ecology group review

7/23/2019 Ecology Group Review

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ECOLOGYEXAM

Group Review


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Rules for Group Review

You must work with your group.

Only one person may answer for your group.

You may not talk during other groups turns or

your group will lose points.If you repeat an incorrect answer, your group

will lose points.

You may not use anything during GroupReview except your rains.

If voice levels cannot e controlled, we willstop playing and instead have a pop !ui".


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Ecology

Population

The study of howorganisms interact

with one anotherand with theenironment!

A group ofindiiduals of the

same species thatlie in the sameplace!


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"iotic #actor

A$iotic #actor

A liing partof the

enironment!

A nonliingpart of anenironment!


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#pecies

$ommunity

Includesorganisms that

are closelyrelated and canmate to producefertile offspring.

%ade up of allthe species thatlive and interactin an area.


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&cosystem

'aitat

( community oforganisms and theirnonliving environment.

)he place where anorganism usually lives.


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*iche

+roducer (utotroph-

)he role the populationplays in the ecosystem.

ses energy to make ownfood.


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/ecomposer

$onsumer

(n organism that getsenergy and nutrients y

reaking down the

remains of otherorganisms.

(n organism that eatsother organisms.


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'erivore

$arnivore

( consumer that eatsonly plants.

( consumer that eatsother animals.


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Omnivore

0ood $hain

( consumer that eatsoth plants and animals.

)he path of energytransfer from producersto consumers in onedirection.


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0ood 1e )he feeding relationshipsamong organisms in anecosystem and are made

up of many food chains.


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&cologyLE%%O& ' A&( )*OCA"+LA,Y


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2imiting 0actor

An enironmentfactor thatpreents an

organism orpopulation fromreaching its full

potential of si-eor actiity!


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&stuary

(n areawhere fresh

water mixeswith saltwater fromthe ocean.


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+rey

(norganism

that is killedand eaten y

anotherorganism.


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*ative #pecies

A species thatwas notintroduced and

that naturallyoccurs in a gienecosystem $oth

in the past andnow!


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1etland

An area ofland that isperiodicallyunderwater orwhose soilcontains agreat deal ofmoisture!


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+redator

Anorganism

that .illsand eats allor part ofanotherorganism!


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$oral Reef

A limestone

ridge found intropical climatesand composed of

coral fragmentsthat aredeposited

around organicremains!


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Introduced #pecies

A speciesintroducedeither $yaccident or onpurpose $yhuman actionsinto places

$eyond thespecies/ naturalrange!


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#ymiosis

A relationshipin which two

differentorganisms liein close

associationwith eachother!


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$ompetition

Ecologicalrelationshipin which twoor moreorganismsdepend on the

same limitedresource!


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%utualism

Arelationship

$etween twospecies in

which $othspecies

$enefit!


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+arasitism

A relationship$etween twospecies in which

one species0 theparasite0$enefits fro the

other species0the host0 whichis harmed!


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$ommensalism

A relationship$etween two

organisms inwhich oneorganism

$enefits andthe other isunaffected!


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Review !uestions3


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(. %utualism 4. +redation$. +arasitism /.$ommensalism

Question 1


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Question 2

2. Ants and acacia trees have a mutualistic

relationship because

A. They both benefit from living with each

other.

B. They are part of the same ecosystem.

C. They are both adapted to a humid climate.

D. The ants eat part of the acacia tree.


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5. %ale ull sea lions fighting for eachmaster dominance and the first pick offemale cows during mating season is an

example of which symioticrelationship6

(. $ompetition

Question


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Question !!. "hat does symbiosis mean#

A. living separately$ no relationship

between 2 species

B. living together$ close relationship

between 2 species

C. living in a community with nointeraction between each other

D. living together in fear of each other


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Question %%. "hat type of relationship is

Commensalism#

A. &ne species benefits and the other is

not affected at all.

B. Both species involved benefit from the

relationship.C. &ne species benefits and the other is

harmed.

