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Biocenosis orBiological community

Consists of all the living beings that inhabit the biotope or anecosystem.

Biotope The physical environment of the ecosystem and itscharacteristics.

Habitat The physical environment where individuals of a particular

species live and are adapted.

Ecological niche The function which a particular species has in an ecosystem.

Producers Autotrophic organisms which makes own organic matter frominorganic matter. Grass.

Consumers Heterotrophic organisms which feed on organic material whichhas already been produced. Linx.

Decomposers Heterotrophic organisms which transform organic matter back

into inorganic matter. Fungi and Bacteria.

Intraspecificrelationship

Interaction among individuals of the same species. Colonialsociety.

Interspecificrelationship

Interaction among individuals of different species. Predation.

Biosphere The life zone of the earth which includes all living organismsand all organic matter. It is the living component of theecosphere.

Ecosphere Is the zone of the earth which includes all ecosystems of theworld.

Ecosystem A part of the ecosphere which includes the organisms whichlive in a particular area, the biotope and the relationshipbetween them and their physical environment.

Biome A large-scale ecosystem of the world.

Biotic factors The effects which other organisms have on a living beings inits environment.

Abiotic factors The physical and chemical elements in an ecosystem.Temperature.

Population Members of the same species that are present in a community.

Tolerance range The abiotic components range in which a population can live.

Adaptation An adjustment in an organisms body or behaviour to itsenvironment. Gills.

Trophic level All the organisms in an ecosystem which have the same feedingposition. Consumers.

Food chain orTrophic chain

All the trophic levels and their feeding relation indicated byarrows drawings/and text.

Food web orTrophic web

All the food chains in an ecosystem and its connections.

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Gabriel Rujas Modino 2 ESO