eferences - springer978-1-4757-4978-6/1.pdf · anderson, . ., obbins, a., kubo, a. 1978: a...
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Blair, N. E., 104
Blakeman, �., 2
Blasco, D., 50
Blatt, D. . E., 334, 335
Bliss, C. I., 268
Boardman, D. C., 280, 281
Boersma, L., 106
Boicourt, . C., 88
Boll, �., 105
Bond, . �., 80
Boss, E., 121
Bossert, . H., 107, 112, 113, 114
Bouche, M. B., 104
Boudreau, B. P., 61, 62, 92, 104, 105, 106
Bouskila, A., 219
Bowden, �. F., 29, 30, 89, 274
Bowles, P., 20, 29
Boyd, A. �., 220
Boyd, C. M., 279
Boynton, . �., 52
Bradford, E., 313
Bradley, E. F., 36
Bradley, . H., 65
Bradshaw, G. A., 269
Bray, D. �., 204, 206, 207
Brazeau, D., 86
Bredehoeft, �., 106
Breder, C. M., 210, 222
Brenowitz, A. H., 72
Bretz, . L., 93, 95
Bridgman, P. ., 271
Broadbent, S. �., 185
Broadwater, S. A., 208
Brock, �. E., 224
Broecker, . S., 47, 52
Broenkow, . ., 48
Brooker, L., 263
Brooker, M., 263
Brooks, N. H., 59
Brown, A. L., 91
Brown, D., 196
Brown, �., 88, 89
Brown, �. H., 261
Brown, L. E., 238
Brown, �. B., 124, 125, 126
Brown, �., 144
Brown, S., 293
Brownlee, �., 2
Brundige, G. C., 261
Brunet, �., 34, 35, 36, 38
Bryant, L. D., 258
Bryson, �. A., 286
Brzezinski, M., 291
Brzezinski, M. A., 54
Buat-Menard, P., 79
Buchmann, S., 80, 81
Buchmann, S. L., 81
Bull, G. D., 14, 86, 87
Bunday, B. D., 221
Bundock, E. A., 209
Bunnell, F. L., 239, 264
Burd, A. B., 55, 66, 156
Burns, �. H., 20, 29
Burrows, F. M., 71
Burt, . H., 239
Buskey, E. �., 208
Butman, C. A., 60
Cade, B. S., 263
Cain, M., 194
Calder, �. L., 26
Calderon, �., 86
Cale, P., 263
Cambalik, �. �., 65
Campbell, G. S., 33, 34
Campbell, �. A., 90
Canham, C. ., 9
Canino, M. F., 91
Cannings, C., 223
Cantrell, �. S., 265
Caponi, E. A., 282
444 Author Inde�
Carleton, �. H., 208
Carlson, D. �., 55
Carlton, �. T., 88
Carmi, S., 324
Carpenter, �. H., 20
Carpenter, S. �., 51
Carr, A., 115, 118, 165, 166, 167, 168
Carscaddia, �. E., 88
Carsel, �. F., 106
Carslaw, H. S., 15, 99, 108, 187, 305, 307, 323
Carter, H. H., 20
Carter, �., 262
Cassie, �. M., 3, 269
Caughey, T. �., 151
Challenor, P. G., 57
Chan, A. M., 294
Chandrasekhar, S., 149, 288, 289
Chang, P., 86
Chapman, S., 139
Charbeneau, �. �., 105
Charlesworth, D., 80
Charlton, T., 293
Charters, A. C., 46
Chatwin, P. C., 26
Checkley, D. M., �r., 65
Chen, L., 79
Cheng, L., 89
Chesson, P., 9
Chiang, C., 205, 208
Chiang, H. C., viii, 182, 204, 205, 206, 207
Childress, S., 26, 289
Childress, . S., 288, 289
Chin, . C., 294
Choat, �. H., 288
Chow, P. L., 324, 326, 327, 328
Christensen, �. P., 104
Church, �. A., 88
Church, T., 79
Church, T. M., 79
Churchill, A. C., 72
Churchill, �. H., 62
Cionco, �. M., 34, 36
Clark, C. ., 224
Clark, D. P., 174, 179
Clark, . C., 315
Clarke, �. H., 78
Cleland, M. A., 82, 83
Click, P. A., 172
Cloern, �. E., 60
Close, �. C., 79
Clutter, �. I., 211
Coale, S. L., 54, 55
Cobb, �. S., 287
Cochran, . ., 242
Co¤roth, M. A., 86
Cohen, S. �., 106
Cohen, �., 259
Coleman, P. �., 118
Colin, P. L., 87
Colin, S. P., 121, 124
Collett, T. S., 205
Collis-George, N., 26
Coma, �., 59, 86
Comins, H. N., 334, 335
Comins, M. N., 269
Comiskey, E. �., 260, 262
Confer, D. �., 291, 293
Conway, E., 325, 362
Conway, G. �., 6
Cook, C. D. �., 2, 72, 82
Cook, S. M. F., 104
Cooper, . E., 23804
Cooter, �. �., 202
Corrsin, S., 4, 24, 25
Corsi, F., 259
Cosner, C., 265
Costello, D. �., 55
Cottingham, �. L., 51
Cottrell, M. T., 294
Coughenour, M. B., 266
Coutts, M. P., 36
Cowen, �. P., 55
Co�, �., 263
Co�, P. A., 14, 82
Craig, H., 52
Craigie, �. H., 78
Crane, P. �., 80
Crank, �., 301
Crawford, C. S., 265
Crenshaw, H., 120
Cresswell, ., 225
Crisp, D. �., 289
Crowley, �. M., 65
Cruse, �. F., 106
Cruz �rive, L. M., 223
Csanady, G. T., 16, 27, 29, 115
Cucci, T. L., 54
Culverymszma, �., 291
Cyr, S., 89
Czihak, G., 86
Dahlgren, �. B., 95
Dahmen, H. �., 204
Dairiki, G., 88, 269
Dallavalle, �. M., 63
Dam, H. G., 55, 56
Dame, �. F., 59, 60
Damman, H., 194
Author Inde� 445
Daniel, D. E., 105
Daniel, T., 41
Danielsen, E. F., 79
Danielson, B. �., 262
Danielssen, D. S., 88
Darwin, C., 104
Davenport, D., 157, 158
David, C. T., 202
Davies, �. C., 96
Davies, P. A., 130
Davis, C. S., 121
Davis, F. ., 269
Davis, H. T., 256
Dawes, C. �., 41
Dawson, F. H., 42
Deacon, E. L., 26
Dean, �. D., 106
Dean, �. P., 280, 281
DeAngelis, D. L., 260, 262, 264
DeGrandpre, M. D., 52
Deibel, D., 59, 64
Deirmend ian, D., 78
Demaster, D. �., 104
Demers, S., 53
Deming, �. ., 293
Dengler, A. T., 50
Den Hartog, C., 41, 82, 83
den Hartog, G., 34, 36
Denman, �. L., 29, 276, 278, 279, 294, 300,
314, 372
Denn, M. M., 298
Dennett, M., 291
Denny, M. ., 39, 41, 85, 86
Dentener, F., 79
Denys, �., 293
Deuser, . G., 124, 125, 126
De�ol, A. H., 104
Diamond, �. M., 316
Dickey, T. D., 47, 57, 58, 124
Dickey-Collas, M., 88, 89
Dillon, T. M., 278
Di�on, P., 86
Doall, M. H., 121, 124
Dobzhansky, T., 3, 174, 176, 178
Dodd, C. �., �r., 263
Doney, S. C., 51
Doucet, P. G., 152
Downes, �. A., 204, 205
Dozier, B. �., 278
Drapeau, D. T., 55, 56
Draper, �., 202
Droppo, L. G., 55, 56
Drost, N. �., 152
Druehl, L. D., 46, 47
Duarte, C. M., 273, 274, 279
Dubois, D. M., 300, 328
Duce, �. A., 79
Ducker, S., 83
Ducklow, H. ., 51
Du¤y, . E., 262
Dugdale, �. C., 50, 51
Dunbar, D. S., 29
Dunbar, S. �., 137, 161
Dunn, �. E., 242
Dunning, �. B., �r., 262
Durrett, �., 9, 15
Dusenbery, D. B., 120, 121
Du Toit, �. T., 96
Dworschak, P. C., 101
Eaton, �. �., 23
Ebbesmeyer, C. C., 205, 208
Edelstein-�eshet, L., 202, 211, 232
Edwards, �. ., 286
Ehleringer, �., 38
Ehrenfeld, D. ., 165, 166, 167, 168
Eichorn, S. E., 71
Einstein, A., 144
Ellington, C. P., 93, 96
Elliott, �. P., 257, 258
Ellis, ., 79
Elskens, M., 51
Elton, C. S., 191
Emerson, S., 52, 104
Emlet, �. B., 88
En�eld, C. G., 106
Epel, D., 85
Eppley, �. ., 286
Epstein, A. ., 121
Esaias, . E., 279, 280
Esais, . E., 124, 125, 126
Esteve, I., 293
Evans, G. T., 51, 282, 315, 316, 355
Evans, �. H., 124, 125, 126
Evert, �. F., 71
Fabricus, �., 60
Fadlallah, �. H., 86
Faegri, �., 79, 80, 82
Fagan, ., 179
Faganeli, �., 54, 55
Falkowski, P. G., 42, 47
Faller, A. �., 274, 282
Farkas, S. �., 114
Farmer, . �., 106
Farnsworth, �. D., 266
Farr, �. A., 263
Fasham, M. �. �., 51, 279, 280
446 Author Inde�
Fauchald, P., 267
Fedoryako, B. I., 287
Feldman, G. C., 124, 125, 126
Fenchel, T., 104, 120, 274, 279, 292, 293, 294
Fernand, L., 88, 89
Fessas, �. P., 65
Fielding, G. T., 221
Fields, D. M., 123
Fife, P. C., 301, 306, 310, 362
Finch, S., 174
Findholt, S. L., 258
Findley, �. S., 186, 190
Finn, �. T., 262
Finnigan, �., 32
Finnigan, �. �., 33, 34, 35, 36, 38
Fischer, H. B., 29, 30, 59
Fisher, �. S., 42
Fisher, �. A., 2, 306, 308
Fitzwater, S. E., 79
Flannigan, D. T., 55, 56
Fleming, D. M., 260, 262
Fleming, �. H., 115
Flierl, G., 14, 229, 232
Flohn, H., 78
Focht, D. D., 106
Foda, M. A., 78, 79
Foin, T. C., 51
Follett, �. F., 106
Fong, P., 51
Fonseca, M. S., 42
Forbes, A. M. G., 88
Forbes, T. L., 104
Forbes, �. E., 104
