrncriptiort Environewrt Envirornretal Required fr ROW tDVY Envilironmntal Mocrift Pbt

eAtr Presert Corcerrs Proered

Ckrdton Bypass Semi- uban Resdential/commracial ressa Yes. Estimated 4 ta needs to Yes. 39 buldiigs cotid be soial Imacts Yes Rwvf6d R.LanFt;PLroad widernig (5.7km). Mixed land se. with c.ituraland 4storical resoisce. bo acquiredo compete 22m affeded and 6 families 130 land acqquition trs pdprepared I*daeoxisting 2- and4-laneroad commorcial, residertial (rwar Cu Sunyavagi conplex ROW. peoptl displaced by 22 m air qvitty 1993 stucl. Resettfriexparded lo divided 4 - tan and agriceAtvat arms. wi7ch ddos to earliy 170 *. ROW altrig bypass. ciuralresouces action planalso preparedstanrard cross-seciion. Proposed Citebon nrdustrial sensitive arm for archeologic

Estate adjoins the alignmert. and historic ariliacts).

Pomatang Bypass Ruhal/ Semi -uban. Productive agricutual uems; No. Complte 22 m ROW None. Corrpation land use Yes. UKL and LPL repcrtsroad widoeng (9. 7 km). Agricultural area wth mixed lirmiled residential I commrucial alwg 6.1 km bypau road its been paid for 10- t5 at qualty prepared bsedon anhtialexisling 2-iane, one-way road residertial and comnurecial land areas: cuilaLal resoces and 30m OW alorg 2.6 km buildgs tht remn in cAiwalr.scuces errornertal ation p.to divided 4-abne, two-way use alorg wedarn 3 km ol lhe (narby cermery and sectlon of Norih Java Transport ROW. Kar-n Urgkungar.Iraflic flows. rnoedl. mosruue. Corrdor (N_Q.

Wlerl Oypass Rusal. Productive agrtcutALal arse; Yes. Estlmated 2 ha arealor Minor. Prtiorb of t4 sociali"Pacts Yes. UKL andLPLrecactsbetltLrmrt of 4-laww road. AgriclAural area wilh limiteodresidentlal areas: small Imotovenwrt otwest butldirgs may be lard Ecqiustion prqprwedbaseclonanirnal3 5 k m of proposed 4 9km road litnted rssderrtial sections. school buIdrig and haalh irterscllon with NJTC. Sm alfeded by hinection land use onvw oruilevakation PK.improved to dale whh a raikoad certer located near road. ROW is corlete along ROW. but no reskderts are ai qrualty Kapan LkUnfungat1.llyover, gfading and common bypass. espeded to be displaced. noiseembarkment.

Koliwurgu Bypass Rual. Productive agrkctAual Lands Yes Estitnated I ha area for Nore. ReqiredROW land we Yes. U(LandLI1.reportsbeltermerA ol 4-ltne road. otm Agrlcukuralt area; induislrial with limted fistpord areas Intersection kiprovemerts with areas wlt nol displace av qiutty prepaed basedon aninoialof proposed 7.7 km toad area 5km north ol al'gnmert. near Kali Kenceng; ast NJTC. 30 m ROW is corrplee any residekts. noise ervoumertal wakabon P1LImproved to date with a railroad . sectin of alqrvnert may be along bypass. land acqu'Sion Kapn giungar1.llyover. a bridge, box crivuns, subjecl to flooding.qgradirg and sub-base lill.

Sarmarang Nortlhrn lnig Road Lkban/semi-uban. Residental / commercial areas Yes. Eslimnated O.5 ha required None. Requred ROW lanrdi e Yes. Revised RiGlL iadIILroad and flyover widering, Commercial, resIdential and Poor dfralnsge/llooding and alorg eatern 800 m section areas witl not cdsptace bnd acqLision repors prepad( to vxteexisting2-lananroad and lrdustrialarea. lnluding subdncecncerns at east ol bypass. S0m ROW Is arryreskierts hootedicalProtOblOm 1993 sluclerailroad Ilyovor to bo widonod majo pord tacilly. termlnus ot proect. compide alon rest of ai qLallylo divided 4- lane road S. 1 km project.lolat legrthNotes nKL - envirovnental management pla. aneanaP.ngeloltnnUngkridgan . UKL rvnrnrial unginer tiaciionrpliin U

RPL - erwvfonrnertalmoritoringplan. RencanaPertaumlawn Ungikunwgan LPL - ers- onmertal moriotig adion plan. UpayaPerratauaan Ungkungan

5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

Altemative analyses provided by the ADB-funded North Java Corridor Transport Study (1992) andthe OECF-funded Heavy Loaded Road Improvement Project Study (1993) established the existingNJTC road aligmnent as the preferred route between Jakarta and Surabaya. Alternative transportationmodes are available, namely rail, sea and air. Roads are presently the domninant mode of transport.An alternative strategy to improving the primary arterial road network as proposed by SURIP is thefuture extension and expansion of the network of toll roads on Java.

