ECOLOGYECOLOGY

1.1. Living things and their interaction with Living things and their interaction with the environmentthe environment

2.2. A. Biosphere, largest, most inclusiveA. Biosphere, largest, most inclusiveB. Ecosystem, biotic (living), B. Ecosystem, biotic (living),

abiotic (nonliving)abiotic (nonliving)C. Community, biotic (living), speciesC. Community, biotic (living), speciesD. Population, species, breedingD. Population, species, breedingE. Organism, smallest, least inclusiveE. Organism, smallest, least inclusive

3.3. A. Human Population ExplosionA. Human Population Explosion

i.i. Habitat DestructionHabitat Destruction

ii.ii. Acid Rain/PrecipitationAcid Rain/Precipitation

iii.iii. DeforestationDeforestation

iv.iv. Introduced SpeciesIntroduced Species

B. Global WarmingB. Global Warming

C. Ozone DepletionC. Ozone Depletion

D. Pesticide UseD. Pesticide Use

4.4. A. 7A. 7

B. Cause, all other ecological issuesB. Cause, all other ecological issues

C. Habitat DestructionC. Habitat Destruction

i. Living spacei. Living space

ii. Inhabitedii. Inhabited

iii.Habitatiii.Habitat

iv.wildlife iv.wildlife

(listen for examples to write on the lines)(listen for examples to write on the lines)

v. Death, extinction of an entire speciesv. Death, extinction of an entire species

vi. Research, extentvi. Research, extent

D.D. Acid Rain/PrecipitationAcid Rain/Precipitation

i. Pollutioni. Pollution

ii. Carbon dioxide, Sulfur dioxide,ii. Carbon dioxide, Sulfur dioxide,

Nitrogen oxides, etc.Nitrogen oxides, etc.

iii. Air, water, carbonic acid, sulfuric acid, nitriciii. Air, water, carbonic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric

acid, etc.acid, etc.

iv.iv. Below 7, 0Below 7, 0

v.v. Damage, death, aquatic organisms, Damage, death, aquatic organisms, bacteria, soilbacteria, soil

vi.vi. EcosystemEcosystem

vii.vii. Release, atmosphereRelease, atmosphere

E.E. DeforestationDeforestation

i. Trees, forestsi. Trees, forests

ii. Destroy habitats, destroysii. Destroy habitats, destroys

iii. Trees, oxygen, photosynthesis, iii. Trees, oxygen, photosynthesis,

carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide

iv. Global Warming iv. Global Warming

v. Destruction, plantingv. Destruction, planting

F.F. Introduced SpeciesIntroduced Species

i. Human lifei. Human life

ii. Speciesii. Species

iii. Introduced species, predatorsiii. Introduced species, predators

iv. Overpopulation, possible extinction, iv. Overpopulation, possible extinction,

endemic (native)endemic (native)

v. Rats, Galapagos Islands, huge v. Rats, Galapagos Islands, huge

amounts of, endangeredamounts of, endangered

vi. Introduced, impossiblevi. Introduced, impossible

5.5. A. Climate changeA. Climate changeB. Greenhouse effect, heat,B. Greenhouse effect, heat,

greenhouse gasesgreenhouse gasesC. Carbon dioxide and water vapor,C. Carbon dioxide and water vapor,

Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxideD. Cellular Respiration,Decomposition,D. Cellular Respiration,Decomposition,

Volcanic Eruption and Burning Fossil Volcanic Eruption and Burning Fossil Fuels Fuels

E. Deforestation, carbon dioxideE. Deforestation, carbon dioxide

F. Too many greenhouse gasesF. Too many greenhouse gases

G. Average yearly global temperatureG. Average yearly global temperature

H. Polar ice, sea levelsH. Polar ice, sea levels

I. Global weather patternsI. Global weather patterns

J. Production of excess greenhouse J. Production of excess greenhouse

gasesgases

A. OA. O33

B. StratosphereB. Stratosphere

C. Ultraviolet (UV)C. Ultraviolet (UV)

D. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), aerosol D. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), aerosol

canscans

E. Destroy ozone moleculesE. Destroy ozone molecules

F. Thinning, AntarcticaF. Thinning, Antarctica

G.G. Ultraviolet radiation, Earth’s surfaceUltraviolet radiation, Earth’s surface

H.H. Mutates DNAMutates DNA

I.I. Skin cancer, retinal damage, etc. in Skin cancer, retinal damage, etc. in humans and other deformations in other humans and other deformations in other organismsorganisms

J.J. CFCsCFCs

7.7. A. Chemical, pest populations, A. Chemical, pest populations,

mosquitoesmosquitoes

B. Powerful pesticides, agricultural,B. Powerful pesticides, agricultural,

health-managementhealth-management

i. DDT, powerful, very effectivei. DDT, powerful, very effective

ii. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethaneii. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane

iii.accumulate, bioaccumulationiii.accumulate, bioaccumulation

iv. feeding relationshipsiv. feeding relationships

fly, heronfly, heron

v. Biomagnificationv. Biomagnification

vi. Biological processes,vi. Biological processes,

reproduction, growth, etc.reproduction, growth, etc.

vii. Powerfulvii. Powerful

viii. Rachel Carson, DDT, viii. Rachel Carson, DDT,

Silent Spring, Silent Spring, DDTDDT

ix. DDTix. DDT

C. Resistance, natural selectionC. Resistance, natural selection

Population 1-includes 10 mosquitoes Population 1-includes 10 mosquitoes (7 are normal and 3 are resistant)(7 are normal and 3 are resistant)

XX XX XX XX XXXX XX XX XX XX

Population 1 gets sprayed with a pesticide.Population 1 gets sprayed with a pesticide.