Forgacs, �. L., 83
Fossing, H., 102
Fowler, S. ., 54, 63
Fraenkel, G. S., 132
France, �. L., 46
Francis, E. A., 280, 281
Frank, �. T., 88
Franson, S. E., 69
Fre chette, M., 60
Freed, �. H., 106
French, N. �., 250
Frenkiel, F. N., 20, 26, 27, 227
Fretwell, S. C., 59
Frontier, S., 54
Fuhrman, �. A., 57, 279, 290, 294
Fu imoto, M., 88, 89
Fu ita, �., 53
Fukuda, M., 54
Fulton, �. D., 314
Furusawa, �., 257
Furuya, �., 54
Gaines, S., 88
Gallager, S. M., 121
Galloway, �. N., 79
Gallucci, �. F., 296
Galton, F., 222
Gambi, M. C., 42
Ganf, G., 64
Garcia, C. M., 55
Garcia, M., 42
Garc# a-Moliner, G., 269
Garcon, �., 47
Gardner, G. B., 291
Gardner, L. �., 104
Gardner, . D., 62
Garrott, �. A., 258
Garvine, �. ., 88, 89
Gary, N. E., 248
Garza, D. �., 294
Gaston, �. �., 261
Gauzens, A. L., 53, 54
Gaylord, B., 41
Geers, �., 258
Genin, A., 60
George, D. G., 286
Georgii, B., 264
Gerard, �., 282
Geron, C. D., 38
Geyer, . G., 60
Geyer, . �., 60
Ghodrati, M., 105
Gibson, G., 204
Gi¤ord, F., 20, 117
Gilbert, . M., 240
Gili, �. M., 59
Gillies, M. T., 114, 174
Gillis, �., 241
Gilmartin, M., 54
Gipson, P. S., 242
Gitzen, �. A., 261
Glansdor¤, P., 298
Glass, �. �., 106
Glover, D. M., 51
Glover, �. M., 203
Gmitro, �. I., 357
Godden, D. A., 278
Godson, . L., 70, 71
Goedseels, �., 258
Goel, N. S., 1, 150
Goeyens, L., 51
Goldman, C. �., 29
Goldstein, S., 134, 136
Gonzalez, �. M., 294
Good, A. G., 208
Gopalsamy, �., 323, 344, 345, 365, 367, 368
Author Inde� 447
Gordon, A. L., 47, 282
Gordon, �. M., 79
Gosz, �. �., 265
Gotschalk, C. C., 57, 58, 59
Govoni, �. �., 272
Grace, �., 32, 33, 36
Graf, G., 61
Granata, T. C., 57, 58, 124
Gray, A. H., 151
Greenberg, �. M., 76
Greene, C. H., 269
Greene, D. F., 67, 70
Greenwood, �. �. D., 261
Greenwood, P. �., 259
Gregory, P. H., 3, 64, 67, 73
Greig-Smith, P., 246
Grewecke, M., 202
Gri�n, D. �., 189
Grill, E. �., 48, 49
Grimes, C. B., 102, 272
Grimm, �., 262
Grindrod, P., 156, 347
Grizzle, �. E., 43
Gronell, A. M., 87
Grooms, T., 104
Groot, C., 87
Gross, �. E., 266
Gross, L. �., 260, 262
Grossat, H. P., 55
Gru�nbaum, D., 14, 143, 161, 162, 197, 202,
211, 226, 229, 232, 234, 235, 236, 266
Guenther, A. B., 38
Gueron, S., 221, 229, 230, 235
Gulbransen, T., 287
Gunn, B. H., 69
Gunn, D. L., 132
Guo, �. H., 82
Gurney, . S. C., 140, 300, 316, 337, 339,
340, 341, 342
Gurtin, M. E., 140, 300, 334, 337, 339, 365,
366, 368
Gust, G., 43
Gyllenberg, M., 9
Haas, C. A., 263
Hadeler, �. P., 306, 323
Hagley, C. A., 46
Haken, H., 214
Hall, �. L., 138
Halloway, C. F., 55
Haltiner, G. H., 26
Hamblin, P. F., 59, 60
Hamilton, . D., 222, 223
Hamilton, . �., 240
Hammar, T. �., 52
Hamner, P., 107, 121
Hamner, . M., 107, 121, 208, 280, 282
Hangartner, ., 114
Hannon, S. �., 263
Hansen, �. L. S., 54, 55
Hansen, L., 79
Hanski, I., 9
Hansteen, T. L., 261
Haque, �., 106
Harder, L. D., 80
Hardy, �. �., 203
Harestad, A. S., 239, 264
Harger, B. . ., 46
Harper, �. L., 71, 72
Harris, �. S., 238
Harris, L. �., 51
Harrison, P. �., 46, 47
Harrison, P. L., 14, 86, 87
Harrison, . G., 50, 51
Hartless, C. S., 259
Hartway, C., 264
Harvey, B. C., 262
Harvey, D. T., 104
Harvey, P. H., 261
Hashimoto, H., 336
Hassan, E., 173, 174
Hassell, M. P., 269, 294
Hastings, A. M., 9
Hasumoto, H., 53
Hauri, I. �., 280
Haury, L. �., 269
Hawkes, C., 173
Hawley, �. E., 48
Hayes, �. �., 67, 73, 74
Hayward, T., 52
Heaney, S. I., 286
Heany, S. I., 53
Hebert, D., 50, 51
Hebert, P. D. N., 208
Heggie, D., 52, 104
Heiser, C. B., �r., 32
Hellgren, E. C., 264
Helmuth, B., 41
Hemleben, C., 124
Heppner, F. H., 240
Herman, A. ., 54
Hewitt, G., 174, 176, 179, 182
Heywood, A. �., 86
Hicks, B. B., 79
Hida, T., 144, 297
Hill, A. E., 88, 89, 90
Hill, A. �., 257
Hill, C. �., 89, 263
448 Author Inde�
Hill, �. C., 300
Hill, P. S., 57, 58
Hillier, . �., 57
Hills, �. G., 105
Hinckley, S., 88
Hinze, �. �., 33, 198
Hirano, T., 88, 89
Hobbs, �. �., 263
Hock, �. �., 189
Ho¤, D., 325, 362
Ho¤man, �. S., 238
Holen, �. �., 60
Holgate, P., 220, 240
Holling, C. S., 257, 258, 314, 315, 354
Holmes, E., 136, 180, 195, 308
Holmes, �. ., 105
Holmquist, �. G., 46
Holtz, D., 106
Hon o, S., 64
Hoppensteadt, F., 310
Horenstein, ., 185
Hori, �., 148
Horibe, �., 34, 36
Horie, T., 38
Horsburgh, �. �., 88, 89
Horwood, �. ., 279
Hoskin, C. M., 52
Hoven, H., 43
Howard, L. N., 332
Howland, H. C., 255, 256, 257
Hsieh, C. I., 38
Huang, . ., 79
Hudson, D. B., 105
Hudswell, F., 20, 29
Humphrey, S. �., 192
Hundertmark, �. �., 259
Hunter, C. L., 86
Hunter, �. �., 209, 212
Hunter, S. H., 288, 289
Hurd, C. H., 46
Hurd, C. L., 46, 47
Hurlbert, S. H., 268
Huth, A., 219
Hutson, �. L., 106
Huyakorn, P. S., 105
Ikawa, T., 89
Iles, T. D., 88, 89
Ilse, L. M., 264
Imai, I., 25, 33, 283
Imai, �., 38
Imberger, �., 59, 101
Imboden, D. M., 104
Ims, �. A., 261
Inagaki, T., 211, 212
Incze, L. S., 121
Inoue, E., 3, 20, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 173
Inoue, N., 54
Inoue, T., 171, 247
Irwin, B. D., 51
Irwin, M. E., 204
Ishikawa, �., 278
Ishimaru, T., 53
Isobe, S., 34, 36, 38
Ito, �., 150
Ito, M., 172
Ito, �., 3, 170, 174, 296
Iwao, S., 268
Iwasa, �., 294, 320
Izumi, T., 96
�ackson, G. A., 39, 40, 55, 56, 64, 66, 156,
291, 294
�ackson, �. L., 3, 348, 351
�aeger, �. C., 15, 99, 108, 187, 305, 307, 323
�ahn, T. L., 288
�ahnke, �., 52, 104
�amart, B. M., 54
�ames, G. B., 34
�ames, I. �., 177
�annasch, H. ., 47
�arvis, �. . M., 96
�arvis, P. G., 32
�assby, A. D., 300
�eans, �. H., 206
�e¤rey, . H., 294
�enkinson, I. �., 55
�ennrich, �. I., 238, 239
�essen, C. �., 4, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247,
262
�ewell, P. A., 238
�ickells, T. D., 79
�illett, �. B., 287
�ohnson, B. �., 258
�ohnson, C. G., 77, 173, 174
�ohnson, C. P., 66
�ohnson, E. A., 67, 70
�ohnson, M. ., 115
�ohnson, �., 47
�ohnstone, �. C. B., 221
�ones, D. D., 315
�ones, �., 186
�ones, �. E., 185
�ones, �. S., 102
�orne , �., 300, 324, 333, 357
�oseph, �., 20, 28, 116, 117, 273
�owise, P. P., 106
�oyce, �. �. �., 173
Author Inde� 449
�uhl, A. �., 273
�umars, P. A., 42, 52, 53, 57, 58, 121, 293
�ury, . A., 106
�aae, �. S., 113
�ac, M., 241, 242
�adir, T. N., 106
�ametaka, �., 306
�amykowski, D., 65
�areiva, P., 9, 137, 152, 172, 174, 175, 179,
180, 193, 264, 326
�arl, D. M., 48
�arp-Boss, L., 121
�atul, G. G., 38
�awasaki, �., 159, 160, 182, 193, 232, 245,
246, 264, 334
�awatani, T., 36
�eeney, D. �., 106
�eller, E. F., 151, 152.161
�emble, E. C., 340
�emp, . M., 52
�endall, D. G., 185
�endall, M. G., 2, 305, 306, 307
�enney, B. C., 287
�enward, �. E., 264
�eough, �. �., 46, 264
�ern, �. ., 258
�erner, E. H., 300, 333
�ernohan, B. �., 261
�essler, �. �., 289, 290
�ettle, D. S., 250
�ierstead, H., 271, 272
�iester, A. �., 240, 250, 254, 255
�ilgore, D. L., 93, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101
�ilham, P., 51, 286
�ilham, S. S., 51
�ils, ., 209
�im, �., 86
�im, S., 88
�indblom, L., 43
�ing, �. M., 34, 36
�ing, P., 62
�ingsford, M. �., 288
�innear, A., 64
�i�rboe, T., 54, 55, 57
