ea sig succeeding with cba overview v14 jaw
TRANSCRIPT
8/6/2019 EA SIG Succeeding With CBA Overview v14 Jaw
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Succeeding with Component-basedArchitectures
Industry Advisory CouncilEnterprise Architecture SIG
Draft
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IAC Draft Material 3
Presentation Outline
Current SituationComponent-Based Architecture:Context
Implementation ChallengesBusiness Drivers & BenefitsEnablers & Critical Success Factors
Recommendations for TransformationQuestions
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Current Situation
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IAC Draft Material 5
Current Issues in Federal IT
Many IT development projects fail or face significantcost overruns (72%)Current EA methods are tech centricDeployed legacy systems inflexible
Current EA efforts not oriented for cross agencyinteroperability/information sharing.Majority of IT budgets spent on maintaining legacysystems
FEAF, C4ISR and TEAF do not communicatebusiness needs nor enable leverage of COTSsolutions
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IAC Draft Material 6
New IT Solution ParadigmCustom Development gives way to Application Assembly
Y e s t e r d a yDesign, Code & Test
• Focus on Component Assembly & Integration
• Model, Evaluate, & Acquire• Timeframes are 12-24 weeks!• Reliance on industry standards• Rate of change is high and
accelerating• Increased Agility & Adaptability of
Enterprise Systems
T o d a y Architect, Acquire, Integrate
Services OrientedArchitecture dictates
Component-BasedSDLC process
S o f t w
a r e C
o m p o n
e n t s
& O f f
t h e
S h e l
f P r o d
u c t s
• Focus is Software Development• Code everything to spec• Timeframes 12-24 months• Complexity and rate of
change manageable (CMM)• Technology base Stable• Driven by data model &
structured methods
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Component-Based Architecture: Concepts
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IAC Draft Material 8
Component-Based Architecture: Concepts
CBAApproach to structuring enterprisesolutions that increases modularity and adaptabilityFocus on component assembly
Origins in OO and CBDFits within Federal Framework of Reference ModelsFacilitates alignment of business and technologyCSF for OMB FEAPMO
Services Oriented ArchitectureWay of thinking about systems as set of modularservices: business, data, infrastructure
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IAC Draft Material 9
Business Reference Model (BRM)• Lines of Business• Agencies, Customers, Partners
Service Component Reference Model (SRM)• Capabilities and Functionality• Services and Access Channels
Technical Reference Model (TRM)• IT Services• Standards
Data Reference Model (DRM)• Business-focused data standardization• Cross-Agency Information exchanges
Busines s-Drive nAppro ach
Performance Reference Model (PRM)• Government-wide Performance Measures & Outcomes• Line of Business-Specific Performance Measures & Outcomes
e era nterpr se rc tecture(FEA)
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Implementation Challenges
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IAC Draft Material 12
Implementation Challenges
Current EA, SDLC & funding processesare not attuned to CBA, and encouragemonolithic stove pipes.No consistent COTS evaluation &acquisition processBureaucracy & culture protect againstchange
The “Legacy Hurdle”Licensing issues are complex & confusing
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IAC Draft Material 13
Current EA and Solution DevelopmentLife-cycle Processes Ineffective
Poor alignment of stakeholderviewsNo cross-agency or cross-application business process
refactoringFocus on custom SWdevelopmentNo consistency enforcement of EA artifacts (inter- and intra-agency)Does not produce actionable orcomparable output
Typically waterfall – notiterativeProduces monolithic apps –not modularNo consistent COTSevaluation and acquisitionprocessInhibits use of commercialbest practices & SW artifacts
Focus on custom SWdevelopment
EA Lifecycle Traditional SDLC
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IAC Draft Material 14
CIOs Feel...Overwhelmed by offerings?
Ill-equipped to evaluate?Out paced by market?
Interoperable?Over hyped?
• No body of knowledge from
which PM can evaluatecompeting COTS offerings.
• No common EA language tocommunicate business needto technology.