Project specific altematives considered during the evaluation process included the 'do-minimum'alternative; new aligrnent alternatives; improvements to existing traffic diversion routes, and railroadcrossing altematives. The initial year 1 projects involve the widening of existing roads or completionof projects with an established ROW. The 'without" project, do-minimum alternative would leadincreasing traffic congestion and continued environmental degradation in the urban areas throughwhich existing routes pass. The design considerations of the year I projects served to minimizepotential impacts by avoiding congested urban and village (kampung) settlement areas. Various otherdesign and construction alternatives were evaluated, including nurnber of travel lanes; cross-sectionalternativcs; road access control; provisions for pedestrians and unmnotorized vehicles; intersectionconfiguration alternatives, and staged project implementation.

As a selection criteria, the year 1 projects were in an advanced stage of preparation and projectimplementation. More extensive alternative analyses are schedule and budgeted under SURIP toevaluate the later year projects, to include feasibility, urban transport and planning studies of proposedprojects, supported by aerial photography and updated mapping of these areas.

6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING

6.1 Proposed Year 1 Projects

In accordance with Bina Marga's AMDAL screening process, enviromnental management andmionitoring action plans have been prepared for all year 1 projects. The general requiremnents andresponsibilities stipulated in these project documents are summarized in Tables 3 and 4. Additionalenvironmental reviews are required as final engineering designs are completed and these reviews willbe provided in the appraisal documents. Identified mitigation measures include the provision of noisebarriers or relocation of sensitive school and health clinic facilities along the Weleri Bypass. Theconstruction costs for these measures will be included as part of the loan package, while required landareas will be requested from the local government.

6.2 Potential Later Year Projects

Preliminary project descriptions and initial envirounental reviews of these later year activities willbe provided to the World Bank as part of project appraisal documents. Each of these projects willbe subject to further studies in accordance with GOI and World Bank requirenents, and a budget forthese follow-up studies will be included in the loan package. For projects involving significantimpacts, detailed environmental assessment (ANDAL) studies will be conducted in accordance withBina Marga's AMDAL screening process (Annex 1). ANDAL studies are currently being preparedfor the Cirebon Bypass flyovers and Kalibanteng Flyover and these projects will only proceedfollowing approval under the GOI review process.

Straregic Urban Road Infrastruaure Project

Summary Eavironmental Assessment 7 Executive Summary

Table 2Summary Matrix of Environmental Management Action Plans

(tJpsya Pengelolaan Ungkungan. UKLJ

Project Activty Cotnponert Impaced Enlraornenlal Irrpad Concerns lepad Llanqmenl Atlee Aana nm onobwPhase (Imped Souare) CoRoonert If *Atau_rrp tre Sudano 1 ij r FwPraSouSrce

PrO-Camlrudbc Laid acqulsllon - Soda-economcardculluiel - Unctialrdyfusntdooltalnmunly. - Proper it nn t Paoswot Prrw rvirAW:Phle comooner bss of pirperty or FntlDooda lair orpnsnaflon (myrsral dl loca gavenrramet (tand Pooled Pripopw

lode! dstltptlon P:cwrnrs Tesm)

nesdilemarl pl nny) - Socio-economi aid crullutil -1 My dfiripl otIInaIvmriiunly o - Ptrovde new sdeinmenl areas (I nirics- Localg@avewii Prard Covernend Peoled Prapq icornVponert inealiemanl are a sary r acoeptable) ard reocolon Lel n ih ptrfd

Caalrtudbl Moblltrdltn - Physcal cmpon it - Airqualily (dreasheg) - Propr maitltenamnct conttrdort Corntractor ProfeaProponent CatrrdoPhase - equtmau - Noise (inmeasing) vehides aid equipment

- maeial

Mobllditttn of ltror - Scdo -ecenmui and cijtural - Job oppodunhies (InweashgL - Pilorlise he use d loal lbor cortiador Profld Prepaow Cortadoronwernt mlirart woiliers (IincesaIrg)