�iriyama, S., 65
�ishimoto, �., 173
�itching, �., 250�253, 262
� elleberg, S., 293
�leiber, M., 239
�nap, A. H., 47
�nap, T. D., 79
�nauer, G. A., 54
�nauer, G. H., 48
�no�, B., 83
�obayashi, �., 38
�och, A. L., 165, 166, 167, 168
�och, E. ., 43, 47
�oehl, M. A. �., 41, 47, 88, 123, 269
�oeppl, �. ., 238
�oh, �. C. �., 59
�olber, �., 47
�olmogorov, A., 2, 306, 309, 310
�olmogorov, A. N., 276
�omar, P. D., 63
�ondo, �., 34
�ono, T., 3, 170, 171
�ool, �. B., 105
�oontz, F. ., 261
�oopman, B. �., 82
�opell, N., 332
�orhonen, �., 101
�ose¤, �. �., 60
�ostitzin, �. A., 1
�owal, N. E., 5
�oyama, �., 205
�rakauer, D. C., 219
�ranck, �., 55
�rause, �., 210
�rembs, C., 273
�riegerbrockett, B. B., 293
�ristmanson, D. D., 59, 60
�uechle, �. B., 242
�ullenberg, G., 355
�ullenberg, G. E. B., 355
�uno, E., 185, 268, 319, 320
�uo, �., 83
�uroki, T., 211, 212
Labisky, �. F., 259
Laca, E. A., 266
Lack, A., 80, 82
Lal, D., 48
Lalucat, �., 293
Lam, �. �., 54
Lamare, M. D., 87
Lamberson, �. H., 262
Lamm, P., 180
Lamp, H. H., 78
Lamp, �. P., 173, 174
Lampitt, �. S., 57
Land, E. D., 260
Land, M. F., 205
Landa, �. T., 219
Landahl, H. D., 306, 311
Lande, �., 66, 291
Landsberg, �. �., 34
Langevin, P., 148
450 Author Inde�
Langmuir, I., 280
Larson, �. �., 287
Larsson, P. �., 88
Lasker, H. �., 86
Lavelle, �. ., 65
Laws, �. M., 221
Lazier, �. �. N., 50, 52, 54, 120, 292
LeBrasseur, �. S., 314
Le Fevre, �., 54
Legendre, L., 53
Legget, . C., 88
Leggett, . C., 89
Leibovich, S., 283
Lei , F. �., 106
Lekan, �. F., 279
Leonard, L. A., 45
Leppard, G. G., 55, 56
Lerman, A., 48
Les, D. H., 82, 83
Levandowsky, M., 288, 289, 311, 314, 315
Levin, L. A., 88
Levin, S., viii, �i, �ii, 3, 9, 10, 14, 15, 67, 71,
72, 75, 193, 221, 229, 230, 232, 235, 298,
322, 343, 344, 345, 349, 353, 354, 357, 359,
360, 361, 362, 371
Levins, �., 349
Levitan, D. �., 85, 86
Levy, II, H., 79
Lewis, M., 193
Lewis, M. �., 50, 51
Li, B.-L., 269
Li, T.-�., 8
Li, '., 55, 66
Li, �., 105
Libelo, E. L., 102, 103
Libelo, L. F., 102, 103
Liebhold, A., 175, 193
Linden, D. �., 104
Linden, H. P., 81
Linder, �. L., 95
Lindqvist, �., 105
Lindstrom, F. T., 106
Linnell, �., 264
Lipschultz, F., 291
Liss, P. S., 52, 79
Liss, S. N., 55, 56
List, E. �., 59
Liu, M. G., 79
Liu, S. M., 79
Liu, �., 106
Lloyd, A. L., 294
Lobo, A., 269
Lochmann, S. E., 56
Loefer, �. B., 288
Loewen, M. �., 59, 60
Logan, B. E., 55, 66, 291, 293
Logan, �. A., 259
Long, G. E., 192
Long, �. A., 273
Longhurst, A. �., 48
Lopez, F., 42
Lorenz, E. N., 8
Lotka, A. �., 1
Louw, G. N., 96
Lowe, A. D., 79
Ludwig, D., 311, 314, 315
Luh, H.-�., 260
Lumley, �. L., 277
Lund, �. . G., 53
Luther, M. E., 45
Lutteg, B., 219
MacArthur, �. H., 318
Machta, L., 79
Machtans. C. S., 263
MacIntyre, S., 58, 59
MacIntyre, . G., 102, 103
MacIsaac, �. �., 50
Mackas, D. L., 279
Mackenzie, B. �., 89
Madsen, S. D., 104
Maehr, D. S., 259, 260
Ma�one, �., 55
Mahlman, �. D., 79
Maitland, A., 104
Maitland, D. P., 104
Maitra, S. C., 1
Maki, T., 33
Mangel, M., 219
Mann, �. H., 50, 52, 54, 120, 292
Margolis, L., 87
Mari, '., 54, 55
Marie, D., 60
Marinelli, �. L., 104
Marquet, �., 55
Marra, �., 280, 281
Marshall, B., 32
Marshall, E. �. P., 42
Marshall, T. �., 105
Marshall, . H., 189
Martin, F. L., 26
Martin, �. H., 48, 79
Martinez-Alonso, M-�., 293
Mar�, D. B., 258
Mason, D. M., 269
Mason, S. G., 83
Matiso¤, G., 104
Matlock, G. �., 70
Author Inde� 451
Matson, M., 79
Maurer, B. A., 261, 269
Ma�ey, M. �., 23
May, M. L., 239
May, �. M., 1, 8, 269, 294, 301, 316, 322, 332
Mayer, L. M., 62
Maynard Smith, �., 1, 343
McCamy, �. C., 140, 300, 337, 339, 368
McCave, I. N., 56
McCown, �. ., 260
McGillicuddy, D. �., 47
McGowan, �. A., 269
McGurk, M. D., 88, 89
Mc�elvie, S. M., 51
McLeod, �. B., 310
McManus, M. L., 130
McMurtrie, �., 273, 298, 312, 316, 325, 336
McNab, B. �., 239
McNeil, �., 47
McTaggart Cowan, I., 257, 258
Mead, �. S., 86
Meadows, A., 93
Meadows, P. S., 93
Mebus, �. �., 42
Me¤erd, �. B., 288
Mehlman, D. ., 263
Mellott, L. E., 260
Menge, B. A., 59
Mercer, �. ., 105
Merlivat, L., 52
Meroney, �. M., 36
Merrill, �. T., 79
Meyer, G. E., 282
Meyers, D. E., 115
Meyers, M. B., 102
Michaels, A. F., 47, 124
Midgley, �., 81
Midgley, �. �., 80
Miller, �. M., 79
Miller, �. T., 89
Miller, �. E., 259
Millspaugh, �. �., 261
Milton, �., 239
Mimura, M., 324, 349, 355, 356, 362
Minas, H. �., 51
Minosmith, S. G., 60
Mitchell, �., 274, 279, 292, 293, 294
Mitchell, �. G., 57, 269, 279, 290, 293
Mitchell-Innes, B., 54, 55
Miyashita, �., 174
Moar, N. T., 79
Moen, �., 259
Mogilner, A., 211, 232
Moksness, E., 88
Mollison, D., 9.15, 76, 306
Moloney, �. A., 269
Monismith, S. G., 60
Monteith, �. L., 33, 38
Montgomery, �. B., 117
Montroll, E. ., 1, 306, 311
Moody, �., 79
Mooi , . M., 264
Mooney, H. A., 38
Moore, P. A., 123
Moore, P. D., 76
Moore, . S., 104
Moran, �. C., 69
Morgan, B. �. T., 221
Morisita, M., 3, 158, 170, 171, 176, 247, 268
Morowitz, H. �., 296
Morris, ., 185
Morse, A. P., 63
Mort, M. A., 208
Mortensen, �. E., 151
Mo�im, . �., 79
Mueller, �. A., 52
Muir, A., 194
Mulhearn, P. �., 33, 36
Mulkey, L. A., 106
Muller-�arger, F. E., 124, 125, 126
Mundy, C. N., 86
Munk, P., 88
Munk, . H., 48
Munn, �. E., 27
Murie, M., 191
Murray, A. G., 294
Murray, �., 196
Murray, �. D., 310, 322, 324, 355, 362
Murthy, C. �., 28, 29
Myrup, L. �., 278
Nagai, �., 34, 36
Na ar, �. G., 51
Nakai, T., 53
Nakaoka, �., 152, 161
Nakata, �., 278
Napp, �. M., 91
Neale, P. �., 53
Nee, S., 261
Nelson, D. M., 51
Nelson, E., 144, 148
Nemoto, T., 54
Nepf, H. M., 43, 45, 46, 60
Neushul, M., 46
Newell, C. �., 43
Nicolis, G., 298, 322
Nieves, G., 72
Niklas, �. �., 39, 71, 72, 79, 80, 81
452 Author Inde�
Ninham, B. ., 140
Nisbet, �. M., 140, 300, 316, 337, 339, 340,
341, 342
Nishida, T., 324
Nishiki, S., 130
Nishiura, �., 349, 355, 362
Nishizawa, S., 54
Niwa, H. S., 214, 215, 235
Ni�on, S. ., 52
Noble, �. �., 328, 329, 330
Noble, P. S., 38
Nonacs, P., 219
Noon, B. �., 262
Norcross, B. L., 88
Nordholm, �., 148
Norman, �. M., 33, 34
Nott, M. P., 260, 262
Nottestad, L., 219
Nowel, A. �. M., 57, 58
Nowell, A. �. M., 42
�akey, N. S., 50, 51
��Brien, D. P., 209
��Brien, E. E., 115
��Brien, �. �., 314
��Bryan, L. M., 54
�da, T., 174
�dell, P., 152, 175, 180, 326
�dum, H. T., 52
�gata, A., 106
�gden, E. C., 67, 73, 74
�gura, �., 20, 24, 33, 275
�kabe, H., 89
�kubo, A., vii�i�, ���i, 9.18, 20, 22, 23, 28,
29, 31, 34, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 51, 57, 67, 71,
72, 75, 83, 84, 87, 88, 89, 90, 182, 193, 197,
204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 211, 235, 269, 272,
273, 274, 278, 279, 280, 290, 291, 292, 315,
349, 354, 355
�liver, �. �., 14, 86, 87
�liver, �., 64
�liver, �. L., 65
�lson, D., 14, 229, 232
�lson, D. B., 272
�lson, �. �., 204
��Melia, C. �., 65
�osawa, F., 152, 161
�rellana, M. �., 294
���iordan, C. A., 60
�rnstein, L. S., 148, 200, 202
���ourke, M. �., 81
�rr, �. T., 115
�schlies, A., 47
�ster, G., 8, 370, 373
�stling, �., 293
