EERO SAARINENArchitect and Industrial Designer

GOUTHAM NAIK

CONTENTINTRODUCTION BACKGROUND

EARLY LIFE

HIS CAREER

INSPIRATION & INFLUENCE

IDEOLOGY & TYPOLOGY

QUOTES & AWARDS

CONCLUSION

BIBILOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION▪ Eero Saarinen was a Finnish American

architect and industrial designer of the 20th century

▪ He was born on 20th of august, 1910, Finland and passed away on 1st September of 1961, united states.

Famous for shaping his neofuturistic style according to the demands of the project

In 1934, Saarinen graduated from the school of architecture at yale university.

He was taught that each object should be designed in its “next largest context” - a chair in a room , a room in a house , a house in an environment , environment in a cityplan

BACKGROUND

▪ His father, Eliel Saarinen, was an architect and his mother, Louise gesellius, a sculptor

▪ In 1923 the sarrinen’s family emigrated to U.S

▪ Eero studied sculpture at the academie de la grande chauiere before studying architecture at yale university

▪ A yale scholarship enabled eero to travel to Europe again but he returned to the US in 1936 to work in his father’s architectural practice.

EARLY CAREER▪ Eero Saarinen also took up a teaching appointment at the crankbrook

academy in which his father eliel Saarinen had been head

▪ When his father died in 1950, he took over his practice , running it as “SAARINEN & ASSOCIATES” in brimingham

▪ Experimenting with Charles eames he developed new furniture forms

▪ Later Saarinen and eames took part in the “organic design in home furnishings” competition

▪ Later he developed many good furniture designs like single legged “tulip chair” which became very popular

CAREER▪ He moved on to the building designs from the chair designs.

▪ His architectural ,masterpiece is the signature TWA-Terminal at J.F.Kennedy airport

▪ Dulles international airport was designed his career before his death.

INSPIRATIONS & INFLUENCES: Eero Saarinen’s father being an architect

inspired him towards architecture and had influenced a lot

IDEOLOGY

▪ Eero Saarinen believed “Always design a thing by considering it in its next larger context a chair in a room , a room in a house, a house in an environment, an environment in a city plan

VIEW ON MODERNISM:

As an architect, Saarinen became the leader of the 2nd generation of modernists.

He built on his predecessors work using new construction technology to create

modern architectural forms, but disparaged the simple, abstract compositions of early modernism

He refused to develop singular style , preffering to flex the designs to the needs of the clients

TYPOLOGY ▪ He designs buildings in a irregular manner

▪ Uses concrete as major building material

“The purpose of architecture is to shelter and enhance man’s life on earth and to fulfill his belief in the nobility of his existence.”

QUOTES BY EERO SAARINEN:

EERO SAARINEN’S PROJECTS▪ Crank brook school for boys furnishings , blooms field hills

▪ Saarinen house furnishings , Bloomfield hills

▪ Kingswood school for girls furnishings , Bloomfield hills

▪ Hvittrask studio and home , kirkkonummi , Michigan

▪ Swedish theatre , Helsinki , Finland

▪ Fenton community center , Fenton

▪ J.F spencer house , Grosse pointe Farms

▪ Klein Hans’s music hall, buffalo, New York.

▪ Crow island school, Winnetka , Illinois

EERO SAARINEN’S PROJECTS

▪ Berkshire music center buildings , Lenox , Massachusetts

▪ Eero Saarinen house , Bloomfield hills

▪ General motors technical center , warren , Michigan

▪ University of Michigan , school of music , Ann arbor

▪ IBM manufacturing & training facility, Rochester Minnesota.

▪ TWA terminal , new York city

▪ Hill college house , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania

▪ Dulles international airport , Chantilly

▪ Athens airport, Athens, Greece

CASE STUDIES

▪ Project Information Location: New York

Architect: Eero Saarinen, along with Kevin Roche,

Cesar Pelli, Edward Saad, & Norman Pettula

Completion: 28 May 1962

Client: Ralph Dawson, Trans World Airlines at JFK International Airport.

TWA TERMINAL

DESIGN: design was creating a smooth passage through the terminal

Final solution consisted of creating 4 adjacent shells counterbalancing each other

Final scheme used 3 different sized configurations of curved, diamond shaped shells supported by 4 curvilinear shaped columns

But coincidentally the structure’s design looked like a bird ready to take off or landing

NORTH CHRISTIAN CHURCH

▪ Project information: Location : Columbus , Indiana

Architect: Eero Saarinen

Date : 1959 to 1963

Building Type : Church

This was the last building designed by eero saarinen before his death

DESIGN The building is hexagonal in shape , with central

spire which is 59 m high

The sanctuary is located at the centre of the building ,with a altar

located at the centre of the sanctuary

▪ The sanctuary is located at the centre of the building ,

with a altar located at the centre of the sanctuary

GATEWAY ARCH :

Project Information Location: , St. Louis, United States

Architect: Eero Saarinen,

Completion: 28 May 1962

project time period : February 12, 1963 to October 28, 1965

DESIGN

▪ The Arch: The St. Louis Gateway Arch is in the form of an inverted catenary, which is a very stable structure that is often used in bridges,domes, and arches.

▪ the pioneer spirit of the men and women

BOOKS

Saarinen and his firm won the competition in 1956 to design a terminal that captured “the spirit of flight”

AWARDS

Eero Saarinen on His Work , written by eero Saarinen

Eero Saarinen , shaping the future

CONCLUSION▪ Eero builts

▪ There were many critics to eero Saarinen in the beginning but later people adapted his neo futuristic style of architecture

▪ His legacy continued even after his death

BIBILOGRAPHY▪ Richard Guy Wilson, (2000). “America's Castles”, Newspaper Moguls, the American

Swedish Institute, Pittock Mansion.

▪ Roman Antonio (2003), “Eero Saarinen”, Princeton Architectural Press, New York.

▪ Serraino Pierluigi (2006). “Saarinen, a Structural Expressionist”, Taschen, Koln.

▪ Merkel Jayne, (2005), “Eero Saarinen”. Phaidon Press, London.

▪ Pelkonen, Eeva-Liisa (2006). “Eero Saarinen”. Yale University Press, New Haven.

▪ Saarinen Aline B, (1968). “Eero Saarinen on his work”. Yale University Press, New Haven

▪ Knight Richard (2008). “Saarinen's Quest, a Memoir”, William Stout Publishers, San Francisco.

▪ Eero Saarinen (1968),”eero Saarinen on his works”, Yale University press, new haven.

▪ Donald Albrecht (2011),”Eero Saarinen, Shaping the future”, Yale university press, New haven.