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The 2nd
International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding ISSN NO. 1410-8313
Yogyakarta, October 14-16th
, 2010
Editor’s Note iii Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
EDITOR’S NOTE
Thank God for the publication of the Proceeding of the second International Conference on Chemical Sciences (the 2
nd ICCS 2010). In term of the number of participants, the seminar with theme
of “Chemistry Goes Green” was a successful one. There were roughly 200 participants in the Seminar.
We really regret for the postponement of the Proceeding due to unpredicted circumstances especially that of Merapi eruption on October-November 2010. However, we do hope that the delay does not affect the authors to do any kind of ensuing activities.
There were initially 5 plenary papers and 177 regular papers presented in the Seminar. Among those presented works, 96 papers were submitted to the Editor in complete format. The Editor together with the Editor of the Indonesian Journal of Chemistry (IJC) nominated 5 of them to be published in July 2011 edition of the Indonesian Journal of Chemistry. The papers chosen to be published in IJC were selected based on the quality and potential to give a significant impact to the development of the chemical sciences.
Based on the contents, the papers appeared in this Proceeding are grouped into five concentrations that are Environmental and Green Chemistry (25 papers), Chemistry in Life Science and Chemical Biology (21 papers), Information Technology in Chemical Sciences and Computational Chemistry (12 papers), Innovation in Material Chemistry, Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanotechnology (20 papers) and Innovation in Methods, Technique and Instrumentation of Analytical Chemistry (18 papers). The distribution of the papers into those areas was more or less comparable. In the process of the publication of this Proceeding, we did our best to edit the papers to match a good standard of scientific publication.
Finally, we are indebted to all parties who helped in preparing the Proceeding. We wish this Proceeding would considerably contribute to the development of chemistry and those related sciences. Editor in Chief
ISSN NO. 1410-8313 The 2nd
International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding
Yogyakarta, October 14-16th
, 2010
iv Board of Editor’s Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
BOARD OF EDITOR’S
Prof. Dr. Jumina
Dr. Dwi Siswanta, M.Eng.
Dr. Indriana Kartini
Sri Sudiono, M.Si.
The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding ISSN NO. 1410-8313Yogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
The Organizing Committee 489Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
THE ADVISORS BOARD
Prof. Dr. Mult. Dr.h.c. Ali Muefit Bahadir (Germany)Prof. Dr. S. Shimazu (Japan)Prof. Dr. K. Suzuki (Japan)Prof. Dr. K. Inoue (Japan)
Prof. Dr. Mohd Noor Ahmad (Malaysia)Dr. Chairil Anwar (Indonesia)Prof. Dr. Mudasir (Indonesia)Prof. Dr. Nuryono (Indonesia)
Prof. Dr. Bambang Rusdiarso (Indonesia)Dr. Sutarno (Indonesia)
Prof. Dr. Triyono (Indonesia)Dr. Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih (Indonesia)
THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Chairperson : Prof. Dr. Endang Tri Wahyuni
Vice-Chairperson : Prof. Dr. Sri Juari Santosa
Secretary : Dr. Akhmad SyoufianSuherman, M.Sc.
Treasurer : Dr. rer. nat. Adhitasari Suratman
Programs : Dr. RotoDr. Eko Sri Kunarti
Scientific Program : Prof. Dr. JuminaDr. Dwi SiswantaDr. Indriana KartiniSri Sudiono, M.Si.
Publication : Dr. Ria Armunanto
Logistic and accommodation : Sugeng Triono, M.Si.Robby Noor Cahyono, M.Sc.
Sponsorship : Dr. rer. nat. Nurul Hidayat AprilitaDr. Tri Joko RaharjoDr. Winarto Haryadi
Exhibition : Deni Pranowo, M.Si.