�stro, L. E., 261
�take, A., 5
�thmer, H. G., 137, 161, 325, 357
�tis, D. L., 261
�viatt, C. A., 52
�wen, �. ., 273, 279, 286, 287
�wens, N. �. P., 52
�zmidov, �. �., 20, 28, 273
Pacala, S., 9, 88
Pacenka, S., 106
Packard, T. T., 50
Pa¤enhofer, G.-A., 121
Paine, �. T., 9, 371
Palme n, E., 117
Parker, G. N., i�
Parker, I. S. C., 221
Parkinson, �. L., 257
Parlange, �. �., 106
Parr, A. E., 210, 217
Parrington, �. �., 79
Parrish, �. �., 197, 209, 219
Parslow, �. S., 269
Parsons, T. �., 314
Pasquill, F., 20, 27
Passow, ., 55
Pastor, �., 259
Patlak, C. S., 140, 141, 142, 143
Pattiaratchi, C., 86
Pattle, �. E., 182
Paw , �. T., 81
Pearcy, �. ., 38
Pearson, �., 2
Pederson, �., 42
Pedley, T. �., 290
Peletier, L. A., 306
Peloquin, �. �., 204
Penndorf, �., 78
Pereira, A. �., 33
Perrier, E. �., 36
Perry, �. N., 268
Peters, �. H., 261, 262
Peterson, �. �., 208
Petrovksy, I., 2, 306, 309, 310
Pettit, �., 83
Phan, T., 106
Phelps, E. B., 52
Philbrick, C. T., 82
Philip, �. P., 313
Philip, �. �., 312
Phillips, B. F., 287
Phillips, �. M., 25
Phinney, D. A., 53, 54
Author Inde� 453
Picquelle, S., 88
Pielou, E. C., 1, 6, 8, 247, 268, 296, 320
Pilskaln, C., 291
Pilskaln, C. H., 54, 55, 62
Piscounov, N., 2, 306, 309, 310
Pitcher, T. �., 197, 209
Piwoni, M. D., 105
Plaia, G., 104
Planck, �. �., 240
Platt, �. �., 276, 277, 288, 314, 372
Platt, T., 50, 51, 278, 300, 314, 371, 372
Plesset, M. S., 289
Poland, D., 140
Pollack, �. B., 79
Pond, S., 48
Posedel, N., 54, 55
Post, A. F., 60
Powell, E. N., 102
Powell, �. �., 178
Powell, �. A., 264
Powell, T. M., 29, 88, 269, 274, 278
Powers, D. A., 88, 89, 91
Prandtl, L., 33, 94
Price, �. F., 280, 281
Priede I. G., 258
Prigogine, I., 298, 322
Pritchard, D. ., 20
Procter, L. M., 294
Proctor, M., 80, 82
Prospero, �. M., 79
Pudsey, C. �., 62
Puers, B., 258
Pugh, P. �., 279
Pulliam, H. �., 224, 225
Purcell, E. M., 130, 292
Pytkowicz, �. M., 48
Quentin, L. B., 64
Quinn, P., 79
�adakov, D. �., 209, 217
�aedeke, �. �., 261
�agotzkie, �. A., 286
�ahm, L., 61
�ailsback, S. F., 262
�ainey, �. C., 190, 202, 203
�a agopalan, S., 32
�aman, �. �., 152
�amarao, B. �., 65
�ao, P. S. C., 106
�apaport, D. C., 14
�aupach, M. �., 32, 35, 36, 38
�aven, �. A., 42
�aven, P. H., 71
�ay, A, �., 102
�aymor, G. S., 76
�aynor, G. S., 67, 73, 74
�ead, A. F., 261
�egal, P. �., 80
�eid, C., 194
�einhardt, A. H., 79
�enner, S. S., 80
�evelante, N., 54
�eynolds, C. S., 53, 65
�ichards, �. C., 29
�ichardson, L. F., 17, 20
�ichardson, M. �., 62
�ichardson, �. H., 176
�icherson, P. �., 29, 278
�ichmond, �. H., 86
�ichter, �. E., 205, 280
�ichter-Dyn, N., 150
�icklefs, �. E., 80
�idd, P. �., 103
�iebesell, ., 56
�i¤enburgh, �. H., 224
�iley, G. A., 48, 54, 55
�iley, �. �., 204
�isch, S., 175
�ittenhouse, L. A., 266
�obbins, A., 51
�oberts, A., 292
�obinson, A. �., 47
�obinson, . N., 42
�obock, A., 79
�oe, H. S. �., 279
�ogers, D., 183
�ohlf, F. �., 157, 158, 176, 179
�olston, D. E., 106
�oman, M. �., 53, 54
�omano, �. C., 55
�ombakis, S., 3, 67, 70
�omey, . L., 219
�oof, �. C., 260
�oot, T. �., 262
�osen, G., 300, 324, 357
�osen, �., 348
�oss, �. M., 64
�otenberg, M., 306, 365, 368
�oth, �., 106
�othe, F., 306, 323, 324
�othlisberg, P. C., 88
�oughgarden, �., 88
�ubenstein, D. I., 229
�uckleshaus, M. H., 84, 264
�uiz, �., 58, 66
�undel, P. ., 38
�ussell, G., 32
454 Author Inde�
�ust, M. �., 114
�uth, T. �., 259
�uzycki, E., 46
Sa¤mann, P. G., 29
Saila, S. B., 186, 190
Saito, T., 34, 36
Sakai, S., 215, 216, 217
Sakamoto, ., 211, 212
Saleem, �. A., 105
Salvatori, �., 259
Sampson, �. F., 84
Sanderson, G. C., 238
Sand-�ensen, �., 42
Sarmiento, �. L., 51
Sa�ena, �. P., 358
Schaefer, G. ., 203, 204, 284
Scheltema, �. S., 88, 89, 90, 91
Schindler, D. E., 51
Schmidt, ., 20
Schmidt-Nielsen, �., 239
Schmitz, G., 193
Schneider, B., 79
Schneider, D., 282
Schoener, T. ., 239, 261
Schro�dter, H., 3, 67, 69, 70
Schubel, �. �., viii
Schultz, C., 175, 179
Schumacher, �. D., 88
Schwarz, M., 140
Schwink, I., 114
Scott, �. T., 282
Scott, L. �., 115
Scotter, D. �., 173, 174
Scriven, L. E., 357
Seaman, D. E., 261, 264
Sebastian, S., 106
Segel, L. A., 3, 151, 152, 152.161, 348, 349,
351, 353, 354, 359, 360, 361, 362
Seginer, I., 36
Seitz, �. D., 102, 103
Selker, �. S., 105
Sendner, H., 20, 28, 116, 117, 273
Sethian, �. A., 14
Sha¤er, G., 48, 49, 51, 53
Shalit, G., 105
Shanks, A. L., 55, 288
Shannon, C. E., 296, 297
Shannon, L. �., 90
Shappy, �. A., 186, 190
Sharma, P., 104
Sharov, A., 175, 193
Shaw, E., 212
Shaw, �. F., 88
Shaw, �. H., 33, 34, 36
Sheets, �. G., 95
Shibata, M. F., 85
Shigesada, N., 4, 137, 140, 158, 159, 160, 175,
179, 180, 182, 193, 264, 334, 345, 346
Shono, S., 26
Shorey, H. H., 113, 114
Short, F. T., 43
Shum, �. T., 92
Siegel, D. A., 47, 124, 125, 126
Sierszen, M., 46
Sigurdsson, �. B., 130
Silander, �. A., 9
Silver, M. ., 54, 55
Silver, S. C., 261
Silvert, ., 371, 372
Simberlo¤, D., 263
Simon, M., 55
Sims, P. L., 266
Sinclair, A. �. E., 221
Sinclair, M., 88, 89
Sini¤, D. B., 4, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247,
262
Sinko, �. ., 370
Skellam, �. G., viii, 2, 6, 7, 127, 134, 136, 143,
145, 147, 154, 178, 191, 192, 194, 271, 272,
298, 302, 306, 311, 312
Skidmore, A. �., 259
Skinner, D., 101
Skinner, G., 174
Slade, D. H., 17, 27
Slade, N. A., 238, 261
Slater, �. D., 51
Slatkin, M., 240, 250, 254, 255
Slobodkin, L. B., 271, 272, 369
Small, L. F., 63
Smayda, T. �., 63, 64, 282, 286
Smethie, . M., 104
Smith, A. D., 204
Smith, C. N., 106
Smith, F. A., 47
Smith, P. E., 219
Smoller, �., 325, 362
Smoluchowski, M., 144
Smoth, �r., �. L., 205
Snell, T. ., 121
Sokal, �. �., 176, 179
Solow, A., 121
Soong, T. T., 148, 149, 150
Soster, F. M., 104
Soudine, A., 79
South, A., 264
Southern, . E., 189
Sperry, �., 82
Author Inde� 455
Spiegel, E. A., 288, 289
Spitzer, F., 133
Sposito, G., 106
Spring, S. M., 91
Springer, S., 222, 226
Squires, �. D., 23
Srinivasan, S., 293
Stabeno, P. �., 88, 89, 91
Stamhuis, E. �., 102
Stander, G. H., 90
Stanley, E., 196
Starczak, �. �., 60
Stavn, �. H., 284, 285, 286, 287
Steele, �. H., 3, 6, 269, 273, 355, 357, 358,
373
Steenhuis, T., 106
Steenhuis, T. S., 105, 106
Steinberg, D. �., 54, 55
Stepanov, �. M., 73
Stephens, G. �., 173
Stevens, C. L., 46, 47
Stevens, E. E., 262
Stewart, B. G., 87
Stewart, D. �., 262
Stewart, �., 282
Stigebrandt, A., 52
Stoeckly, B., 152
Stommel, H., 282
Stone, E. L., 105
Strathmann, �., 88, 89, 91
Stratonovich, �. L., 150
Streeter, H. ., 52
Streifer, ., 370, 373
Strickler, �. �., 121, 123, 124
Strutton, P. G., 269
Stumm, ., 65
Sture, �., 148
Styan, C. A., 86
Sugiura, �., 53
Sullivan, �. A., 45
Sullivan, �. T., 204, 205
Sundby, S., 63, 282, 291
Surtt, G. C., 51
Sutcli¤e, �. L., 263
Suttle, C. A., 294
Sutton, �. G., 20, 26, 27, 70
Suzuki, �., 215, 216, 217
Svensson, ., 61
Sverdrup, H. ., 115
Swaney, D. P., 51, 104
Sweanor, L. L., 259
Swift, D. M., 266
Swift, S. M., 258
Swihart, �. �., 261
Swingland, I. �., 259
Symons, P. E. �., 209