• No mechanisms for assessingrisks, composability orinteroperability of COTSsolution
• No clear mapping of business drivers tostandards or COTS solutionofferings. Gap = Risk!
• Current documentationmethods do not result in
action oriented solution“blueprints”.
No Consistent COTS Evaluation &Acquisition Process
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IAC Draft Material 15
Culture is hard to change
"Nothing is more difficult than to introducea new order. Because the innovator has
for enemies all those who have done wellunder the old conditions and lukewarmdefenders in those who may do wellunder the new."
Nicolai Machiavelli, 1513 A.D.
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IAC Draft Material 16
The “Legacy Hurdle”
Legacy systems typically:Monolithic – Difficult to modifyClosed – Difficult to interface with
Ties up available resourcesMost of IT staff and funds devoted to applicationmaintenance
All or nothing legacy replacementDifficult to carve out functionality for incrementalreplacement
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Business Drivers & Benefits
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IAC Draft Material 18
Business Drivers & Benefits
Increased Adaptability & FlexibilityCapability Sharing = reduced redundancy
Time to MarketLifecycle CostRisk Mitigation
Consistent application of policy & guidanceInteroperability and Information SharingIT Value Chain and Business stakeholderalignment
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IAC Draft Material 19
Common Components Enable Cross-agencyInteroperability & Information Sharing
Agency A Agency B
Access Channel
Agency C
Office
Bureau
Office
Business Community
Citizen Dept.Business Segment 1
Business Segment 2
Business Segment 3
Business Segment 4
Gov.Analyst
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IAC Draft Material 20
Agile Organizations Require AdaptableArchitectures1980’s and
earlier
•OrganizationFocus•Mainframecentric
•Monolithic•Internal use
1990’s
•Business ProcessFocus•Client/Server •Monolithic•Business-to-businessvia EDI - file transfer
•Virtual organizations•Distributed Functions•Service oriented•Componentized•E-commerce
•Real-time
New Millennium
3rd partyserviceproviders
ExtranetInternetCustomers
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Enablers and Critical Success Factors
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IAC Draft Material 22
Enablers and Critical Success Factors
Enablers Technologies Exist to Enable CBACommercial components availableStandards & Best Practices Exist - Adopt them
BRM is the starting pointCritical Success Factors
Business Driven EA ApproachRevised Solution Development Lifecycle focused onCOTS acquisition/integrationMechanism for Sharing and Managing SoftwareAssets Is Key
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IAC Draft Material 23
Conceptual andStrategic InterfaceAlignment
TechnicalInterface
Development
Business Process Driven Integration:Business Process Leadership
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IAC Draft Material 24
OMB’s New SDLC Incorporates CBA in an IterativeProcess
Artifacts and Activities
Performance Measures, Objectives, Outcomes (PRM)
Business Objectives (BRM)Funding, Partnering Strategies
AcquisitionAcquisition
IntegrationIntegration
Identify Best Practices, technology Enablers, andComponents
Existing Stake Holders, Business Processes, andWorkflows
Existing Delivery and Access Channels (Portfolio)Must Have Functions, Features, and Info ExchangesShort and Long-Term RequirementsAssessment of As-is state: Gap analysis
Define/Align Service ComponentsComponent Common Criteria, SLASelect COTS based on normalized EA
vendor submissions.