Laid earfIng and grubbing - PhysicAl coniponert - Al quary (dud Increaasg) Treepaplant anifddus conrdial Contrator ProedlPropcurlw Cortrads- public tAliffes aid seXrvis - BkbglcAl onronerrt - Sudraeorunoff (afeiadngj Ptop torwdbiMn wnh- lies removel - S*dalcorrpmnart - Esionsnad sllettot (Inaeesinrg) concened hridulons

Condiuclionbase carmp - lodo-econormlo conponet - Jeousy" of local denlfor - Prkulzltho utel localmanpoore Caruelsot ProfadPraponea Corterdsw- Culuri eomponert employmert oppoluntles

Earlhworic dludirg Impod of - Peyskal eomponnrt - Localdialtnagepatlem/ wder - Proper pawnni and supervision Cortrs ProeJ Praparnt Cortindotlill malerial and eixpot d uppoll resouLrs Cdlsrwi - Proiwde taic roae aid manigqeet

- Uoual-enormrlcormponert - Teallocongaton - Prowido ile endru ard erosion conito- Aesthk vkalue (etduced)

Excavatlon lboriawplh - Asithdlo cmpontert hnraln of - Vitu l Lryad - Agetalor% raqgted by KCbuptyen Cotradororlo pgler DMlrd4slU Cortidt orrloafty - Eto bnainddrakme pproblms deas. rurer miinhg catrgryC tSwivo nr, er SLppe

Spols dliposel - Terrin of locatly. drainage - Visual Imped - Reaglailot regWodu by lbuoaenn Cortradtr Pto*fekAl Ccritradr- Eroston and draine problems decsee dorer ning calgor C lassiE Gover rt

Pile diMrg for bridge lourdtelons - Physical componrt - Noise (Increasing) - Coril noise soures ar work hmes Corirador Poefct Proporrert Corers- Vbrtelon (increasing. peodalylftro - Usonerrlhoslhatrltninfte

pil drMrg) vibdllori lpUs driving neaenalhve trudrues

DraInage escavalonasd wbrlts - Phylcalomponert - Localdralrwge arlt irigation (ac - Maintane flw capay odf eilrg dralriCa CIttrador Prtoje Preponere Coraldebe blocked or disiptWed) aid kipaltion vy tris

Earltworl/esscevalone - Archeogleakl(hiltoil-ay - DPdbuvbrdesray cutiur reoaiIn - Follew Rl Ad Na. S n1992 Cortiradr aid Prfc ar Ardsae- CadrerClural aias nd VWl ads re4g ading prdtedtn a cultural rasourcs Eng blicl Sante

ale morlonln

Lerdscaping - Aeskhicworroponert - Aeihdla aid ecfagicallvalues - Good lplemertatlcnptedlea Cortrador Prefect Propt Cat rad(Inrasing)

Trallo signalIndiaation - TIfralleandmodalcomirponrret - Traliocongsellono(ncrmIng) - Proper lrdialstr LaM Trarspoinaon Regknt DLLAJSoe--k (CDLAIA) CarrInrarAd1rm O11111

Prl-Costlructlon Road operdian - Sodul kmprne-rt - Communly (pedeslilalniverners -Perovidepedlt rlancrssnad access- Cwrirar ProfPrapanr oritrarPhane and emes (didurbari)

Road melrtenance - Trallc nd sodal oorponort - Normal road semis - Prcper managoema nufirtenaInt Catiador Proole Propne COanitao"work Pro d dlvsralorr ro_se

Table 3Summary Matrix ot Environmental Monitoring Action Plans

(Upaya Pemantauan Ungkungan, UPL)

Monitorln Parameter. ___ Msniltbring Rn_ponsibitiNo. Impact Type Indicator Project O rshtIfu-ndfng-_ Schedule Location Moniloring Feed bc Source

I. Degraded air quality Degraded ai quality (dust and Every 3 months duting Within project area and Projecta nager LocalGovernment ProjectP roponertemIssIons), local compllants construction and post - along access Foads used by Level Il

construction phases consbucCon trucks

2. NoIte disturbance High nois& levels (specilly at Every 6 months during Within construction siles and Contractor Local Government Conlraccrnight, local compliants construction phase and prolect vicinity Levet il

