edzard schultz - the architecture of hospitals: high-end medical institutions

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THE ARCHITECTURE OF HOSPITALS High-end medical institutions Dipl.-Ing. Edzard Schultz

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Page 1: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

THE ARCHITECTURE OF HOSPITALSHigh-end medical institutions

Dipl.-Ing. Edzard Schultz

Page 2: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

Page 3: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzMilet

Page 4: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

structure setting

Page 5: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

STRUCTURE

Dipl.-Ing. Edzard Schultz

Page 6: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

snail cheetah

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Edzard Schultz

construction medicine

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Edzard Schultz

The genetics of complex systems – like hospitals – consist also of universal structures. To understand them helps to:- identify general principles- makeflexibilityandelasticitypossibledespitethe“inertia”ofbuilding- open up future options through structural openness

Itisessentialtoshiftfrom“customizedroomprograms”to“modularprograms”.Opportunities arise in:- the use, e.g. interdisciplinary units with modular examination rooms- the spaces with high maintenance installation, e.g. OR and ITS or the utility vaults- thetrafficelements,e.g.trafficknotswithelevators,stairsand supply systems

Structure

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Edzard Schultz

Modular function program...

Heinle Wischer Gesellschaft für Generalplanung mbH

Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe Zielplanung 5. Bedarfsprogramm Teilprojekt Institutszentrum

86

6. Funktionsprogramm

Modulraumprogramm Institutszentrum 7. Kernraumkapazitäten

Der Raumbedarf orientiert sich neben den benannten Leistungszahlen an den

folgenden Kapazitätsvorgaben: Allgemein: - Personalbestand z. Z. 153 Vollarbeitskräfte sowie 22 Personen im studentischen Dienst. (Anteil weiblich ¾ und männlich ¼ ) - Büroarbeitsplätze 93 Labormedizin - Berücksichtigung Automatisierungsgrad Apotheke - Berücksichtigung Automatisierungsgrad Pathologie - zunehmende Automatisierung - besondere Nutzung der Arztzimmer (Befundung) Lager - Lagerkonzept

modulares Funktionsprogramm

BE_LPmodulares Funktionsprogramm

o.M

Gesamtcampus

Phase 1

Auftragnehmer

Planungsphase

Planinhalt

Bereich

Projekt

Status Datum

Plan-Code

Maßstab FormatDatei-Nr. Gefertigt Geprüft

Klinikum der Universität MünchenCampus GroßhadernBauliche Gesamtkonzeption

Heinle, Wischer und PartnerFreie Architekten GbRGutenbergstraßße 410587 Berlin

Telefon: +49 30 399920-0Telefax: +49 30 3935000E-Mail: [email protected]: www.heinlewischerpartner.de

Staatliches Bauamt München 2Marchioninistraße 15b81377 München

Telefon: +49 89 7095-7951Telefax: +49 89 7095-8878E-Mail: [email protected]: www.stbam2.bayern.de

Fachplaner

Auftraggeber

23.03.2016

sb es139_BE_LP 900x598

6.2

Heinle Wischer Gesellschaft für Generalplanung mbH

Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe Zielplanung 5. Bedarfsprogramm Teilprojekt OP-Bereich

50

6. Funktionsprogramm

Raumgruppen: - Richtzone (Sterilgutlager, sterile Richtzone) - OP-Säle - Arbeitszone (Einleitung, Waschen, Diktat, Geräte) - zentrale Räume (Büro, Aufenthalt) - Schleusen (Patienten, Güter, Personal) - Prä-/Postoperativ Patientenholding (Perianästhesiologische Station,

Aufwachbereich, Leitstelle)

Heinle Wischer Gesellschaft für Generalplanung mbH

Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe Zielplanung 5. Bedarfsprogramm Teilprojekt Pflege

36

6. Funktionsprogramm 6.1 Allgemeinpflege

7. Kernraumkapazitäten

Die notwendige Bettenzahl ergibt sich aus dem Krankenhausbedarfsplan und beträgt

derzeit 1.515 Betten. Die Bettenzahl der Kliniken für Psychiatrie und Psychosomatik (197 Betten) bleiben

durch die Unterbringung am Außenstandort unberücksichtigt. Ebenfalls unberücksichtigt bleiben die Betten der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie (18 Betten), ehemals Haus X, die an den Außenstandort verlagert werden. Es bleiben 1.300 Betten am Standort.

