ease free production ppt

8/7/2019 ease free production ppt

1/15

Carbonates :

sodium carbonate or soda ash

(NO2CO3)

modified soda (NO2CO3 NaHCO3

2H2O)

sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)

potassium carbonate (K2CO3)


2/15

Phosphates :

The most commonly employed phosphates inthe detergent industry are :

Trisodium phosphates Na3PO4

disodium phosphates Na2HPO4

chlorinated trisodium phosphates (Na2PO412H2O)2 NaOCl

trisodium pyrophosphate Na4P2O7 sodium tripoly-phosphate Na5P3O10

sodium tetraphosphate Na6P4O13


3/15

Of these, sodium tripolyphosphate is the most commonly

used one and constitutes 30 to 50 per cent of the all modern

synthetic detergent powders because :

It adds to the washing power of the detergent powder

Its addition helps prevent greying of white clothes onrepeated washings

It equally works in hard water

It enhances the dirt removing and soil suspendingproperties

Its addition helps in the bead formation when thepowder is made by conventional drying method.


4/15

Silicates :

The commonly available silicates are of the

three types :

Sodium metasilicate Na6Si2O7

Sodium metasilicate Na2SiO3

Sodium orthosilicate Na4SiO4


5/15

Silicates are added into the detergent powder

with following specific purposes in view :

Suspension of soil in solution and prevention

of redeposition on cloth,

As wetting and emulsifying agents, Good buffering action, and

Inhibit corrosion of stainless steel and

aluminium wares.


6/15

Oxygen Releasing Compounds :

Sodium perforate NaBO3. 4H2O is the most

important compound of this class. When it is

in the solution form, it is used as a bleachingagent. Its action is very mild and does not

harm animal, vegetable and synthetic fibres.


7/15

OTHER ADDITIVES :

(a) Whitening Agents

(b) Enzymes Enzymes of the following types are of interest to the detergent industry:

Proteases-these act on protein to form amino acids.

Amylases-convert starches into dextrin.

Lipases-attack fats and oils

(c) Anti-redeposition Agents

(d) Insoluble Inorganic Fillers (e) Colloidal Silica

(f) Bleaching Agent


8/15

PROCEDURAL DETAILS OF MANUFACTURING

'COMMERCIAL' DETERGENT POWDERS

Some of the important techniques employed

are:

Absorption

Absorption and neutralisation

Spray drying (pressure jet)

Drum drying

Drying mixture of powders.


9/15


10/15

Model SD-10

60 cubic feet mixing capacity or 4,000 pounds

per batch.


11/15

Super Duty Precision-Mix Batch

Mixers : Designed and built for ingredients weighting

50 to 70 pounds per cubic foot and up to 8hours per day of operation. For 8 to 12 hours

per day operation, Foot Mounted SpeedReducer, which replaces mixer's belt and firstchain drive, should be used. For 12 to 24 hoursper day operation, Shaft Mounted SpeedReducer, which replaces both of the mixer's

chain drives, must be used. For mixingDetergents and Soap Powders, Chemicals,Fertilizers, Livestock Feeds containing 20 to30% molasses and Mineral Mixes.


12/15

Model SD-20

90 Cubic Feet mixing capacity or 6,000 pounds

per batch.


13/15

Model SD-30

115 Cubic feet mixing capacity or 8,000 pounds

per batch.


14/15

Model SD-60

180 Cubic Feet mixing capacity or 12,600 Pounds

Per Batch.


15/15

Model SD-80

250 Cubic Feet mixing capacity or 17,500 pounds

per batch.

ease free production ppt

Documents