3. Groundwaler and Noted changes In groundwater Every 3 months during Along project alignmner and Project Manager Cipta Kaarya Ploeod Managerdkalnage disturbance (local wells) and flood levels, consbuction phase existing drainage canals Kabupalen Service

local compliants

4. Vibtation disturbance Damage to nearby buildings, Every 3 months during Neat piet*tSiving ot quarry Contractor Proect Mtanager Contractor(pile driving) loal complants consbuction phase operabons, project vicinity

5, Community health Local health and public Evety 3 months during Within workcarnps. construction Contractor Prolect Mnager Contractordistutbance safety ptoblems or accidents construction phase sies and project viciniy

0. Traffic disruption and Taffir Iinteriuptions. Every 3 months during Along project road, access or LandTransportation Local Government DLLAJR andcongestion inceased travel times construction phase trafric divetsion routes Servke CDLLtAJ) Level 1 Pro0ect

7. New employment Increase In local employment Every 3 months during Within nearby communities Contractor ZZanpowver service Contractropportunities construcilon phase

S. Community jealosy Community complaints, Every 3 months during Within nearby communities Sub Distkict Chief Local Government Sub D.*idr Chiefpublic disturbances construction phase vilag ehie Level 11 vilhige ehiel

O. Visual and aesthetic Poor sanitaion. waste and Evety 3 months during Within wothcamps. construcion Cortractor Local Govemnment Contractordistutbances erosion controls consbuction phase sites and project vicinity Level 11

10. Economic and busineut Community wefare degree Every 5 months during Wtithin neatby communities Local Government Loul Go.etnmcnl Local Gemertgrowth construction phase Level 11 Level I Lel I11

Ii. Trafic accidents Increased accident frequency Every 6 months during Along proectroad, access ot Tratrtc police, ina &aga senvice Traft polce,neat prolect location construclion phase tratrte divesion roules DLLAJR DLLAZR

12. Access road damage Changes n toad conditions. Evety 3 months during Along access and batfic Conbactot Bina Uargiservsce Contractordamage degree construction phase diversion routes

12. PublIc utilty/strvices Service Interuptions, At any time during Along project alignmert and Contractor Plqoect Manager Conlractordisutbance disturbance degree constructon phase vithin nearby communities

13. Community movement Distubance degise At any time dufing At pedestrian crossings, access Sub District Chief Local Government SubDeiektCNe#disturbance construclion phase routes along project alignment villagechief Leve tII siflgtechie

14. Archaeologicalihislorloal Damageldisturb cultural resources Any tme during excavabon works Al excavation site Sit Engineer Provincial Archeolo- Contractordisturbance gcal sertce

6.3 Institutional Responsibilities

As their enviromnental unit. the BINKOT Section AMDAL will be directly responsible for planning.coordinating and monitoring all required environmental activities for SURIP, These responsibilitieswill place significant demands on the limited staff and resources of BINKOT Section AMDAL. Tosupport their important project role, institutional strengthening and environmental training activitieswill be proposed under SURIP's technical assistance component. These training activities willspocifically include all on-site project managers (Pinpros).

7 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING

7.1 Proposed Year 1 Projects

The selection criteria of these initial projects specifically included ROW availability and unavoidablesocial impacts are addressed in the environmental management and monitoring plans prepared for eachof these projects. With the noted exception of six families that could be displaced along the CirebonBypass. no other resettlement impacts have been identified. As a result, a primary form of impactmanagement for these initial projects is expected to be cash compensation for the estimated 7.5hectares of additional ROW areas. Preliminarv estimates of ROW land and building compensationcosts have been prepared for project appraisal. Actual costs will be determined based on mappingsurveys, consultations and negotiations to be conducted by concerned local government agencies.

7.2 Potential Later Year Projects

Most ROW areas for later year projects have not been acquired and these ROW requirements mayinvolve more significant social impacts and resettlement issues. Prelininary project descriptions andinitial social impact reviews will be provided to the World Bank as part of project appraisaldocuments. Each of these projects will be subject to further social impact reviews and approvals inaccordance with GOI and World Bank requirements. In compliance with World Bank OD 4.30,resettlement action plans would be prepared by BINKOT for any proposed projects wheredisplacement is unavoidable. These plans will detail project requirements and time-bound proceduresfor land acquisition and resettlement, consultation, property and building surveys, building demolitionand restoration, available compensation and resettlement alternatives, and all monitoring andevaluation activities. SURIP funding of these later year projects will be conditional on the Bank'sapproval of these resettlement action plans, and full documentation of all land acquisition andresettlement activities.