Syr a�ma�ki, �., 204
Syslo, M., 287
Takahashi, �., 64
Takahashi, M., 53, 314
Takahashi, �., 373
Takayama, �., 293
Takeda, �., 33
Takeda, �., 193
Talbot, �. ., 88, 89, 93, 94, 355
Talling, �. F., 53
Tam, . C., 324, 326, 327, 328
Tani, I., 33
Tani, N., 38
Taylor, A. C., 102
Taylor, F. �. �., 282
Taylor, G. I., 16, 20, 21, 29, 136
Taylor, G. S., 76
Taylor, L. �., 127, 268
Taylor, �. A. �., 127
Temple, L. �., 259
Tennekes, H., 277
Terada, T., 2
Teramoto, E., 4, 140, 158, 159, 160, 175, 182,
314, 320, 334, 345, 346
Tester, �. �., 242
Thacker, . C., 65
Thayer, G. ., 42
Therriault, �.-C., 53, 278
Thibodeau�, L. �., 61, 62
Thom, A. S., 34, 314
Thom, P. G., 32, 36
Thom, �., 32
Thomann, �. �., 52
Thomas, C. D., 263
Thomas, F. I. M., 87
Thomas, �. H., 65
Thompson, �. �., 60
Thresh, �. M., 204
Thurtell, G. ., 34, 36
Tiet ens, �. G., 33, 94
Tilman, D., 9, 51
Timm, ., 290, 291
Tiselius, P, 54, 55
Titman, C. ., 130
Titman, D., 286
Toggweiler, �. �., 51
Tokos, �. �., 79
Tolbert, . ., 130
Tomlinson, A. I., 79
Tonolli, L., 269
Tonolli, �., 269
456 Author Inde�
Toride, N., 106
Townsend, D. ., 54
Treger, �. ., 210
Treguer, P., 51
Treisman, M., 226
Trent, �. D., 55
Trevors, �., 193
Troksa, M. �., 104
Trucco, E., 365
Tsuda, A., 54
Tsunogai, S., 48, 52, 79
Tufto, �., 264
Turchin, P., 14, 143, 174, 179, 180, 195, 259,
262, 264
Turing, A. M., 3, 348
Turner, F. B., 238, 239
Turuoka, �., 173
chi ima, �., 38
dagawa, T., 38
hlenbeck, G. E., 148, 149, 200, 202
nited States Congress, ��ce of Technology
Assessment, 193
nsworth, M. H., 33, 38
tida, S., 3, 171, 173, 174
�abo, �., 219
�an der Heiden, ., 323
�an der Hei de, P., 106
van der Pi l, L., 71, 72, 79, 80, 82
�andevelde, T., 53
van er Meer, F., 259
�an Genuchten, M. Th., 106
�an Hemert, D., 54
�an Lawick-Goodall, �., 221
�an �lst, �. C., 209
van ingerden, . �. �. E., 130
�aque , D, 273, 274, 279
�aulot, D., 60
�enrick, E. L., 53
�erdugo, P., 294
�erduin, �. �., 83
�etter, �. A., 293
�ickers, N. �., 123
�idakovic, B., 38
�ideler, �. �., 102
�illard, M., 263
�illareal, T. A., 291
�ine, I., 223
�isser, A., 51, 54, 55
�ivoni, E. �., 43
�ogel, H., 86
�ogel, S., 63, 92, 93, 95, 96, 100, 129
�olterra, �., 1
�on Foerster, H., 365
�ugts, H. F., 130
addell, �. �., 105
agenet, �. �., 106
aite, A., 55
alker, D. I., 83
alker, N. A., 47
allace, A. �., 89
allace, C. C., 14, 86, 87
allace, D. . �., 52
alo¤, �., 202, 203
alsby, A. E., 65
alter, G. H., 69
alters, D. M., 106
alther, E. G., 282
ang, D., 287
ang, �. H., 79
ang, M. C., 149, 202
ang, '., 104
angersky, P. �., 54
anninkhof, �., 52
ard-Smith, A. �., 72
arner, D. ., 242
ashington, �. ., 105
atanabe, S., 3, 171, 173, 174
atmough, �., 202, 211
att, �. E. F., 6, 247
a�, N., 144
aycott, M., 82, 83, 84
eatherly, G. L., 62
eaver, ., 296, 297
eber, P., 76
eiland, �. H., 65
eilenmann, ., 65
einbauer, M. G., 294
einberger, H. F., 308, 310, 311, 314,
315
eintraub, �. D., 239
eir, �. S., 100
eiss, G. H., 365, 370, 373
eissburg, M. H., 121, 122, 124
eissburg, M. �., 121, 124
eller, �. A., 280, 281
estlake, D. F., 42
etzler, �., 175
heeler, . N., 46, 47
hipple, C. G., 289
hipple, �. T. P., 20, 29
hite, B. S., 311, 314, 315
hite, G. C., 258, 261
hite, �. E., 106
hitehead, D., 86
hitehead, D. �., 80
Author Inde� 457
idder, D. �., 25
iebe, P. H., 269, 279
iens, �. A., 265
ierenga, P. �., 105
ildish, D. �., 59, 60
ilhelm, H. E., 311
ilhelm, S. ., 294
ilkerson, F. P., 51
ilkes, T. �., 114
ilkinson, D. B., 55
ilkinson, D. H., 186, 188, 189, 190, 191
illiams, G., 213
illiams, G. C., 222
illis, B. L., 14, 86, 87
illson, M. F., 71
ilson, D. E., 186, 190
ilson, E. �., 107, 109, 112, 113, 318
ilson, �. �., 96, 97, 99, 100, 101
ilson, �. E., 279, 280
inant, C. D., 39, 40
inet, H., 288, 289
inter, D. F., 54
irick, C. D., 52
isdom, M. �., 258
issel, C., 219
ithers, P. C., 101
oiwod, I. P., 268
olf, �. ., 53
olf, ., 86
olfe, G. �., 121
olfenbarger, D. �., 31, 173, 174, 175, 250
ol¤, . F., 260, 262
olfram, S., 9
ollast, �., 79
ood, A. M., 66, 291
oods, �. D., 53
orcester, S. E., 43
orton, B. �., 261
outers, P., 258
right, �. H., 114
right, S., 3, 174, 176, 177, 178
roblewski, �. ., 314
u, �., 269
u, �. S., 105
ynne-Edwards, �. C., 226
yrtki, �., 48, 49, 52
�ahel, G., 60
�amaguti, M., 8, 336, 349, 355, 362
�amazaki, H., 209
�ano, �., i�, viii
�asuda, N., 185
�en, �., 121, 123, 124, 209
�entsch, C. S., 53, 54
�eo, P., 80, 82
�okoyama, N., 27
�orke, �. A., 8
�oshikawa, A., 336
�oshimura, H., 53
�oshioka, N., 65
�oshizawa, S., 313
�osida, T., 3, 171, 173, 174
�oung, T. P., 261
�u, Q., 79
�avistoski, �. A., 45
�edler, �. B., 51
�eeman, E. C., 314
�eil, �., 205
�eldis, �. �., 287
�hang, �., 79
�ia, L., 180
�iel, �., 204
�ieman, �. C., 42
�iemann, D., 47
�immerman, �. ., 264
�oller, . H., 79
�wanzig, �., 148
458 Author Inde�
Sub ect Inde�
Abiotic pollination, 79
Absorbing boundary, 301
Acknowledgments, 433
Active di¤usion, 31
Activity range, 238
Advection�di¤usion models, 48
for biodi¤usion, 158�160
Advection�di¤usion-reaction equations, 299�
304
Advection�di¤usion-reaction models, 106
Advective �u�, 62
e¤ect of, on predator�prey systems, 334�
336
Aerodynamic method, 38
Age-dependent dispersal, mathematical
models for, 364�373
Aggregates, 54�59
Aggregation
degree of, 320
inde� of, 320n
Algal �ocs, 56
Allee e¤ect, 313, 356
Allometric relations between home range and
body size, 261�262
Amalgamation in animal grouping, 219�222
Amoebic movement, 216, 217
Anemophily, 79�84
Animal-borne plants, dispersal of, 194�195
Animal burrows, �uid e�change in, 92�104
Animal di¤usion, e�amples of, 170�196
Animal dispersal, 3
and settling in new home ranges, 248�250
Animal ecology, di¤usion models in, 195�196
Animal grouping
amalgamation in, 219�222
biological conte�t of mathematical models
of, 227�228
de�ned, 197
dynamics of, 197�237
in social grouping populations, 234�237
ecological or evolutional signi�cance of,
222�227
mathematical models for, in home ranges,
240�242
physical distinction between di¤usion and,
197�200
predator vigilance and, 226
simulation model for, 215�219
splitting in, 219�222
Animal movement
data on, 258�261
in home ranges, computer simulation of,
242�248
Newton�s laws of motion for, 128�131
Animals, homing and migration of, di¤usion
models for, 186�191
Antipatchiness agent, 269
Aquatic organisms, chemical communication
in, 119�126
models of, 122�124
Aquatic plant canopies, 39�47
Arrayal force, 216
Asocial populations, 314
critical patch size of, 312�313
Atmosphere, insects in, horizontal and
vertical distributions of, 172�185
Atmospheric boundary layers, di¤usion in,
26�27
Attractant distribution, 163
Attraction-repulsion-distance functions, 211
Attractive transition, 155
Average homing speed, 188
Bacteria, chemical communication in, 120
Be nard cells, 288
Benthic-pelagic coupling, 59�62
���
Bernoulli�s distribution, 12
Biased dispersal, 334, 335
Biased movement near boundaries, 265
Binomial distribution, 12
Bioconvection, 288�291