Für den Standort ergeben sich folgende Betten: Allgemeinpflege/ IMC 1.195 Betten ITS 105 Betten

Auf der Grundlage der funktionellen Forderungen wurden die bestehenden

Pflegebereiche überprüft und Ziel-Bettenzahlen für jede Bestandsstation definiert (s. Punkt 10). Er ergibt sich ein Neubaubedarf von

Allgemeinpflege/ IMC 6x 48 = 288 Betten ITS 4x 20 = 60 Betten 368 Betten

2.01 Allgemeinpflege

1.09 Operation

6.00 Institutszentrum

modulares Funktionsprogramm (Beispiele)

OR OROROROR

OR OROR

PLUGGED

CORE

PLUGGED

OROR

... transformed to a modular structure

Page 10: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

Page 11: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzModular organization

Grid Modules Knots

Typology Main Courts Landscape Architecture

extierior substraction surroundingtypology

Page 12: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzSix„AllIndiaInstitutesofMedicalSciences“

Page 13: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzGeneralHospitals,Venezuela

Page 14: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

3

1

4

2

modules connected sheltered filled assembled

Modular structure

Page 15: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzSynergies and elasticity - Institutional versus individual

centreA

centre B

centre C

centre D

centre ...

logistics and technics

drop-off, walk-in clinic, diagnostic

intervention

inpatient stay

Page 16: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzFlexibilityandelasticity

25,6

0 m

12,80 m

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8 25,6

0 m

12,80 m

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

12,80 m

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

modular structures variableuse elastic extension

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

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Edzard Schultz

+4+3

+2+1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

vacant lot vacant storey vacant room

Unobstructedspaces

Page 18: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzFree manoeuvring

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Edzard Schultz

SETTING

Dipl.-Ing. Edzard Schultz

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Edzard Schultz

Surroundings- urban/ruralcontext- periphery/transitzones- history/tradition

Topography- hights- site- open spaces

Connection- of services- of information- of economy

Orientation- circulationandaccessibility- internal net- articulation

Climate- temperature- wind- humidity

Thespecificsoftheplace

Page 21: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

outside the city as a city within the city as part of the city

?

Development

net

greenfield the machine the solitaire the urban element

chip of the whole

?

Page 22: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzDrop-off

Page 23: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzSpheres

Info Orientation Safety Action

Page 24: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzExisting Structures

Page 25: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzReality

Page 26: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzFor example: Daylight

Page 27: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzResearch: quality of work environments

Matern et al., „Working conditions and Safety in the Operating Room" DeutschesÄrzteblatt(GermanMedicalJournal)2006(103):3187-92

OR areas where ergonomic improvements are urgently desired

OR with window and view outsideair condition

cablesandtubing

OR lighting

use of devices

ORtablesandsteps

positioning materials

ceiling supply units

monitors

manual instruments and handles

pedals

ORclothes/shoes

instrumenttables

instrument trays

100%0 60% 80%40%20%

84%92%

nursesurgeon

Page 28: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzDaylight

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Edzard Schultz

DAYLIGHT

REGULATE CIRCADIANRHYTHM

REDUCE STRESS

AVOIDFATIGUE

IMPROVETHE RECOVERY PROCESS

INCREASE CONCENTRATION

IMPROVEPERFORMANCE

REDUCE MEDICAL ERRORS

OPTIMIZE ACCESS AND WAYFINDING

REDUCE PAINREDUCE DEPRESSION

INCREASE MOOD/SATISFACTION

Daylight linked to outcomes

POSITIVE HEALTH OUTCOMES

SAFETYPRODUCTIVITY

POSITIVE EXPERIENCE/SATISFIED OCCUPANTS

Page 30: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

Mroczek, J. et al. 2005REGULATE CIRCADIANRHYTHM

REDUCE STRESS

Scott, H. 2004

Leather, P. et al., 1998

Alimoglu, M.K. et al., 2005

Kueller, R., et al. 2006

Figueiro, M.G. et al., 2002

Buchanan, T. L., et al. 1991

Walch, J.M., et al., 2005

Beauchemin, K..M. et al., 1996

Beauchemin, K..M. et al., 1998

Benedetti, F., et al., 2001

Lewy, A. J., et Al., 1998 Wallace-Guy, G., et al., 2002

Oren, D.A., et al., 2002

Terman, J.S. et al., 2001

AVOIDFATIGUE

IMPROVETHE RECOVERY PROCESS

INCREASE MOOD/SATISFACTION

INCREASE CONCENTRATION

IMPROVEPERFORMANCE

Boyce, P. , Rea, M.S. 2001

Windows and Offices: A Study of Office Worker Performance and the Indoor Environment

Heschong, L. et al. 2003

Heschong, L. et al. 2003 Windows and Classrooms:A Study of Student Performanceand the Indoor Environment

REDUCE MEDICAL ERRORS

Hospital design and staff perceptions

Working environments havea direct impact on care

The impact of light and colour on psychological mood

Daylight and productivity - a possible link to circadian regulation

Illumination and errors in

The effect of sunlight on post opera-tive analgesic medication usage

Daylight exposure and the other predictors of burnout among nurses in a university hospital

Windows in the workplace: Sunlight, view, and occupational stress

Sunny hospital rooms expedite recovery from severe and refractory depressions

Dying in the dark: Sunshine, gender and outcomes in myocardial infarction

Morning sunlight reduces length of hospitalization in bipolar depression

Morning vs. evening light treatment of patients with winter depression

An open trial of morning light therapy for treatment of antepartum depression

Evening light exposure: Implications for sleep and depression

Circadian time of morning light administration and therapeutic response in winter depression.