7.3 Land Acquisition and Compensation Procedures

Recent reports', local consultations, and household surveys along the Cirebon Bypass all indicate thatcash compensation as opposed to formal resettlement, will generally be the preferred option for landand building acquired for ROW areas. The GOI's land acquisition and compensation procedures tobe applied under SURIP are currently governed by Presidential Decree No. 55 of 1993 (Keppres55/1993)7. which stipulate that cormmunity consulttions ("musyawarah") will be conducted to reachagreement on the form and amount of compensation.

6 H lIrdr Djarwo. Draft Fmna Repon. Land Acqnirzn and Resenreiens Projec. Nonh Java Road Improvement ojecanIWRrJ. Republic of Indonsia. Minstry of PbC Works. Directorare General of Highways. Auaguss 1995.

The operational direcnve of Keppres 55t]993 is ReguLation of the Minister of Sat for Agrarian Alrs/Chainan of theNatonal Land Agency No. 11)994.

Srategic Urban Road Infrstrucure Projecr

Summary Environmental Assessment 10 ExecLtive Summary

Kepprcs 55/1993 further stipulates thaL alternative fonns of compensation will be made available andthese may take the formn of:

* cash compensation:* land in substitution.* resettlement:* a combination of two or more of these forms of compensation, or* other forms agreed upon by the parties concerned.

All land acquisition requirements of SURIP will be conducted in accordance with the mechanismsprovided in the operational directive of Keppres 55/1993. At this preparation stage of the program,these land acquisition and compensation procedures have been informally agreed between BINKOTand the concerned local governments. Formal agreements will be entered into following World Bankfunding approval of the SURIP program and the proposed projects.

According to Keppres 55/1993. the monetary value of land compensation will be based on currentprices. with consideration of the sales value of tax object (Nilai Jual Obyek Pajak. NJOP). Existingsite improvements and buildings are separately valued according to rates established by the provincialoffices of the Directorate General of Human Settlements (Dinas Cipta Karya). Grievance proceduresfor dispute settlement. administrative and legal appeals are provided for under Keppres 55/1993.

Based on draft reports of the Bank's Resident Staff in Indonesia'. these current GOI proceduresprovide a framework for land acquisition that is compatible with World Bank resettlement policies(OD 4.30). The principle objective of these of these policies is to ensure that those displaced by aproject should be at least as well off, if not better off, than they would have been without the project.

7.4 Resetdeznent Principles of the SURIP Program

In line with GOI regulations and World Bank policies, the resettlement principles that will guide theSURIP program are:

- projects will be selected and designed in a manner that will avoid or minimize resettlement:* compensation for land areas acquired for project ROWs will be valued at replacement costs,

with consideration of the sales value of the tax object (NJOP). and local surveys to beconducted during the preparation of each resettlement action plan;

* the compensation value of project affected buildings and site improvements will be calculatedat replacement costs according to provisions of the respective resettlement action plan:

* displaced families will be allowed to retain existing building materials and relocationassistance will be provided;

* as needed, resettlement sites will have sufficient infrastructure and public facilities;* assistance will be provided to support livelihood activities at the new site; and* consultations will be held with the displaced families prior to resettlement.

These general principles will be defined in accordance with Keppres 55119,93 as loan agreementsduring project appraisal and further developed in the form of an operational manual during follow-up,project preparation activities.

CoIieri WdZ;amL and Kabul SwStosa. Narrownvg the Poky - Prcar G aps:Land Acqon Cbnyenan nd In,lryResamm for Urban lnfozurumw Projecs us Indonea. Draf Repqo. World Bank Resid Staf in bdones,Environm,w and Sodal Impacn Uni. December 1993.

Strategic Urban Road lnfrauscrcure Project

Sunmmary Environmental Assessmcnt 1i Execaudve Summa-y

7.5 Institutional Responsibilities

Institutional. implementation and monitoring responsibilities will be clearly defined in the resettlementaction plans that will be prepared for SURIP projects involving social displacement. Under WorldBank policies (OD 4.30). the responsibility for land acquisition and resettlement rests with the GOI.In accordance with Keppres 55/1993, this responsibility is placed under local government authoritiesand the currently proposed projects will directly involve 12 different local governments in threeprovinces. The GOI will accord priority to the allocation of sufficient funds for the purpose ofacquiring ROW and any resettlement requirements of the project. For projects that have substantialROW requirements. Keppres 55/1993 also stipulates that a Land Procurement Team will be formedto facilitate the land acquisition process, and these teams will include reprcsentatives from concernedlocal govermnent agencies; village, municipal and district officials; and the project manager.

