ecological change objectives: 1.how do ecosystems change by the process of succession? 2.what are...
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ECOLOGICAL CHANGE
Objectives:
1. How do ecosystems change by the process of succession?
2. What are biomes?
3. Describe the climax community in each of the 6 land biomes of the world
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ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION
• Process in which one community is gradually replaced by another
• Pioneer community – the first community to enter an area
• Climax community – the final or most stable community in an area
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BIOME
• Areas with similar climates and ecological communities
• Biomes can be aquatic (water) or terrestrial (land)
• classified by temperature, amount of rainfall, and characteristic plant and animal life
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AQUATIC BIOMES
Biome Description Plants/Animals
Fresh water No salt Ponds, lakes, rivers, streams
Algae, lily pads, trout, frogs, ducks, leeches
Salt water (marine) Salty Oceans, seas
Algae, kelp, starfish, whales, sea bass, sharks, octopus …
Estuary Brackish (partially salty) may vary throughout the yearSwamps, bays, wetlands
Cattails, swamp grass, algae, muskrats, alligators, catfish, heron, …
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TERRESTRIAL BIOMESBiome Description Plants/Animals
Tundra Polar regions, artic, antarctic, extreme cold temperatures, permafrost (frozen ground), little rainfall
Lichen (symbiotic algae and fungus), polar bear, fox, …
Coniferous (Taiga)
Long cold season, few warm months, average rainfall, most of Canada
Pines, hardy shrubs, moose, deer, migratory birds …
Deciduous Seasonal temperature variations, average rainfall, new York state
Pines, firs, deciduous trees, variety of deer, ducks, rabbits, squirrels, snakes, toads …
Rainforest Higher temperatures, significant rainfall, vegetation occurring in layers
Lush forests, ferns, bromeliads, monkeys, frogs, salamanders, tucan, leopard, snakes, …
Grasslands Wide open spaces, minimal rainfall with periodic droughts
Grasses, rodents, prairie dogs, buffalo, …
Desert Very little rainfall, extreme daily temperature fluctuations, predominately sand and rock
Cacti, dry weeds, reptiles, insects …