Define Component Relationships to BRMWiring & Activity Diagrams, Component
Arch, Data ArchTo-Be architecture ‘blueprints’
Prototype SolutionArchitecture
Verify ROI, business fitValidate Sequencing Plan
Iterative DevelopmentValue-Based Releases
Understanding the
Business
Understanding the
Business
Knowing What’sPossible
Knowing What’sPossible
Model the BusinessDefine the Gaps
Model the BusinessDefine the Gaps
Develop the“Blueprints”Develop the“Blueprints”
Obtain ComponentsObtain Components
Assemble theComponents
Assemble theComponents
ExecutionExecutionDeployManagere-Baseline
Execute &Deploy
Execute &Deploy
DiscoveryDiscovery
RequirementsRequirements
StrategyStrategy
ArchitectureArchitecture
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IAC Draft Material 25
Technologies to Support CBA are Here Today
J2EE Technical
Architecture
.Net Technical
ArchitectureEAI
Web Services
Portals
Directory Services
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IAC Draft Material 26
Repository: Sharing & Managing SoftwareAssets
Application Development Group
Commercial Catalog
Agency Specific Catalog
SpecifyBuild
Productize
Find
Evaluate Consume
Publish
Publish
Federal-Wide Catalog
User View
ComponentRepository
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Recommendations
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IAC Draft Material 28
Recommendations for Transformation toCBA
DiscoveryDiscovery
RequirementsRequirements
AcquisitionAcquisition
StrategyStrategy
ArchitectureArchitecture
IntegrationIntegration
Update Policy &Drive Cultural Change
Reform COTSProcess
Define SDLC FW
ObtainExecutive
Buy-In andSupport
EstablishManagement
Structureand Control
Define anArchitecture
Processand Approach
DevelopBaseline
EnterpriseArchitecture
DevelopTarget
EnterpriseArchitecture
Develop theSequencing Plan
Usethe
EnterpriseArchitecture
Maintain theEnterprise
Architecture
Section 3.1
Section 3.2
Section 4
Section 5
Section 5
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Controland
Oversight
Controland
OversightUpdate EA Process
XML
• Parse• Transform• Route• Manipulate
XML
DB
App
App
ServiceProvider
• SOAP• WSDL
• UDDI• ebXML
App
ServiceProvider
ServiceProvider
ServiceBroker
ServiceRequestor
ServiceRequestor Adopt
Common Infrastructure
EstablishSolution Center
Interoperability
Define Interop. Standards
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Initialization Ongoing Activities
Ongo ing ActivitiesInitialization
OMB Process
Agency P rocesses
Ongo ing ActivitiesInitializationOngo ing ActivitiesInitialization
Ongo ing Ac tivitiesInitialization
Phasing of Recommendations
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IAC Draft Material 30
Establish CBA Solution Center
CBA Solution Center Mission: Foster Use of Common Services/Components Across AgenciesProcess Center of Excellence : CBA Best Practices, Business Process Patterns, Linkages to Reference ModelsComponent Integration Lab : COTS/GOTS Evaluation, Common Components, Certification of ComponentsCollaboration Forum : Build Consensus on Process & Data Factoring
CBA Solution Center
ComponentIntegration Lab
CollaborationForum
Process Center of Excellence
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IAC Draft Material 31
Update EA & SDLC Processes
Integrate CBA into Enterprise Architecture &Solutions Development Framework
Initiation Ong oing
OMB
Agency
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IAC Draft Material 32
Define Reference Model Linkages
Agencies Need Assistance in Building Agency ServicesArchitecture from SRM and BRM; also data structures(DRM) from the SRM
Initiation Ongoing
OMB
Agency
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IAC Draft Material 33
Adopt Common Infrastructure
Establish Technical Infrastructure (TRM), AcquireAppropriate Tools, Implement Component Repository
Initiation Ongoing
OMB
Agency
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IAC Draft Material 34
Define Interoperability Standards
Establish Policies, Procedures, Technology Options forInteroperability & Information Sharing Across Agencies
♦ Establi
S d
Initiation Ongoing
OMB
Agency
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IAC Draft Material 35
Update Policy & Drive OrganizationalChange
Organizational Change is Difficult: Treat Transformation as Change Management Project
♦ Define Targets
Initiation Ongoing
OMB
Agency
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IAC Draft Material 36
Reform COTS ProcessEstablish Common Process for Evaluating & AcquiringCOTS/GOTS; Mechanism for Development of CommonComponents; Certification Process & Repository
Initiation Ongoing
OMB
Agency
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IAC D ft M t i l 37
Summary