Secretariat staff : M. Idham. D. M, S.Si.Gian Primahana, S.Si.Enggar Kurniawan, S.Si.Rr. Dewi Arumsari, S.Si.AriniArga Nurseptha
ISSN NO. 1410-8313 The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences ProceedingYogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
490 List of ParticipantsDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
NO NAME INSTITUTION E-MAIL
1. A.B. Ahmad Fauzi Universiti Teknologi MARA,Malaysia
2. Abdulloh Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
3. Afaf Baktir Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
4. Afnidar Open University of Jakarta,Indonesia
-
5. Agung Purwanto State University of Jakarta,Indonesia
-
6. Agus Kuncaka Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
-
7. Agusta Samodra Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
8. Agustine Susilowati Indonesian Institute ofSciences, Indonesia
9. Ahmad Makahleh Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
10. Akhmad Syoufian Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
11. Alfinda Novi Kristanti Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
12. Amalina Mohd Tajuddin Universiti Teknologi MARA,Malaysia
13. Amanatie Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
14. Amirul Al-Ashraf Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
15. Anung R University of JendralSoedirman, Indonesia
16. Arie Srihardyastutie University of Brawijaya,Indonesia
17. Artanti Melly Octaviani Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
18. Aspiyanto Indonesian Institute ofSciences, Indonesia
19. Bambang Heru Santoso Universitas Indonesia,Indonesia
20. Bambang Kusnadi University of Jember,Indonesia
The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding ISSN NO. 1410-8313Yogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
List of Participants 491Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
NO NAME INSTITUTION E-MAIL
21. Bambang Sri Kaloko Sepuluh Nopember Institute ofTechnology, Indonesia
22. Bayu Wiyantoko Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
23. Belgis Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
24. Buhani Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
25. Chairil Anwar Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
26. Chairunisa Ananda Open University of Jakarta,Indonesia
27. Che Su Endud Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
28. Choiril Azmiyawati Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
29. D. Harneti Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia
30. Daniel University of Mulawarman,Indonesia
31. Daniel Wolo Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
32. Dante Alighiri Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
33. Dedy Irawan Politeknik Negeri Samarinda,Indonesia
34. Deni Pranowo Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
35. Desi Suci Handayani Sebelas Maret University,Indonesia
36. Dian Windy Dwiasi Universitas JenderalSoedirman, Indonesia
37. Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia
38. Dwi Hudiyanti Diponegoro University,Indonesia
39. Dwiyati Pujimulyani Mercu Buana University,Indonesia
40. Eddy Cahyono Universitas Negeri Semarang,indonesia
41. Eko Sri Kunarti Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
42. Elfi Susanti VH Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
43. Elvina Dhiaul Iftitah Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
44. Endang Astuti Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
ISSN NO. 1410-8313 The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences ProceedingYogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
492 List of ParticipantsDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
NO NAME INSTITUTION E-MAIL
45. Endang Tri Wahyuni Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
46. Erdawati State University of Jakarta,Indonesia
47. Faidur Rochman Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
48. Fajar Partana Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
49. Flora E. Firdaus Jayabaya University,Indonesia
50. Ganden Supriyanto Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
51. Gian Primahana Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
52. H. A. Parhusip Satya Wacana ChristianUniversity, Indonesia
53. Harno Dwi Pranowo Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
54. Haryadi SumardiKartomidjojo
Bandung State Polytechnic,Indonesia
55. Hasnah Muin Islamic University of Indonesia,Indonesia
56. Hasri Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
57. Hassan Abdullah Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
58. Hery Suwito Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
59. I D. K Anom Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
60. I Made Wisnu Adhi Putra Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
61. I Wayan Muderawan Ganesha University ofEducation, Indonesia
62. Iip Izul Falah Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
63. Ima Oktaviana S. Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
64. Imam Prasetyo Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
65. Indra Cipta Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
66. Indriana Kartini Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
67. Irma KartikaKusumaningrum
Malang State University,Indonesia
68. Irmanida Batubara Bogor Agricultural University,Indonesia
The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding ISSN NO. 1410-8313Yogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
List of Participants 493Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
NO NAME INSTITUTION E-MAIL
69. Istiyono Kirnoprasetyo University of Wisnuwardhana,Indonesia
iskapras @yahoo.co.id