Documentation of all land acquisition activities will be provided to the provincial agrarian office,Office of the Governor or Mayor according to project jurisdiction. For monitoring purposes. eachproject manager (Pinpro) will be required to maintain a complete set of these documents, to includecadastral maps. physical descriptions of house locations and building type, owners' name, tenurestatus, and evidence of payment. Sumnmary reports of all land acquisition activities will be providedto the BINKOT Section AMDAL to support their central role in project monitoring. Draft terms ofreference for the SURIP general consultant will be presented at project appraisal and will includespecific project monitoring and information management responsibilities.

8 LOCAL CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

8.1 Program Preparation Activities

Local consultations have been conducted within the Indonesian political and cultural framework,which typically involves two stges of consultations - preliminary, project development consuitationsat an inter-agency, local governnent level; followed by commumty consultations ('musyawarah')which are conducted by local officials. During the course of progran preparation and field surveys.extensive meetings and consultations were held with local officials and government departments todiscuss the rationale and current status of each project. These consultations have included city,district and provincial government officials; representatives of concerned planning and public worksdepartments; project managers (Pinpros) of each area; members of local land procurementcommittees, and officials of related transport sectors (railways, ports, bus terminals). A summarylist of project contacts is provided in Annex 2. During these initial assessments and preparation ofthe AMDAL documents for year 1 projects. informal discussions were also held with residents andbusinesses located along each aligmnent. The proposed year I projects involve the completion ofactivities that have been in progress for several years, but the participants and outcome of previouscormnunity meetings and consultations were not recorded.

The proposed projects have a high level of loca, govermnent support and compliment on-goinginitiatives and transport planning measures to divert heavy vehicle, through traffic outside ofcongested urban areas. Residents and businesses located along the road alignments are generallyaware of the proposed projects from infornation provided to them by local officials and projectmnanagers. Project ROW requirements, compensation values for affected land and building areas,and availability of local budgets to fund ROW costs were the primary enviromnental issues raisedduring these program preparation consultations. Based on available reports. such issues are commonfor road capacity expansion projects along the North Java Transport Corridor. These sensitive issuesremain to resolved and will need to be fully addressed as part of the follow-up activities. projectappraisal documents and project-specific resettlement action plans. During the eight month programpreparation period covered by this report, no opposition to the proposed projects has been noted orreported other than the identified concern for land compensation based on market values.

Strategic Urban Road lnfrasrncaire Pvojedc

Summary Environental Asssment 12 Executive Summazy

Cirebon Bypass: As a formal means of consulting local residents on resettlement issues. detailedsocio-economictperception surveys were conducted for 131 households along the Cirebon Bypass thatcould be affected by the project. T'he number of residents and businesses identified in these surveyscontributed to design changes that reduced the proposed ROW width from 38 to 22 meters tominimize the number of residents and businesses that would be displaced.

These survev results indicate that most respondents (82%) have been informed of the project by localofficials and nearly all (97%) support it if compensation for their affected properties is based onmarket value. Cash compensation is the preferred alternative (80%), although 20% of therespondents reported that they would be willing to move if a nearby resettlement area was available.Three possible sites were identified in subsequent discussions with the city government of Cirebon,including commercial areas within the new bus terminal located along the bypass and two othernearby areas for residential and commercial use. These consultations and the alternative options ofcash compensation or resettlement are documented in the resettlement action plan prepared for theCirebon Bypass.

8.2 Follow-up Activities

The Sunmmary Enviromnental Assessment addresses program preparation activities completed overan eight month period. involving a full time expatriate and Indonesian environmental team. Localconsultations are scheduled to continue during subsequent program preparation activities to addressproject-specific issues of ROW status, land and building valuation, compensation alternatives andavailability of local budgets. Follow-up impact sLudies for future projects are part of theprogrammatic appraisal procedure agreed to between the Bank and BINKOT and will be included forfunding under SURIP.

These follow-up activities will include the preparation of detailcd enviromnental impact assessments(ANDAL studies) and resettlement action plans, which will involve and document more extensivelocal consultations and participation. Current GOI regulations (PP 51/1993) requires that the publicis informed of all project activities that require an ANDAL study and reconmnends the representationof local communities and non-government organizations on the AMDAL commissions responsible forproject reviews. To address unavoidable social impacts. local consultation and participation are anintegral part of land acquisition procedures under Keppres 55/1993 and are required under WorldBank OD 4.30.