physical model for, 289
Biodi¤usion, 16
advection�di¤usion models for, 158�160
Biodi¤usion equations applied to ta�is, 151�
156
Biogeography, island, 318�319
Biological conte�t of mathematical models of
animal grouping, 227�228
Biological di¤usion, 2�3
mathematical treatment of, 127�169
Biological dispersion, 2
Biological invasions
environmental degradation due to, 193
model for, 191�194
Biological scales for chemical communication,
120
Biological term, 300
Bioturbation, 104
Birth-dominant population, 337
Black Death, 330�331
Body size, allometric relations between home
range and, 261�262
Bonilla�Linan system, 328
Boundaries, biased movement near, 265
Boundary conditions in di¤usion-reaction
equations, 302
Boundary e¤ects, 265�266
Bowen ratio method, 38
Brinkman layer, 61
Broadcast spawners, 85�88
Brownian motion, 144
Burrows, animal, �uid e�change in, 92�104
Canopy drag, 42�43
Carrying capacity, 306
Catchability-led stock collapse, 227
Cell concentrations, 290
Cell density function, 307
Cellular automaton model, 219
Central density, 311
Centrally biased step, 240�242
Centroid, group, 198
Chemical communication, 107�126
in aquatic organisms, 119�126
models of, 122�124
in bacteria, 120
biological scales for, 120
in copepods, 121
in decapods, 121�122
physical scales for, 119�120
in protozoans, 120�121
Chemotactic coe�cient, 152
Chlorophyll production, 53�54
Chlorophyll-variance spectrum, 276�279
Clumped distribution, 268, 269
Coe�istence of competing species, 343
Communication, chemical, see Chemical
communication
Community matri�, 349
Competing populations, e¤ect of dispersal on,
343�347
Competing species, coe�istence of, 343
Computer simulation
for animal grouping, 215�219
of animal movement in home ranges, 242�
248
individual-based, 229
for rodent dispersal, 250
of ta�is, 157�158
Concentration gradient, 181
Confusion e¤ect, 219
Conspeci�c cueing strategy, 250�251
Continuous emission
from moving sources, 111�112
in still air, 110�111
in wind, 112�115
Convection cells, plankton distributions in,
280�288
Convective motion, 282
Copepods, chemical communication in, 121
Core area, 238
Correlated random walks, 137�140
Correlation coe�cient, 206
Corridors, movement and, 263�264
Critical patch size of asocial populations,
312�313
Critical scales, minimum, for population
survival, 316
Critical size, 270�272
Critical size problem, 310�317, 321
Critical wavenumber, 351, 355, 360
Cross-di¤usion, 300
e¤ect of, 333�334
Cueing strategy, conspeci�c, 250�251
Danger, domain of, 223
Darcy�s equation, 44
Datum-level displacement, 32, 33
Death-dominant population, 337
Decapods, chemical communication in, 121�
122
Density-dependent di¤usion coe�cient,
237
460 Sub ect Inde�
Density-dependent dispersal, 340�341
e¤ect of, on population dynamics, 336�343
Density-dependent population �u�, 337
Density distribution of individuals, 229
Density-independent dispersal, 339�340
Deterministic methods, 6�8
Diaspore dispersal, 72
Diatom mats, 291
Diel variation, 57�58
Di¤erence equations, 8
Di¤usion, 2
active, 31
animal, e�amples of, 170�196
in atmospheric boundary layers, 26�27
basics of, 10�30
biological, see Biological di¤usion
coe�cient of, 12
concept of, 10
de�nition of, 10�11
entropy of patchiness and, 294�297
Fickian, 231
Fick�s equation of, 14�15
in force �eld, 18�19
of insect pheromones, 107�115
mathematical ecology and, 1�9
mechanical, 45
of nutrients in sea, 47�62
oceanographic and limnological, 27�30
passive, see Passive di¤usion
patchy distribution and, 268�297
physical, 20�26
physical distinction between animal
grouping and, 197�200
population balance with, 317�320
random walk and, 11�14
role of, in plankton patchiness, 269�274
similarity hypothesis of, 21�22
of smell and taste, 107�126
smoothing e¤ect of, 325
spore, 3, 62�84
theory of, 20�26
turbulent, 15�18
equations of, 23�25
within and above plant canopies, 32�47
Di¤usion coe�cient, 195
density-dependent, 237
Di¤usion equation
generalized, formulation of swarming by,
200�202
limiting, 13
three-dimensional, 108
Di¤usion models
in animal ecology, 195�196
for home ranges, 264�267
for homing and migration of animals, 186�
191
Di¤usion plume, 119
Di¤usion problem of migration of green
turtles, 115�119
Di¤usion-reaction equations, boundary
conditions in, 302
Di¤usion-reaction models, 299
Di¤usion-reaction systems
nonlinear stability analysis for, 357�364
pattern-developing instability in, 348�357
Di¤usion velocity, 28
Di¤usion width, 20�21
Di¤usive �u�, 62, 300
Di¤usive instability, 348�357
Di¤usivity, 12, 21, 152
due to turbulence, 24
Dilution e¤ect, 224
Dimensional analysis, 270�271
Dirac delta function, 146
Direct immigration and emigration, 317
Disease propagation, 294
Disorder, measure of, 295�296
Disordered states, 295
Dispersal
age-dependent, mathematical models for,
364�373
animal, see Animal dispersal
of animal-borne plants, 194�195
biased, 334, 335
density-dependent, see Density-dependent
dispersal
density-independent, 339�340
e¤ect of, on competing populations, 343�
347
of �sh eggs, 88�91
of gametes and organisms, 84�91
larval, 89
population pressure and, 170�172
random, 361
single-species population dynamics with,
304�320
two-species population dynamics with,
321�336
Dispersal distance, mean, 194
Dispersal spore, 62
Dispersion
animal, 3
biological, 2
of phytoplankton, 276
Domain of danger, 223
Doughnut pattern, 217
Drag, �eynolds number and, 129�130
Drag coe�cient, 129
Sub ect Inde� 461
Drifting coe�cient, 90�91
Dust plumes, 79
Dynamical system, 234
Ecological signi�cance of animal grouping,
222�227
Ecology
animal, di¤usion models in, 195�196
di¤usive instability in, 348�357
mathematical, di¤usion and, 1�9
movement, 259
�cology and �i�usion, vii�i�
Ecosystem�s�
model, Lotka-�olterra, 1�2
passive di¤usion in, 31�106
Eddies, turbulence and, 274�275
Eddy correlation, 38
Eddy di¤usivity, 24
Edge phenomena, 230
Educational models, 5
Elephant herds, 220�221
Emigration, direct, 317
Energy-potential theory, 230�231
Enrichment, parado� of, 369
Environmental degradation due to biological
invasions, 193
Environments
heterogeneous, see Heterogeneous
environments
hostile, 339
Ephydrophily, 82
Error function, 110, 187
Eulerian viewpoint, 4
Evolutional signi�cance of animal grouping,
222�227
E�pert-system models, 262�263
Fertilization, e�ternal, 85�88
Fertilization success, 86
Fickian di¤usion, 231
Fick�s equation of di¤usion, 14�15
Fick�s law, 4, 16
Filamentary plume, 119
Fish eggs, dispersal of, 88�91
Fish schooling, 209�215
Flies, 204�208
Flocs, 54�59
Florida panther case study, 259�261
Fluid e�change in animal burrows, 92�104
Fokker�Planck equations, 143�151
Food density, home-range size and, 264
Foraging, hierarchical, 266�267
Force �eld, di¤usion in, 18�19
Forces, random, 19
Forward �olmogorov equation, 147
Fractal aggregate models, 66
Fragmentation, habitat, 263
Frequency distribution
oint, 233
types of, 176
Functional response, 354
predator-prey systems with, 354