70. Iwan Hastiawan Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia
71. Jonah Longno-Bondoc University of the Philippines,Philippines
72. Jorion Romengga Bogor Agricultural University,Indonesia
73. Juliandri Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia
74. Jumaeri Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
75. Karna Wijaya Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
76. Kartika Sari Wijayani Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
77. Khaldun M. Al Azzam Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
78. Komeyni Rusba Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
79. L. Noumie Surugau Universiti Malaysia,Malaysia
80. Lina Mahardiani Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
81. Lutfi Suhendra Udayana University,Indonesia
82. M. Idham. D. M Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
83. M. Nasikin Universitas Indonesia,Indonesia
84. M. Z. Fanani Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
85. M.F. Fatimatuzzahraa Universiti Teknologi MARA,Malaysia
86. Maretha A Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
87. Marlina Syiah Kuala University,Indonesia
88. Maulidiyah Haluoleo University,Indonesia
89. Miratul Khasanah Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
90. Mohammad AbdulkarimTalaq
Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
91. MR Salina Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,Malaysia
92. Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf University of Malaya, Malaysia [email protected]
ISSN NO. 1410-8313 The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences ProceedingYogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
494 List of ParticipantsDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
NO NAME INSTITUTION E-MAIL
93. Muhammad Sehol Iqra University Buru – Namlea,Indonesia
94. Muhammad Syahrir Universitas Negeri Makassar,Indonesia
95. Muhayatun Santoso BATAN,Indonesia
96. N. Nurdini Universiti Teknologi MARA,Indonesia
97. Nanik Wijayati Universitas Negeri Semarang,ndonesia
98. Nia Fauziah Hardjito Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
99. Nurul Widiastuti Sepuluh Nopember Institute ofTechnology, Indonesia
100. Nuryatini Indonesian Institute ofSciences, Indonesia
101. Nuryono Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
102. Paramita R. A Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
103. Parsaoran Siahaan Diponegoro University,Indonesia
104. Ponco Iswanto Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
105. Priatmoko Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
-
106. Priscilla Lim Ming Huei Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
107. Puji Ardiningsih Tanjungpura University,Indonesia
108. Rachmat Triandi T. University of Brawijaya,Indonesia
109. Respati Tri Swasono Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
110. Retno Dwi Suyanti Universitas Medan,Indonesia
111. Rinaldi Idroes Syiah Kuala University,Indonesia
112. Riskiono Slamet State University of Jakarta,Indonesia
113. Rose Haque Universiti Sains Malaysia,Malaysia
114. Roto Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
115. Rr. Cininta DwityaParamita
Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
116. Rubia Idris Universiti Malaysia Sabah,Malaysia
The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding ISSN NO. 1410-8313Yogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
List of Participants 495Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
NO NAME INSTITUTION E-MAIL
117. S. N. A. Bakar Universiti Teknologi MARA,Malaysia
118. Safinah Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
119. S a r t o Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
120. Sazmal Effendi bin Arshad Universiti Malaysia Sabah,Malaysia
121. Shane E. Perryman andSulfikar
Universitas Negeri Makassar,Indonesia
122. Shinta Rosalia Dewi Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
123. Siswoyo University of Jember,Indonesia
124. Siti Wafiroh Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
125. Soerja Koesnarpadi University of Mulawarman,Indonesia
126. Sri Juari Santosa Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
127. Sri Retno Dwi Ariani Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
128. Sugeng Triono Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
129. Suherman Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
130. Suko Hardjono Universitas Airlangga,Indonesia
131. Sunardi Lambung Mangkurat University,Indonesia
132. Susanna Tuning S PTAPB – BATAN,Indonesia
133. Sutarno Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
134. Sutrisno Jambi University,Indonesia
135. Suyanta Yogyakarta State University,Indonesia
136. Suyanta Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
137. Syazreen Nadia Sulaiman University of Malaya,Malaysia
138. Syukria Kurniawati. Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
139. Tati Herlina Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia
140. Tigor Nauli LIPI,Indonesia
ISSN NO. 1410-8313 The 2nd International Conference on Chemical Sciences ProceedingYogyakarta, October 14-16th, 2010
496 List of ParticipantsDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
NO NAME INSTITUTION E-MAIL
141. Tri Joko Raharjo Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
142. Tri Mayanti Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia
143. Triana Kusumaningsih Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
144. Triyono Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
145. Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
146. Tutik Setianingsih Universitas Brawijaya,Indonesia
147. Uripto Trisno Santoso Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