D. Competing for the same food source


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Question 'A remora hitching a ride on the shar( is

an e)ample of which symbiotic

relationship#

A. *redator+prey

B. ,utualism

C. *arasitismD. Commensalism


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Question -"hich of the following relationships

identifies a situation in which two species

share a reuirement for a limited resource

thus reducing the fitness of one or both

species#

A. CompetitionB. ,utualism

C. *arasitism

D. Decomposition


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Question /

A haw( soaring above a field

hunting for a field mouse is an

e)ample of which relationship#

A. Commensalism

B. ,utualismC. 0ymbolism

D. *redation


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Question

This is an e)ample of whichrelationship#

A. CommensalismB. ,utualism

C. 0ymbolism

D. *redation


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Question 1The bacteria in our large intestine brea(

down food that we consider waste. Duringthis process$ vitamins are released that we

absorb into our bloodstream. This is an

e)ample of which symbiotic relationship#

A. *arasitism

B. CommensalismC. Competition

D. ,utualism


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&cology

1hich organism is a producer in the mangroveswamp6

(. cra $. pelican

4. mold /. phytoplankton

(! phytoplan.ton


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&cology

1hat/s the difference $etween a$iotic and$iotic2

3!!

A$iotic 4 nonliing factors

"iotic 4 liing factors


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&cology

1hich of the following is a characteristic of scavengersthat makes them different from carnivores6

(. #cavengers eat only plant materials.4. #cavengers are omnivores that always eat live

animals.$. #cavengers are omnivores that eat dead plants and

animals.

/. #cavengers are ale to produce their own food whenno other food is availale.

C! %caengers are omniores that eat dead

plants and animals!


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&cology

5er$iores0 carniores0 and omniores arethree types of

33!

consumers


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&cology

Remoras are small fish that attach to sharks ut do not harmthem. 1hen sharks tear prey apart, remoras eat theleftovers. 1hat statement aout the relationship etweenremoras and sharks is true6

(. Remoras and sharks have a predator7prey relationship.4. )he remoras and sharks are an example of mutualism.

$. Remoras and sharks are an example of parasitism.

/. )he remoras and sharks is an example ofcommensalism.

(! The remoras and shar.s is an e6ample of

commensalism!


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&cology

1hat is $eing transferred in a food we$ orfood chain22

33

energy


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&cology

7f a s8uirrel eats an acorn0 and a sna.e eatsthe s8uirrel0 and a haw. eats the sna.e0which organism is a tertiary 9C':

consumer23!

The haw.


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&cology

&cological environments can e divided into differentlevels of organi"ation. 0rom the following choices,identify the correct order from largest to smallest.

(. ecosystem, population, community, individual4. community, ecosystem, population, individual

$. ecosystem, community, population, individual

/. individual, population, community, ecosystem

C! ecosystem0 community0 population0indiidual


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&cology

$ogongrass, a nonnative species of grass, grows in many areas of0lorida. Its roots can spread !uickly underground. $ogongrassthrives where fires allow it to spread. 1hich of the following is anegative effect that cogongrass could have on other organisms inits haitat6

(. It provides places for animals in the haitat to hide.4. It provides a new source of food for animals in the haitat.$. It replaces native plants that animals depend on for food or

shelter.

/. It contriutes nutrients to the soil in the haitat so that soilorganisms can grow.

C! 7t replaces natie plants that animals depend on for

food or shelter!


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&cology

'oneyees are important pollinators of flowers. %itesthat live in the odies of ees can attack honeyeecolonies. #ome irds, amphiians, and insects eat

honeyees. 1hich of the following relationships is notincluded in the description aove6

(. parasitism $. commensalism

4. mutualism /. predator7prey

C! commensalism


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&cology

&arths environments include oth iotic and aioticfactors that living things need to survive. 2argemangrove ecosystems are found along the coastlines in

0lorida. 1hich of the following are$othaioticfactors in the mangrove ecosystem6

(. water and pelican $. pelican and cra

4. sun and rocks /. snail and water

"! sun and roc.s


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&cology

)wo types of gloal food wes show the feedingrelationships of organisms. 1hat distinguishes one type ofgloal we from the other6