Fungal spores, 76
Gametes, dispersal of, 84�91
Gamma distribution, 243�244
Gaussian distribution, 12
Gaussian plume, 67
tilted, 71, 72
Gaussian plume model, 72
Gravity, 128
Green turtles, di¤usion problem of migration
of, 115�119
Group centroid, 198
Group characteristics, 228
Group dynamics, integral equations for, 231�
232
Group-size distribution, 221
Group-size distribution models, spatially
e�plicit, 235�237
Grouping, animal, see Animal grouping
Grouping populations, social, dynamics of
animal grouping in, 234�237
Growth function, 313
Gyrota�is, 289�291
Habitat fragmentation, 263
Habitual segregation, 160
Herds, see Animal grouping
Heterogeneous environments
e¤ects of, 334
movement in, 266
Hierarchical foraging, 266�267
Home-range estimation, 261
Home-range size, food density and, 264
Home ranges
allometric relations between body size and,
261�262
animal movements in, 238�267
de�ned, 238
di¤usion models for, 264�267
mathematical models for animal grouping
in, 240�242
model, 239
new, animal dispersal and settling in, 248�
250
simulation of animal movement in, 242�248
size of, 239�240
462 Sub ect Inde�
Homing of animals
average speed of, 188
di¤usion models for, 186�191
randomness in, 190�191
Honami, 35
Horizontal distributions of insects in
atmosphere, 172�185
Hostile environments, 339
Hydrophily, 79�84
Hyphhydrophily, 82
Immigration, direct, 317
Individual-based models of movement, 262�
264
Individual-based simulations, 229
Individuals, 227�228
density distribution of, 229
Inertial subrange, 275
Initial-value problems, 302�303
Insect dispersal, 173�181
mathematical models for, 181�185
Insect pheromones, di¤usion of, 107�115
Insect swarming, 202�208
Insects, 3
in atmosphere, horizontal and vertical
distributions of, 172�185
dispersal of, see Insect dispersal
following pheromone plume, 114�115
Instability, di¤usive, 348�357
Instantaneous �u�, 23�24
Integral equations for group dynamics, 231�
232
Interactions, nonlocal, 231
Internal state-mediated ta�is, 161�169
Invasions, biological, see Biological invasions
Island biogeography, 318�319
Ivlev constant, 314
�erk number, 41
�oint frequency distribution, 233
�oseph�Sendner model, 117, 273
�ump process, one-dimensional velocity, 161
K-distribution, 185
�abashira, 182
�elp forests, 39�42
�inematic viscosity, 292
�ISS model, 272�274
�ISS scale, 315�316
�ISS size, 272, 311, 312
�linokinesis, 132, 151, 153
�olmogorov eddies, 121
�olmogorov equation, forward, 147
�olmogorov scale, 274
�ramer�s equation, 149n
�urtosis, 176
Lagrangian viewpoint, 4
Lake aggregates, 55
Laminar �ow, 15
Landmark swarming, 205
Langevin equation, 148
Langmuir circulation, 280�282
Larval dispersal, 89
Lefkovitch matri� model, 219
Leptokurtic distributions, 176
Limnological di¤usion, 27�30
Local stability problem, 321
Locust swarms, 202�203
Logistic growth of populations, 306
Lotka��olterra model ecosystem, 1�2
Lotka��olterra predator-prey model, 322�
326
Macrophyte canopies, 44�47
Malthusian populations, 304
Marine aggregates, 55
Marine snow, 54�59
Marine zooplankton swarming, 208�209
Markov process, 145
Mass transport stress, 46
Mathematical ecology and di¤usion, 1�9
Mathematical models
for age-dependent dispersal, 364�373
for animal grouping
biological conte�t of, 227�228
in home ranges, 240�242
for insect dispersal, 181�185
value of, 4�6
Mathematical treatment of biological
di¤usion, 127�169
Mats, diatom, 291
Mean dispersal distance, 194
Measure of disorder, 295�296
Mechanical di¤usion, 45
Method of images, 108
Michaelis�Menten kinetics, 51
Microscale patchiness, 291�294
Midges, 204�208
Migration
of animals, di¤usion models for, 186�191
of green turtles, di¤usion problem of, 115�
119
Minimum critical scales for population
survival, 316
Model ecosystem, Lotka-�olterra, 1�2
Monami, 43
Mortality rate, 372
Sub ect Inde� 463
Mosquito swarm, 198�200
Mosquitos, 204�208
Motility, 152
Motion of populations, 4
Movement
animal, see Animal movements
biased, near boundaries, 265
corridors and, 263�264
in heterogeneous environments, 266
individual-based models of, 262�264
rectilinear, 217
strategies of, for resource utilization, 250�
258
Movement ecology, 259
Moving sources, continuous emission from,
111�112
Multiscale processes, 266�267
Muskrat dispersal, model for, 191�194
Neighborhood, 231
Newton�s laws of motion for animal motion,
128�131
Newton�s second law of motion, 131
Niche diversi�cation in planktonic crustacea,
286
Nitrate concentration, 49�50
Nonconservative term, 300
Nonlinear stability analysis for di¤usion-
reaction systems, 357�364
Nonlocal interactions, 231
Nonrandom forces, 139�140
Normal distribution, 12
Nutrient-phytoplankton system, 354�355
Nutrient supply by upwelling, 50�51
Nutrients, 47
regeneration of, 48
in sea, di¤usion of, 47�62
�cean skaters, 89�90
�ceanographic di¤usion, 27�30
�ne-dimensional velocity ump process, 161
�rdered states, 295
�rganisms, dispersal of, 84�91
�riented behaviors, 138
�rthokinesis, 132, 153
��ygen �u�, 52
Panspermia hypothesis, 76
Parado� of enrichment, 369
Particle shape, settling velocity and, 63�65
Particulate organic matter �P�M�, 54
Passive di¤usion, 31
in ecosystems, 31�106
Passive ventilation, 102
Patch size, critical, of asocial populations,
312�313
Patches, zooplankton, 286�288
Patchiness
development of, 348�357
entropy of, di¤usion and, 294�297
microscale, 291�294
plankton, role of di¤usion in, 269�274
spectra of turbulence and, 274�280
Patchy distribution, di¤usion and, 268�297
Patlak�s model, 140�143
Pattern-developing instability in di¤usion-
reaction systems, 348�357
Peclet number, 51
Pelagic-benthic coupling, 59�62
Pheromone plume, 112�113
insects following, 114�115
Pheromone trail, 111
Pheromones, 107
insect, di¤usion of, 107�115
Photosynthetic rate, 37
Physical di¤usion, 20�26
Physical scales for chemical communication,
119�120
Phytoplankton, 52, see also Plankton entries
dispersion of, 276
Phytoplankton abundance, 279
Phytoplankton bloom, 270
Phytoplankton�herbivore system, 353�354
Phytoplankton odor, 123
Plague wave propagation, 330
Plane mi�ing layer, 36
Plankton, 3, see also Phytoplankton entries
Plankton aggregation, 209
Plankton distributions in convection cells,
280�288
Plankton patchiness, role of di¤usion in, 269�
274
Planktonic crustacea, niche diversi�cation in,
286
Plant canopies, 32
aquatic, 39�47
di¤usion within and above, 32�47
terrestrial, 32�38
turbulence in, 34�35
Plant quality, 326
Platt�s spectrum, 277�278
Platykurtic distributions, 176, 179
Poisson distribution, 268
Poisson points, 232�234
Pollen capture, 81
Pollination, wind and water, 79�84
Population balance with di¤usion, 317�320
Population build-up, 342
464 Sub ect Inde�
Population distribution, 156
Population dynamics
e¤ect of density-dependent dispersal on,
336�343
single-species, with dispersal, 304�320
in temporal and spatial domains, 298�373
two-species, with dispersal, 321�336
Population ecology, realistic models in, 373
