el modelo objeto-relacional por: angelica urrutia ggr/2000

EL Modelo

Objeto-Relacional

Por: ANGELICA URRUTIA

UCMUCM

GGR/2000

Contenido • Introducción

• El modelo Objeto-Relacional

• Creación de tipos de datos

• Creación de tablas

• Manipulación de objetos

UCMUCM

GGR/2000

El Modelo Objeto-Relacional

• Modelo de Objetos sobre el modelo relacional–Object types (Name, attributes, Methods)

Object_Variable.Method()

UCM

GGR/2000

El Modelo Objeto-RelacionalUCMUCM

GGR/2000

Purchase Order

PONoOrderDateShipDate

getPONo()sumLineItems()

Purchase Order

PONoOrderDateShipDate

getPONo()sumLineItems()


GGR/2000

purchase_order(1000376,person ("John Smith","1-800-555-1212"),NULL )

Constructor


GGR/2000

CREATE TABLE person_table OF person;

Object Table: Es un tipo especial de tabla en la cual cada fila representa un objeto

INSERT INTO person_table VALUES ("John Smith","1-800-555-1212" );

SELECT VALUE(p) FROM person_table pWHERE p.name = "John Smith";


GGR/2000

Row Objects

Columns objects


GGR/2000

REF Datatype

Puntero Lógico a un Row Objects

CREATE TYPE person AS OBJECT (name VARCHAR2(30),manager REF person );

DECLARE OrderRef REF to Purchase_order;

SELECT REF(po) INTO OrderRefFROM purchase_order_table poWHERE po.id = 1000376;


GGR/2000

Collections/VARRAYs

CREATE TYPE prices AS VARRAY(10) OF NUMBER(12,2);

•Conjunto Ordenado de elementos

•Todos Los elementos son del mismo tipo

•Cada elemento tiene un índice


GGR/2000

Collections/Nested Table

CREATE TYPE lineitem_table AS TABLE OF lineitem;

•Conjunto no Ordenado de elementos

•Todos Los elementos son del mismo tipo

•Tiene una sola columna (built-in, Object Type)

NESTED TABLE lineitems STORE AS lineitems_table;

El Modelo Objeto-Relacional

UCMUCM

GGR/2000

Herencia

SUBTYPE Empleado IS Persona[(constraint)] [NOT NULL];


GGR/2000

CREATE TYPE person AS OBJECT (name VARCHAR2(30),phone VARCHAR2(20) );

CREATE TABLE contacts (contact person, date DATE );

INSERT INTO contacts VALUES (person (NULL, NULL),’24 Jun 1997’);

INSERT INTO contacts VALUES (NULL,’24 Jun 1997’ );

Valores Nulos


GGR/2000

Valores por defecto para objetos y coleciones

CREATE TYPE person AS OBJECT ( id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(30),address VARCHAR2(30) );

CREATE TYPE people AS TABLE OF person;

people ( person(1, ’John Smith’, ’5 Cherry Lane’),person(2, ’Diane Smith’, NULL) )

CREATE TABLE department (d_no CHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY,d_name CHAR(20),d_mgr person DEFAULT person(1,’John Doe’,NULL),d_emps people DEFAULT people() )NESTED TABLE d_emps STORE AS d_emps_tab;


GGR/2000

Constraint para Object Tables

CREATE TYPE location (building_no NUMBER,city VARCHAR2(40) );

CREATE TYPE person (ssno NUMBER,name VARCHAR2(100),address VARCHAR2(100),office location );

CREATE TABLE person_extent OF person (ssno PRIMARY KEY );

CREATE TABLE department (deptno CHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY,dept_name CHAR(20),dept_mgr person,dept_loc location,CONSTRAINT dept_loc_cons1UNIQUE (dept_loc.building_no, dept_loc.city),CONSTRAINT dept_loc_cons2CHECK (dept_loc.city IS NOT NULL) );


GGR/2000

Indices para Tablas Objetos y Tablas anidadas

CREATE TABLE departmentdeptno CHAR(5) PRIMARY KEY,dept_name CHAR(20),dept_addr address );

CREATE INDEX i_dept_addr1ON department (dept_addr.city);


GGR/2000

Triggers para Tablas ObjetosCREATE TABLE movement (ssno NUMBER,old_office, location,new_office location );

CREATE TRIGGER trig1BEFORE UPDATE

OF officeON person_extent

FOR EACH ROWWHEN new.office.city = ’REDWOOD SHORES’BEGINIF :new.office.building_no = 600 THENINSERT INTO movement (ssno, old_office, new_office)VALUES (:old.ssno, :old.office, :new.office);END IF;END;


GGR/2000

Example 1 - Tipo definido por el usuario

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE Address AS OBJECT( Street VARCHAR2(80), City VARCHAR2(80), State CHAR(2), Zip VARCHAR2(10) );