Strategic Urban Road Infrasrrucare Project

Summary Environmental Assessment 13 Executive Summary

Annex 1

AMDAL SCREENNG PROCESS FOR ROAD AND BRIDGE PROJECTS,Directorate General of Highways (BINA MARGA)

Firt Phan Secnd Pha AMOAL Stuy Documents

ANOAL.RKL(r nd RPL

b.Fy Ovemn Wnel Prowd impact wSec. interurban Roads >25 km In length Envtontnuntal Ares7d.Urban Ronds (matropolln areas I Rcsld taconvteol art's a

brge cLs) 2 Productve agricultural areas2Imprvme to ario roads In large 3 HorUcl and cWuul snarumft. activI

clIties 5 km In eng extendg and ara(a). rrghnus servic buldlngsoutsie of exIstng rlght.f-ways r4 Natnur presrves Ced; proposed InUnl Enmrnm la |(ROW) 5 WUdil preseies Evalkation

6 con__________ (Kajan Lingttngmn)7 Gonedlc (bhdive ) prction ares

8 WUile refugee areas9 Weand aros

lath PoletA : 10 Wae catchmner.areas1. Development of naw 11 Shomem and river bank areas

a. Interun Roads c 25 kIn In leng 12 Area suoumding takasI r1ver basinsb. LoVlsMl PAed. 13 AreassuroundIng aping and wftsc. Urban Bidges 20 m In length _ 14 Marle ManO frswatrt conservation aread. InWtntban Bride 3 60 m In length 15 Coal mangrove s

16 Natlonal parksUra Mad nrownents ' 5 km In 17 DOnse jungle areaslegh exending oute of edstig Nature t.. pntstight-ol-wys (ROW) 19 Science research and cutaO resoe

20 Aras suscepwbb to naturl hazfds21 Area ofsteepslopes (40)

Is an Proje1. Develpme of new

a Urban Bride s 20 m In legthb. lntmrban Bsdges < 60 m In length

lInvpolvements toa.Exblnig urbanrinturban rods wIlhb

esUbI rhlt. ys* PROW)b.ExlNg locahtrt roads whn or

extnding outai of esd bblshed U I UPLight-o-wys (ROW)

1-1. Road inprveants tW do not kwote

expanslon orvAdenn of existing

RoZ oeodF nalknance projecs

NOTE:

AMDAL E;_w-aw dAa_=w_w LoI

KA AMD&L __~.f.....m ug. m_##-MMw AX_WFL &suMsM aiGZ WMI g Pie

Srategic Urba Ruad Jnfrastuarwe PnrjedS=May Enviomeni Assesment

Environmental Documents Prepared for Proposed Year 1 SURIP Projectsin Bahasa Indonesia during the Program Preparation Activites

1. Kerangka Acuan - Analisis Dampak Lingkungan (ANDAL), Pembangunan Jalan Layang (Flyover),Cirebon. Jawa Barat. (terms of reference for ANDAL study, Cirebon Flyovers).

2. Revisi RKL & RPL AMDAL (PIL-1993), Pembangunan Peningkatan Jalan BypassCirebon, lawa Barat. (revised environmental management and monitoring plans for theCirebon Bypass to updated 1993 documents)

3. Kerangha Acuan - Analisis Dampak Lingkungan (ANDAL). Pembangunan Jalan Layang (Flyover).Kalibanteng Circle, Semarang Utara, Jawa Barat. (terms of reference for ANDAL study,Kalibanteng Flyover).

4. Kajian Lingkungan dan UKL & UPL, Pembangunan Peningkatan Jalan BypassPemalang, Jawa Tengah. (initial environmental evaluation, environmental management andmonitoring action plans, Pemalang Bypass).

5. Kajian Lingkungan dan UKL & UPL, Pembangunan Peningkatan Jalan BypassWeleri, Jawa Tengah. (initial environmental evaluation, environmenal management andmonitoring action plans, Weleri Bypass).

6. Kajian Lingkungan dan UKL & UPL, Pemnbangunan Peningkatan Jalan BypassKaliwungu, Jawa Tengah. (initial environmental evaluation, environmental management andmonitoring action plans, Kaliwungu Bypass).

7. Kajian Lingkungan dan UKL & UPL, Pembangunan Peningkatan Jalan BypassSemarang Utara, Jawa Tengah. (initial environmental evaluation, enviromnental managementand monitoring action plans, Semarang Bypass).

