echinoderms
DESCRIPTION
Echinoderms. Section 29.1. Animal Classification. Sponges Cnidarians Worms Mollusks Arthropods Enchinoderms. Invertebrates. Echinoderms. Animals. Fishes Amphibians Reptiles. Ectotherms (cold-blooded). Vertebrates. Birds Mammals. Endotherms (warm-blooded). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Echinoderms
Section 29.1
![Page 2: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Animal Classification
Animals
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
SpongesCnidariansWormsMollusksArthropodsEnchinoderms
Ectotherms(cold-blooded)
Endotherms(warm-blooded)
FishesAmphibiansReptiles
BirdsMammals
Echinoderms
![Page 3: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is an Echinoderm?
Echinoderm (Greek word) “echinos” – spiny “derma” – skin
Rays – long, tapering arms that are covered with short, rounded spines
![Page 4: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is an Echinoderm?
Pedicellariae (PEH dih sih LAHR ee ee) – modified spines into pincerlike appendages
Echinoderms have radial symmetry
![Page 5: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Water Vascular System
Water vascular system – a hydraulic system that operates under water pressure
Water enters and leaves the water vascular system of a sea star through the madreporite
![Page 6: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Water Vascular System
Madreporite (mah druh POHR ite) – a sievelike, disk-shaped opening on the upper surface of an echinoderm’s body
![Page 7: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Water Vascular System
Tube feet – hollow, thin-walled tubes that end in a suction cup
Tube feet look somewhat like miniature droppers
![Page 8: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Water Vascular System
Ampulla – the round, muscular structure works like the bulb of a dropper
Tube feet also function in gas exchange and excretion
![Page 9: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Varied Nutrition
Sea stars are carnivorous and prey on worms and clams
Brittle stars and sea cucumbers feed on dead and decaying matter that drifts down to the ocean floor
![Page 11: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Simple Nervous System
Echinoderms have no head or brain, but they do have a central nerve ring
Each radial nerve branches into a nerve net that provides sensory information to the animal
![Page 12: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Simple Nervous System
Sea stars have eyespots located at the tip of each arm
![Page 13: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Diversity of Echinoderms
Sea stars Most species of sea stars have five rays, but
some can have up to 40 rays
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A100m5EpfFI
![Page 14: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Sea Stars
![Page 15: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Diversity of Echinoderms
Brittle stars Brittle stars are extremely fragile This adaptation helps the brittle star to distract a
predator
![Page 16: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Diversity of Echinoderms
Sea urchins Globe-shaped Do not have rays Look like pin cushions
Sand dollars Disk-shaped Do not have rays A living sand dollar is
covered with hair-like spines
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3uwOURjneWQ
![Page 17: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Sand Dollars
![Page 18: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Diversity of Echinoderms
Sea cucumbers When threatened, they may expel their organs
(intestines) through the anus The organs may rupture and is regenerated in a
few weeks
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXf_YodWw40
![Page 19: Echinoderms](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081519/56813a51550346895da248ac/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Sea Cucumbers