Example 2 - Tabla Anidada

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE AddressList AS TABLE OF Address;


GGR/2000

Example 3 - User-Defined VARRAY Type

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE PhoneList AS VARRAY(10) OF VARCHAR2(12);

Example 4 - User-Defined Object Type with Embedded Object

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE Person AS OBJECT( FirstName VARCHAR2(10), LastName VARCHAR2(10), CurAddr Address );


GGR/2000

Example 5 - User-Defined Object Type with REF

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE Person; // Tipo Incompleto//

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE Person AS OBJECT( FirstName VARCHAR2(10), LastName VARCHAR2(10), CurAddr Address, Mom REF Person, Dad REF Person, PrevAddrs AddressList, PhoneNums PhoneList );


GGR/2000

Example 7 - User-Defined Object Type with Methods

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE Person;

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE Person AS OBJECT( FirstName VARCHAR2(10), LastName VARCHAR2(10), CurAddr Address, Mom REF Person, Dad REF Person, PrevAddrs AddressList, PhoneNums PhoneList, MEMBER FUNCTION FullName RETURN VARCHAR2, MEMBER PROCEDURE MoveTo(newAddr IN Address), PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES(FullName, RNDS, WNDS) );


GGR/2000

Example 7 (continuación)

CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY Person AS MEMBER FUNCTION FullName RETURN VARCHAR2 IS BEGIN RETURN (SELF.FirstName || ' ' || SELF.LastName); END FullName;


GGR/2000

Example 8 - Creating an Object Table

CREATE TABLE People OF Person NESTED TABLE PrevAddrs STORE AS PrevAddrTab;

Example 9 - Creating a Table with an Object Column

CREATE TABLE Corporation( CorpName VARCHAR2(80), CorpAddr Address, CorpCEO REF Person SCOPE IS People );


GGR/2000

Example 10 - Creating an Object Table with Constraints and Defaults

CREATE TABLE People OF Person( FirstName NOT NULL, LastName NOT NULL, CurAddr DEFAULT Address('500 Oracle Parkway', 'Redwood Shores', 'CA', '94065') ) NESTED TABLE PrevAddrs STORE AS PrevAddrTab;


GGR/2000

Example 11 - Returning a Nested Table as a Locator

CREATE TABLE People OF Person( FirstName NOT NULL, LastName NOT NULL, CurAddr DEFAULT Address('500 Oracle Parkway', 'Redwood Shores', 'CA', '94065') ) NESTED TABLE PrevAddrs STORE AS PrevAddrTab RETURN AS LOCATOR;


GGR/2000

Example 12 - Populating the People Table

INSERT INTO People VALUES ( Person('Mr.', 'Ellison', Address('1 First Street', 'Orlando', 'FL', '34812'), NULL, NULL, AddressList(Address('2 Second Street', 'Orlando', 'FL', '34812'), Address('3 Third Street', 'Orlando', 'FL', '34812')), PhoneList('407-555-1234', '407-555-4321')) );


GGR/2000

Example 12 - Populating the People Table (cont..)

INSERT INTO People VALUES ( Person('Larry', 'Ellison', Address('1 First Street', 'Orlando', 'FL', '34812'), (SELECT REF(p) FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Mrs.' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison'), (SELECT REF(p) FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Mr.' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison'), AddressList(Address('2 Second Street', 'Orlando', 'FL', '34812'), Address('3 Third Street', 'Orlando', 'FL', '34812')), PhoneList('407-555-1234', '407-555-4321')) );


GGR/2000

Example 13 - Populating the Corporation Table

INSERT INTO Corporation VALUES ( 'Oracle Corporation', Address('500 Oracle Parkway', 'Redwood Shores', 'CA', '94065'), (SELECT REF(p) FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison') );


GGR/2000

Example 14 - Selecting an Embedded Object

SELECT c.CorpAddr FROM Corporation cWHERE c.CorpName = 'Oracle Corporation';

Example 15 - Selecting an Attribute of an Embedded Object

SELECT c.CorpAddr.Street FROM Corporation cWHERE c.CorpName = 'Oracle Corporation';


GGR/2000

Example 16 - Selecting an Object from an Object Table

SELECT VALUE(p) FROM People pWHERE p.LastName = 'Ellison';

Example 17 - Selecting an Object Reference from an Object Table

SELECT REF(p) FROM People pWHERE p.LastName = 'Ellison';


GGR/2000

Example 18 - Selecting a Nested Table Column from an Object Table

SELECT p.PrevAddrs FROM People pWHERE p.LastName = 'Ellison';

Example 19 - Selecting a VARRAY Column from an Object Table

SELECT p.PhoneNums FROM People pWHERE p.LastName = 'Ellison';