148. Wega Trisunaryanti Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
149. Wulan Tri Wahyuni Bogor Agricultural University,Indonesia
150. Yahmin Universitas Gadjah Mada,Indonesia
151. Yusi Deawati Universitas Padjadjaran,Indonesia
The 2nd
International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding ISSN NO. 1410-8313
Yogyakarta, October 14-16th
, 2010
Shinta Rosalia Dewi, et al 111 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
REMOVAL OF AuCl4
- FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION THROUGH REDUCTIVE ADSORPTION ON PEAT SOIL HUMIN
Shinta Rosalia Dewi
1,*, Eko Sri Kunarti
1, Dwi Siswanta
1, Sri Juari Santosa
1*,
and Muefit Bahadir2
1
Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2 Institute of Ecological Chemistry and Waste Analysis Faculty of Life Sciences,
Technische Universitact Braunschweig, Germany
* Corresponding author , Tel/fax: 0816-426-2984 / 0274-545188
ABSTRACT
Removal of AuCl4
- from aqueous solution through adsorption and accompanied by
reduction on peat soil humin has been done. The effect of medium acidity on the reductive adsorption as well as the kinetics and isotherm of the reductive adsorption were studied. The reductive adsorption was optimum at pH 2 and best described by Langmuir model with the capacity of 71.43 mg/g. The reductive adsorption fit well the kinetic model of first order reaching equilibrium with first order rate constant 0.001 min
-1. Diffractogram of X-ray diffraction
(XRD) and photo-optical microscope confirmed the removal of gold as gold metal. Keywords: gold, removal, reductive adsorption, humin
INTRODUCTION
he amount of electrical and electronic wastes (printed circuit board (PCBs), phone, computer, TV) are increasing
due the increase of those electrical and electronic device production, which cause serious damage to the environment because of the hazardous content of metals such as Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Pb [1]. Meanwhile, they are also contain precious metal, such as Ag, Au and Pd [2]. The purity of precious metals in PCBs is more than 10 times higher than that of their rich–content minerals [3], whereas cellular phone contain 200 g Au per ton of its scrap [4]. The increasing demand of electrical and electronic product which have limited industrial raw materials and dangerous waste on the environment, becomes one reason for the gold recovery.
Humic substances such as humin, humic acid, and fulvic acid are relatively inexpensive and natural polymer that environmentally benign. Previous study has shown that humic acid which contains -COOH and phenolic -OH groups had the ability to remove gold ions through reductive adsorption in acid medium [5]. Humin, one fraction of humic substances also contain -COOH and -OH functional groups and capable of binding various metals such as Cs
+, Sr
+, and Gd
2+ [6].
Based on the capability of humin to adsorps metals, which due to the presence of -COOH and phenolic -OH functional group in humin, so in this study, removal of AuCl4
-
through reductive adsorption on peat soil humin was examined. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Materials
Stock of 1000 ppm gold solution were prepared by dissolving 1 g gold metal in a minimum aquaregia (HCl/HNO3) solution, and then diluted to 1 L using 0.1 mol/L HCl. HCl and NaOH were purchased from Merck and used without purification. Instrumentation
A pH meter (Horiba F-52) was used for pH measurements. Shaker (Marius Instrument) was used to shaking solution. Spectrophotometer UV-visible (Shimadzu UV-1601) was used to determine the concentration of AuCl4
- Photo-optical
microscope (Ephitot+ Nikon D60) was used to observe the gold metal obtained. X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Shimadzu 6000) was used to determine the crystalline phases of gold metal.
T
ISSN NO. 1410-8313 The 2nd
International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding
Yogyakarta, October 14-16th
, 2010
112 Shinta Rosalia Dewi, et al Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Procedure Preparation of peat soil humin
Humin was isolated from peat soil collected from South Kalimantan. Isolation of humin was based on traditional alkali extraction, with 0.1 M NaOH and purified with 0.1M HCl/0.5M HF. Reductive adsorption experiment
The batch reductive adsorption experiment were performed in Polyetilen bottles (0.010 g peat soil humin with 10 mL of gold solution of known initial concentration) shaked at desired temperature. Gold solution was adjusted to pH 1.0 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 by HCl or NaOH for the investigations of the effect of pH. Kinetics of adsorption of AuCl4
- on humin was studied at various contact
time (5 min – 25 h). Isotherm adsorption of AuCl4
- on humin was studied at various
concentration (15-400 mg/L). The AuCl4-
concentration was determined by Spectrofotometer UV-Vis, and gold metal was confirmed by XRD and photo-optical microscope. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Effect of pH
Effect of pH on the removal of AuCl4-
(Figure. 1) showed that the removal was optimum at pH 2 (acid medium). In that pH, functional groups of humin should be protonated and have positively partial charged, and species of AuCl4
- at pH 2 was dominant.
The removal of AuCl4- on humin is due to the
positively charged surface of humin and it interacts with negatively charged species of AuCl4
- by electrostatic attraction.
Figure 1. Effect of pH on the removal of AuCl4- onto
humin from aqueous solution
Kinetic adsorption The effect of contact time on the
removal of AuCl4- are shown in Figure 2. It is
clearly indicated that equilibrium was reached within 15 h contact time.