Lighting and human performance

REDUCE PAINREDUCE DEPRESSION

Daylight and productivity - a possible link to circadian regulation

Figueiro, M. G., et al., 2002

Malenbaum, S., et al., 2008Pain in its environmental con-

Harris, P.B. et al. 2002A place to heal: Environmental sources of satisfaction among hospital patients.

Kim, J.J. et al. 2005Are Windows and Views Really Better?

Figueiro, M.G. et al. 2002Daylight and productivity - a possible link to circadian regulation

Heerwagen, J.H.1998Design, Productivity and Well Being: What are the links?

DAYLIGHT

Daylight linked to research

POSITIVE HEALTH OUTCOMES

SAFETYPRODUCTIVITY

POSITIVE EXPERIENCE/SATISFIED OCCUPANTS

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Edzard Schultz

Home | 1 Prolog | 2 Der Bestand | 3 Das Programm | 4 Die drei Szenarien | 5 Ergebnis

Klinikum der Universität München - Campus GroßhadernZielplanungPäsentation am 18. September 2013

Heinle, Wischer und PartnerFreie Architekten

26

2 Bestandsbewertung (Analyse) Krankenhaus als zukunftsfähige Struktur (Idealtyp)

flexibel (Neutralstruktur)

elastisch (betriebliche Anpassungen)

modular (wandelbar/teilbar)

erweiterbar (nicht final)

Verknüpfungen (funktionell)

menschlich !

A B C

Struktur- Leitgedanken

BE_LPLeitgedanken

o.M

Gesamtcampus

Phase 1

Auftragnehmer

Planungsphase

Planinhalt

Bereich

Projekt

Status Datum

Plan-Code

Maßstab FormatDatei-Nr. Gefertigt Geprüft

Klinikum der Universität MünchenCampus GroßhadernBauliche Gesamtkonzeption

Heinle, Wischer und PartnerFreie Architekten GbRGutenbergstraßße 410587 Berlin

Telefon: +49 30 399920-0Telefax: +49 30 3935000E-Mail: [email protected]: www.heinlewischerpartner.de

Staatliches Bauamt München 2Marchioninistraße 15b81377 München

Telefon: +49 89 7095-7951Telefax: +49 89 7095-8878E-Mail: [email protected]: www.stbam2.bayern.de

Fachplaner

Auftraggeber

23.03.2016

sb es139_BE_LP 900x598

6.1

Struktur - Leitgedanken

modular(convertible/separable)

flexible(neutralstructure)

elastic(operationaladjustments)

extendible(notfinal)

links(functional)

humane!

Masterplanning for huge structures

Page 32: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

INV HAN

VER

FOR HHKHUH

UPR

RKP

WES

OST

MITPOR

ABZ

Mittelallee

SÜD

FEM-Tierhaltung

Experimentaltierhaltung

Park

FEM

RRI

P3 P6 P2 P7 P2 P3

P1

P1

P4

P3

P5 P6

P2P3

P2

P1 P4

P5P6

P7

P8

P3 P6

P1P4

P5

P2 P7

P8

concept

capacity

infrastructure

potential

space

projects

Site I Site II Site III Site IV

MasterPlan PI

Master Plan PII

MasterPlan PIII

MasterPlan PVI

strategy

area calculation

efficiency

need for action

projectlist

vision

Overall Strategy

Page 33: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

Institution PopulationIsolation Cooperation, networkingInpatient OutpatientRoom program Modular structuresDisciplines(“kingdoms”) Patientflow(interdisciplinary)Investment Lifecycle costDark Light(orientation,daylight)Analogue Digital“Closingtime” ShiftworkTechnocracy Creativity

Change of paradigm

Page 34: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzUniversity Hospital Essen, Paediatric Clinic

Page 35: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzRooming-in concept

Page 36: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard Schultz

"The Geographer"JohannesVermeer,1669

Page 37: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzIt doesn't matter!?

Page 38: Edzard Schultz - The Architecture of Hospitals: High-end Medical Institutions

Edzard SchultzHeinle, Wischer und PartnerFreie Architekten

EdzardSchultz

Heinle, Wischer und PartnerFreie Architekten

[email protected]