Population 2-includes 3 mosquitoes Population 2-includes 3 mosquitoes

(all are resistant)(all are resistant)

XX XX XX

The resistant mosquitoes survive and The resistant mosquitoes survive and reproduce.reproduce.

Population 3-includes 12 mosquitoesPopulation 3-includes 12 mosquitoes

(all are resistant)(all are resistant)

XX XX XX XX XX XX

XX XX XX XX XX XX

8.8. A. Physical location, livesA. Physical location, lives

9.9. A. Way of life, roleA. Way of life, role

B. Habitat, feeding relationships,B. Habitat, feeding relationships,

sleeping patterns, etc.sleeping patterns, etc.

C. Fundamental nicheC. Fundamental niche

D. Realized niche, smallerD. Realized niche, smaller

E. Generalist, broadE. Generalist, broad

F. Specialist, narrowF. Specialist, narrow

10. 10. A. Use, resourceA. Use, resource

B. Overlapping nichesB. Overlapping niches

C. i. Competitive exclusionC. i. Competitive exclusion

ii. Character displacementii. Character displacement

iii. Resource partitioningiii. Resource partitioning

11.11. B. See example on the boardB. See example on the board

C. IntoleranceC. Intolerance

D. Stress, acclimation, migration,D. Stress, acclimation, migration,

dormancydormancy

E. Optimal conditionsE. Optimal conditions

F. Conformers, regulatorsF. Conformers, regulators

12.12. DemographyDemography

i. Population sizei. Population size

ii. Population densityii. Population density

iii.Population dispersioniii.Population dispersion

1. Clumped dispersion1. Clumped dispersion

2. Even dispersion2. Even dispersion

3. Random dispersion3. Random dispersion

13.13. DynamicDynamic

A. Birth rateA. Birth rate

B. Mortality rateB. Mortality rate

C. Life expectancyC. Life expectancy

D. Immigration, emigrationD. Immigration, emigration

14. Graphs14. Graphs

Make a note to see p. 103 in yourMake a note to see p. 103 in your

textbooktextbook

15.15. Growth RateGrowth Rate

16.16. A. Grows rapidlyA. Grows rapidly

B. See graph on boardB. See graph on board

17.17. cannot, run out of resourcescannot, run out of resources

18.18. A. Limiting factors, equalA. Limiting factors, equal

B. Carrying capacityB. Carrying capacity

C. See graph on boardC. See graph on board

19.19. B. Density dependent factors, B. Density dependent factors,

food shortage, water shortage,food shortage, water shortage,

living space shortage, spread ofliving space shortage, spread of

disease, etc.disease, etc.

C. Density independent factors, C. Density independent factors,

wildfire, flooding, mudslides, wildfire, flooding, mudslides,

major stormsmajor storms

20. Make a note to see p. 98 in your textbook.20. Make a note to see p. 98 in your textbook.

21.21. PredationPredation

a. Speed, strength, stealth, etc.a. Speed, strength, stealth, etc.

i. Foul scent/taste i. Foul scent/taste

ii. Camouflageii. Camouflage

iii. Mimicryiii. Mimicry

A king snake (not poisonous) looksA king snake (not poisonous) looks

like a coral snake (poisonous)like a coral snake (poisonous)

22.22. HerbivoreHerbivorea.a. PlantsPlants

b.b. Thorns, prickly leaves, etc. Thorns, prickly leaves, etc.

secondary compoundssecondary compounds

c. Chemicals that are foul-tasting, poisonous c. Chemicals that are foul-tasting, poisonous or irritating when consumedor irritating when consumed

23.23. Symbiotic relationshipsSymbiotic relationshipslive in close associationlive in close association1. Mutualism, both organisms benefit,1. Mutualism, both organisms benefit,

Lichen, Lichen, Clown Fish/Sea AnemoneClown Fish/Sea Anemone

2. Commensalism, benefits, 2. Commensalism, benefits, neither harmed nor benefited,neither harmed nor benefited,

bird, treebird, tree3. Parasitism, parasite, host, harmed,3. Parasitism, parasite, host, harmed, benefitsbenefits Plasmodium, causes malariaPlasmodium, causes malaria

24.24. Producers, autotrophs, Producers, autotrophs,

produce their own food for energy,produce their own food for energy,

plants, algae, cyanobacteria and plants, algae, cyanobacteria and chemosynthetic bacteriachemosynthetic bacteria

25. Consumers, heterotrophs25. Consumers, heterotrophs

a. Herbivoresa. Herbivores

b. Omnivoresb. Omnivores

c. Carnivoresc. Carnivores

d. Detritivoresd. Detritivores

e. Decomposers, bacteriae. Decomposers, bacteria

26-29 will be on the board and screen26-29 will be on the board and screen