(. whether or not the food we includes tertiary

consumers4. whether the producers on the food we are located onland or in water

$. whether the we includes animals that migrate longduring the year

/. whether the ecosystem descried y the we islocali"ed or very road

"! whether the producers on the food we$ arelocated on land or in water


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&cology

)he 0lorida panther is an endangered species. It eats mostlywhite7tailed deer, wild pigs, raccoons, and armadillos, ut it mayalso eat other small mammals and irds. )he 0lorida panther usedto live in forests, prairies, and swamps over most of thesoutheastern nited #tates. *ow it lives only in the southern tip of0lorida, south of the $aloosahatchee River. 1hat is the mostli.elycause of the decline of the 0lorida panther population6

(. )he unintentional introduction of a larger predator predation-.

4. )he reak7up of the panthers natural haitat y humansettlement uranification-.$. (ll the water has dried up desertification-./. $ompetition for territory etween panthers competition-."! The $rea.;up of the panther/s natural ha$itat $y

human settlement 9ur$anification:!


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&cology

/evon noticed that it has rained much more this year than itdid in each of the previous 89 years. 'ow might this increasein rainfall affect populations in the area6

(. +opulations for whom water is a limiting factor will

increase in si"e.4. +opulations for whom water is a limiting factor will

decrease in si"e.$. +opulations for whom water is not a limiting factor will

increase in si"e./. +opulations for whom water is not a limiting factor will

decrease in si"e.A! Populations for whom water is a limiting factor

will increase in si-e!


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&cology

)he interiors of some plants have tunnels and holes thatants can live in. )hese plants may also produce food ontheir leaves that ants like to eat. 1hich of the following isnota likely reason that some plants are adapted to

attract ants6(. (nts could pollinate the plants flowers.4. (nts could farm aphids, which eat the plants sap.

$. (nts could attack invaders that might eat the plant./. (nts could die, adding nutrients to the soil elow theplant.

"! Ants could farm aphids0 which eat the plant/s

sap!


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&cology

( company is planning to uild a new factory that usesfreshwater pumped from a river to cool its machines whilethey operate. )he company plans on constructing the newfactory near an estuary. )he freshwater used y the factory

will e cooled ack to outside temperatures and then releasedinto the estuary. 1hich limiting factor in the estuary would eaffected y the uilding of this new factory6

(. sunlight penetration

4. salt levels in the water

$. nutrient levels in the soil

/. temperature of the water

"! salt leels in the water


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&cology

/iseases are often thought of as a ad thing. 1hich ofthe following is the est example of how diseases helpecosystems maintain alance6

(. If a predator ecomes too vicious, a disease couldwipe it out and save all of its prey.

4. If an endangered producer species is almost gone,a disease could help make them go extinct.

$. If an invasive species population gets too large, adisease could reduce its numers.

C! 7f an inasie species population gets too

large0 a disease could reduce its num$ers!


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&cology

4eavers were rought and released in #outh (merica in8:;< to help raise money. #ince then, they have causedmillions of dollars of damage to timer industries andtheir dams have killed grasslands and damaged roads.

1hat would you call the eavers in #outh (merica6

(. *ative species

4. Introduced=Invasive species

$. +roducers/. #cavengers

"! 7ntroduced


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&cology

1hich is an example of parasitism6

(. )wo species of insects that feed on the same rare

plant.4. ( ocat and a >ackrait.

$. (n (frican lioness feeding her cus.

/. ( tick living on a dog.(! A tic. liing on a dog!


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&cology

1hich is an example of competition6

(. )wo species of insect that feed on the same rare plant.

4. ( ocat and a >ackrait$. (n (frican lioness feeding her cus

/. ( tick living on a dog.

A! Two species of insect that feed on the samerare plant!


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0inal ?uestion3333

)alk to your group to decide howmany points you want to wager.

If you get the 0inal ?uestioncorrect, you will add the wageredpoints to your score.

If you dont, you will lose thepoints.


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0inal ?uestion@ Roles in &nergy )ransfer

/escrie the path that energy takes through a foodchain.

%un0 producers0 consumers 9primary or C=0secondary or C>0tertiary or C' and alsoher$iore0 omniore0 carniore:0decomposers 9scaengers:

ecology group review

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