Figure 2. Effect of contact time on the removal of
AuCl4- onto humin from aqueous solution
The observed data were fitted with the first order of Santosa kinetic model, reaction is given as [7]:
where CA is the concentration of AuCl4
-
species in solution (mol/L), CA0 is initial concentration of AuCl4
- species (mol/L), t is
contact time (min), k and K are adsorption rate constant (min
-1) and adsorption equilibrium
constant (L/mol), respectively. They could be determined from slope and intercepts of linear plot of
. versus of .
A plot of as
function of as shown in Figure 3., resulted linear relationship with correlation coefficient (R
2) of 0.960. From the slope and intercept,
the value of k and K were evaluated as 0.001 min
-1 and 16,401 L/mol, respectively.
The 2nd
International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding ISSN NO. 1410-8313
Yogyakarta, October 14-16th
, 2010
Shinta Rosalia Dewi, et al 113 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Figure 3. Relationship between ln(Co/Ca)/Ca and
t/Ca
Adsorption isotherm
Figure 4. shows the removal isotherm of AuCl4
- in acid medium. The removal of AuCl4
-
increased with increasing of AuCl4- equilibrium
concentrations in low concentration regions and plateaus were observed at high concentration regions exhibiting a Langmuir type adsorption. The removal data was then fitted with the following Langmuir equation:
Ce/qe = (1/qm) Ce + (1/K.qm)
where qe is the amount adsorbed at equilibrium (mg/g) and Ce is the equilibrium concentration in solution (mg/L), qm and KL are Langmuir isotherm constant which are related to maximum adsorption capacity and equilibrium constant, respectively, were determined from slope and intercepts of linear plots of Ce/qe versus Ce.
Figure 4. Relationship between Ce/qe and Ce
As shown in Figure 4, the plot is lying on
a linear line with a correlation factor (R2) of
0.990. From the slope of this curve, the maximum loading capacity of humin for AuCl4
-
was evaluated as 71.43 mg/g while the value of KL was evaluated from the intercept as 0.068 L/mg.
XRD analyses of humin were perform after the removal of AuCl4
-. The XRD
diffractogram confirmed the formation of gold metal during the removal (Figure 5.) with sharp
peaks at 2 values of 38; 44; 64; and 77o,
that corresponding to gold metal as observed by Nakajima et al. [8].
Figure 5. X-ray diffraction pattern of humin taken
after the removal of AuCl4-
Figure 6. shows the photo-optical microscope of humin after the removal of AuCl4
-. This figure shows that the black
patches are humin, while bright patches are aggregate of gold metal as the reduction product of AuCl4
-.
Figure 6. Photo-optical microscope image of gold
aggregates formed during removal of AuCl4
- on humin (200x magnification)
ISSN NO. 1410-8313 The 2nd
International Conference on Chemical Sciences Proceeding
Yogyakarta, October 14-16th
, 2010
114 Shinta Rosalia Dewi, et al Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Thus, the removal of AuCl4-
proceeds through adsorption on humin and then followed by reduction to gold metal by phenolic -OH of humin, as presented in the following reaction:
AuCl4
- + 3Ar-OH Au
0 + 3Ar=O + 3H
+ +4Cl
-
where, Ar (aryl) is aromatic chain of humin.
CONCLUSION
Humin, one fraction of peat soil contained -COOH and phenolic -OH groups and had capability for removal of AuCl4
-
through adsorption and followed by reduction. Reductive adsorption of AuCl4
- from solution
was optimum in acid medium (pH 2). Removal of AuCl4
- on humin fitted well the first order of
Santosa kinetic model and Langmuir Isotherm with rate constant of 0.001 min
-1 and maximum
capacity of 71,43 mg/g, respectively. Reduction of AuCl4
- to gold metal occurred
because of phenolic -OH in humin was oxidated. The presence of gold metal has been shown by the appearance of four peaks
at 2 of 38; 44; 64; and 77o in the
diffractogram of XRD and by the photo-optical microscope.
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5. Ismillayli, N., 2009, Application of Rawa Pening Peat Soil Humic Acid for Reductive Adsorption of AuCl4
- in Aqueous Medium,
Thesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada. 6. Helal, A.A., Imam, D.M., and Aly, H.F.,
1998, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Cgem., 1-2 (237), 7-10.
7. Santosa, S.J., Siswanta, D., Kurniawan, A., and Rahmanto, W.H., 2007, Surf. Sci., 601, 5155-5161.
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