8. Revisi RKL & RPL AMDAL (PIL-1993), Pembangunan Peningkatan Jalan BypassKudus, Jawa Tengah. (revised environmental management and monitoring plans for theKudus Bypass to updated 1993 documents)

9. Dokumen Resettlemnent Action Plan, Peningkatan Jalan Cirebon Bypass

Document Descriptions

Keranuka Acuan (KA; ANDAL terns of reference) - a set of project-specific guidelines and criteriawhich define the scope of studies and analyses that should be undertaken by proponents in theirpreparation of an ANDAL.Analisis Damnak Linnkungan (ANDAL; environmental impact assessment) - a detailed impactassessment report. It provides an analyses of the potentially significant envirornmental effects, bothpositive and negative, generated by a project, and serves to identify and evaluate possible solutions.Rencana Pengelolaan Lingningan (RKL; envirornental management procedures) - a specific guidederived from an ANDAL that sets design and operating requirements for mitigating project impacts.The RKL may specify oper±ting procedures, compliance standards, responsibilities and schedules.Rencana Pemantauan Lingkungan (RPL; environmental monitoring plan) - a specific guide derivedfrom an ANDAL that describes the means for monitoring project compliance with requirements andprocedures provided in the RKL as well as with established with environmental standards.Kaiian Lingkunean (KL; initial environmental evaluation) - a preliminary level of environmentalstudies that describe the existing conditions of an area, and types and magnitude of predicted projectimpact. The KL further serves as a 'decision document' that supports a detennination of theproject's need for a detailed ANDAL study. For projects that do not require further study, the KLguides the preparation of the related UKL and UPL .Upava Kelola Lingkungan (UKL; enviromnental management action plan) - similar in many respectsto a RKL. the UKL is derived from a KL study and a determination that predicted impacts are notsignificant and can be nanaged by standard operating procedures. The UKL is operational in scopeand serves as a binding instrument for the proponent with regard to environmental management.Unava Pemantauan Line&unran (UPL; environmental monitoring action plan) - similar in manyrespects to a RPL, the UPL provides the monitoring counterpart to a project's UKL.

Annex 2 Summary List of Project Contacts

Location Insiitution/Agency

Kotamadya Cirebon Bappeda level II ( Regional Planning Board)(Cirebon City) Regional Government Office

Members of Land Procurement Team Ex Karang Ampcl and Cikampek-Cirebon TOL Road ProjectsCirebon Arterial Road Upgrading ProjectGua Sunyaragi Complex (Department Of Education and Culture)Komamadya Public Works Service131 surveved households and businesses along the Cirebon BypassRailways Station ChiefHarbour ChiefBus Terminal Chief

. West Java Province Regional Planning Board

Kabupaten Cirebon Kabupaten Public Works Service(Cirebon District) Bappeda Level 11 (Regional Planning Board)

Karang Ampel Arterial Road Upgrading ProjectKecamatan (Subdistrict) West CirebonWest Java Province Regional Planning Board (Bappeda level 1)

Kabupaten Penalang Kabupaen Public Works Service(Pemalang District) Bappeda level 11 (Regional Planning Board)

Central Java Planning and Design Unit (P3TNAS)

Kabupafen Kendal Kabupaten Public Works Service(Kendal District) National Land Institution

P3TNAS

Kotamadya Semarang Kotamadya Public Works Service(Senarang City) Bappeda level 1 (Regional Planning Board)

Road Betterment ProjectCentral Java Provincial Road ServiceTerboyo Industrial ParkKecamatan (Subdistrict) GenukP3TNAS

Kabupaten Demnak Bappeda level II (Regional Planning Board)(Demak District) Kabupaten Public Works Service

P3TNAS

Kabupaten Kudus Bappeda level II (Regional Planning Board)(Kudus District) Kabupaten Public Works Service

P3TNAS

Kabapaten Batang Bappeda level [I (Regional Planning Board)(Barang District) Kabupaten Public Works Service

Xotamadya lPeklongan Bappeda level n (Regional Planning Board)(Pekaongan City) Kotamadya (City) Public Works Service

Kotamadya Public Works for Human Senlement Service

Kabupaten Brebes Bappeda level II (Regional Planning Board)(Brebes District) Kabupaten Public Works for Bina Marga Service

Kabmpaten Tegal Kotamadya Public Works Service(Tegal City)