GGR/2000

Example 20 - Selecting Objects from a Nested Table

SELECT VALUE(a) FROM TABLE(SELECT p.PrevAddrs FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison') a;


GGR/2000

Example 21 - Collection Unnesting using the TABLE operator

SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, a.* FROM People p, TABLE(p.PrevAddrs) aWHERE p.LastName = 'Ellison';

p.FirstName p.LastName a.Street a.City a.State a.Zip------------ ----------- -------------- ---------- --------- --------Mr. Ellison 2 Second Street Orlando FL 34812Mr. Ellison 3 Third Street Orlando FL 34812Mrs. Ellison 2 Second Street Orlando FL 34812Mrs. Ellison 3 Third Street Orlando FL 34812Larry Ellison 2 Second Street Orlando FL 34812Larry Ellison 3 Third Street Orlando FL 34812


GGR/2000

Example 22 - Collection Unnesting using an Outer Join

SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, a.*FROM People p, TABLE(p.PrevAddrs) (+) aWHERE p.Lastname = 'Ellison';

Example 23 - Collection Unnesting with a VARRAY

SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, ph.*FROM People p, TABLE(p.PhoneNums) phWHERE p.LastName = 'Ellison';


GGR/2000

Example 24 - Selecting Data from a Referenced Object

SELECT p.Mom.FirstName FROM People pWHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' and p.LastName = 'Ellison';

Example 25 - Selecting a Member Function on an Object Table

SELECT p.FullName() FROM People pWHERE p.LastName = 'Ellison';


GGR/2000

Example 26 - Selecting a Member Function on a Referenced Object

SELECT c.CorpCEO.FullName() FROM Corporation cWHERE c.CorpName = 'Oracle Corporation';


GGR/2000

Example 27 - Querying a Nested Table Using a Nested Table LocatorDECLARE theCEO Person; theAddr Address;BEGIN SELECT VALUE(p) INTO theCEO FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison'; IF (UTL_COLL.IS_LOCATOR(theCEO.PrevAddrs)) THEN SELECT VALUE(a) INTO theAddr FROM TABLE(CAST(theCEO.PrevAddrs AS AddressList)) a WHERE a.Street = '2 Second Street'; ELSE FOR ndx IN 1..theCEO.PrevAddrs.COUNT LOOP IF (theCEO.PrevAddrs(ndx) = '2 Second Street') THEN theAddr := theCEO.PrevAddrs(ndx); END IF; END LOOP; END IF;END;


GGR/2000

Example 28 - Invoking a Member Procedure on an Object Type

DECLARE theCEO Person; newAddr Address := Address('500 Oracle Parkway', 'Redwood Shores', 'CA', '94065');BEGIN -- retrieve Person object from the database SELECT VALUE(p) INTO theCEO FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison'; -- change the address of the transient Person object theCEO.moveTo(newAddr); -- update the corresponding Person object in the database UPDATE People p SET p = theCEO WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison';END;


GGR/2000

Example 29 - Inserting into a Nested Table Using SQL

INSERT INTO TABLE(SELECT p.PrevAddrs FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison') VALUES ( Address('123 First Avenue', 'San Francisco', 'CA', '90909') );


GGR/2000

Example 30 - Update a Nested Table Using SQL

UPDATE TABLE(SELECT p.PrevAddrs FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison') paSET pa.Zip = '90910'WHERE pa.City = 'San Francisco' AND pa.State = 'CA';


GGR/2000

Example 31 - Querying Referenced Objects using DEREF

SELECT DEREF(c.CorpCEO) FROM Corporation cWHERE c.CorpName = 'Oracle Corporation';


GGR/2000

Example 30 - Update a Nested Table Using SQL

UPDATE TABLE(SELECT p.PrevAddrs FROM People p WHERE p.FirstName = 'Larry' AND p.LastName = 'Ellison') paSET pa.Zip = '90910'WHERE pa.City = 'San Francisco' AND pa.State = 'CA';

SubtyposUCMUCM

GGR/2000

Example 31 – CREATE TYPE Using SQL

CREATE TYPE direccion AS OBJECT(n-rut, calle varchar (10))

CREATE TYPE persona AS OBJECT (rut int, dir direccion)

SubtyposUCMUCM

GGR/2000

Example 32 – CREATE TABLE Using SQL(objeto fila)

CREATE TABLE person OF persona

INSERT INTO person VALUES (persona (7634559), direccion (1 sur 1350));

SubtyposUCMUCM

GGR/2000

Example 32 – CREATE TABLE Using SQL(objeto columna)

CREATE TABLE person1 OF (persona, sal INT (6))

CREATE TABLE person1 OF( per persona, sal INT (6)

INSERT INTO person1 VALUES (persona (7634559), direccion (1 sur 1350), 10.000);

el modelo objeto-relacional por: angelica urrutia ggr/2000

Documents