Population �u�, 2, 251
density-dependent, 337
Population increase, rate of, 6
Population models, 298
simple, 304�310
Population pressure, dispersal and, 170�172
Population reservoir, 301
Population survival, minimum critical scales
for, 316
Population wave front, 305
Populations
asocial, see Asocial populations
competing, e¤ect of dispersal on, 343�347
logistic growth of, 306
motion of, 4
Position ump process, 137
Practical models, 5
Prairie-dog burrows, 93�100
Predator-avoidance behaviors, 214
Predator detection, 224
Predator�prey cycle, 323
Predator�prey model
generalized, 355�356
Lotka��olterra, 322�326
Predator-prey systems
e¤ect of advective �ow on, 334�336
with functional response, 354
Predator vigilance, animal grouping and, 226
Predators, 255
turning gambit involving, 255�258
Proper velocity, 215
Protozoans, chemical communication in, 120�
121
Pycnocline, 47
Quantum mechanics, 4
�abies epidemics, 331
�adiation boundary conditions, 301�302
�adio telemetry, 247�248
�andom dispersal, 361
�andom distribution, 268, 269
�andom forces, 19
�andom variables, 10�11
�andom walk�s�
correlated, 137�140
di¤usion and, 11�14
�andom walk model, e�tension of, 133�151
�andom walk theories, 2
�andomness in homing, 190�191
�ayleigh number, 288
�eaction-di¤usion equations, 299
nonlinear, 310
�eaction term, 300
�eaeration, 52
�ealistic models in population ecology,
373
�eceptor kinetics-based ta�is, 162�169
�ectilinear movement, 217
�ecursion equation, 13
�ed tides, 315
�eferences, 374�432
�e�ecting boundary, 301
�egion of retention, 283�284
�emineralization, 48
�epulsive transition, 155
�esidence inde�, 143
�esistive force, 129
�esource utilization, strategies of movement
for, 250�258
�esuspension, mechanism of, 291
�etention, region of, 283�284
�eynolds number, drag and, 129�130
�iverine aggregates, 55�56
�odent dispersal, computer simulation for,
250
�oughness parameter, 33
Sampling unit, square, 246
Schooling, �sh, 209�215
Schooling behavior, 226�227
Schro�dinger�s wave equation, 340
Sea-surface slicks, 55
Sea�oor spreading, 118�119
Seagrasses, 41�43
Sediment traps, 124
estimating statistical funnel of, 124�126
Sediments, solute transport in, 105�106
Seed dispersal diagram, 75
Seed rain, 71�72
Self-di¤usion, 300
Sel�sh herd, 222�223
Seston concentration, 60
Settling velocity, 63�66
particle shape and, 63�65
Shear-di¤usion model, 29�30
Sherwood number, 292
Similarity hypothesis of di¤usion, 21�22
Simulations, computer, see Computer
simulations
Sub ect Inde� 465
Single-species population dynamics with
dispersal, 304�320
Sinking-rate method, 65
Size structure, 373
Slick formation, 55
Smells, 107
di¤usion of, 107�126
Smoothing e¤ect of di¤usion, 325
Social grouping populations, dynamics of
animal grouping in, 234�237
Soils, solute transport in, 105�106
Solid interface, transport across, 91�106
Solute transport in soils and sediments, 105�
106
Spatial domains, population dynamics in,
298�373
Spatial pattern analysis, 269
Spatially e�plicit group-size distribution
models, 235�237
Spawners, broadcast, 85�88
Spawning, 86
Species diversity, 296
Spectral analysis, 278�280
Splitting in animal grouping, 219�222
Spore di¤usion, 3, 62�84
Spore dispersal, e�periments on, 73�76
Spore dispersion model, 67�72
Spore vertical distributions, 76�79
Spores, 62
Spring blooms, 315
Square sampling unit, 246
Stability problem, local, 321
Statistical funnel, 125
estimating, of sediment traps, 124�126
Statonovich calculus, 150�151
Steady state, 182
Steele�s model, 357�359
Still air, continuous emission in, 110�111
Stirring time, 292
Stochastic-convection equation, 303
Stochastic methods, 6�8
Stokes� law, 63
Stommel�s model, 282�284
Survival, population, minimum critical scales
for, 316
Survival coe�cient, 91
Swarm boundary, 201
Swarm marker, 205
Swarming
formulation of, by generalized di¤usion
equation, 200�202
insect, 202�208
landmark, 205
locust, 202�203
marine zooplankton, 208�209
mosquito, 198�200
video techniques for, 204
Taste, di¤usion of, 107�126
Ta�is, 131�132
biodi¤usion equations applied to, 151�156
computer simulation of, 157�158
internal state-mediated, 161�169
receptor kinetics-based, 162�169
Ta�is equation, 161
Taylor�s ��frozen pattern�� hypothesis, 276�
277
Telegraph equation, 134�135, 180
Telemetry, radio, 247�248
Telemetry data, 242
Temporal domains, population dynamics in,
298�373
Terrestrial plant canopies, 32�38
Thermoneutral zone, 100
Three-dimensional di¤usion equation, 108
Thrust, coe�cient of, 215
Topota�is, 132
Transfer-function models, 106
Transition probabilities, 154�155
Transparent e�opolymer particles �TEM�, 54
Travelling frontal waves, 304�310
Travelling wave solutions, 309
Travelling waves, 326�332
Turbulence, 16�17
di¤usivity due to, 24
eddies and, 274�275
in plant canopies, 34�35
spectra of, patchiness and, 274�280
Turbulent di¤usion, 15�18
equations of, 23�25
Turbulent di¤usivity, 24
Turbulent �ow, 15
Turbulent transport, 24
Turing e¤ect, 348
Turning gambit involving predators, 255�258
Two-species population dynamics with
dispersal, 321�336
niform distribution, 268, 269
noriented behaviors, 138
pwelling, 51
nutrient supply by, 50�51
tilization distribution, 238
�elocity autocorrelation coe�cient, 206, 207
�elocity e¤ect, 47
�elocity ump process, 137
one-dimensional, 161
466 Sub ect Inde�
�entilation, passive, 102
�ertical density current, 65
�ertical distributions
of insects in atmosphere, 172�185
spore, 76�79
�ideo techniques for swarming, 204
�irioplankton, 294
�iscosity, kinematic, 292
�iscous sucking, 95�100
�on Foerster�s equation, 365
aiting-time density, 137
ater column shear, 58
ater pollination, 79�84
ave equation, 135
ave front, population, 305
ave term, 180
avenumber, 333
critical, 351, 355, 360
ind, continuous emission in, 112�115
ind pollination, 79�84
ind pro�les, 34
�ero plane displacement, 32, 33
�ooplankton, 54
�ooplankton patches, 286�288
�ooplankton swarming, marine, 208�209
Sub ect Inde� 467
Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics
1. Gutzwiller: Chaos in Classical and Quantum Mechanics2. Wiggins: Chaotic Transport in Dynamical Systems3. Joseph/Renardy: Fundamentals of Two-Fluid Dynamics:
Part I: Mathematical Theory and Applications4. Joseph/Renardy: Fundamentals of Two-Fluid Dynamics:
Part II: Lubricated Transport, Drops and Miscible Liquids5. Seydel: Practical Bifurcation and Stability Analysis:
From Equilibrium to Chaos6. Hornung: Homogenization and Porous Media7. Simo/Hughes: Computational Inelasticity8. Keener/Sneyd: Mathematical Physiology9. Han/Reddy: Plasticity: Mathematical Theory and Numerical Analysis
10. Sastry: Nonlinear Systems: Analysis, Stability, and Control11. McCarthy: Geometric Design of Linkages12. Winfree: The Geometry of Biological Time13. Bleistein/Cohen/Stockwell: Mathematics of Multidimensional
Seismic Inversion14. Okubo/Levin: Di¤usion and Ecological Problems: Modern
Perspectives, Second Edition