el presente perfecto español iii honores. ¿qué es el presente perfecto? the present perfect is...
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El presente El presente perfectoperfecto
Español III HonoresEspañol III Honores
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¿Qué es el presente ¿Qué es el presente perfecto?perfecto?
The present perfect is The present perfect is formed by combining a formed by combining a helping verb (“have” or helping verb (“have” or “has”) with the past “has”) with the past participleparticiple
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Por ejemplo…Por ejemplo…
For example:For example: I I have playedhave played tennis. tennis.She She has sunghas sung at weddings. at weddings.We We have flownhave flown in a plane. in a plane.
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Para formar in inglésPara formar in inglés
To form the present participle we To form the present participle we combine the helping verb “have/has” combine the helping verb “have/has” with a past participlewith a past participle For example, “I For example, “I have beenhave been a a
lifeguard.” lifeguard.” ““I” is the subjectI” is the subject““have” is the helping verbhave” is the helping verb““been” is the past participlebeen” is the past participle
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Para formar en españolPara formar en español In Spanish we form the present In Spanish we form the present
participle by combining the present participle by combining the present tense of the verb tense of the verb haber haber (the helping (the helping verb, or verb, or el verbo auxiliarel verbo auxiliar)) with a past with a past participleparticiple For example:For example:
Yo Yo he bailadohe bailado..I have danced.I have danced.
Nosotros no Nosotros no hemos estudiadohemos estudiado para el para el examen.examen.We haven’t studied for the test.We haven’t studied for the test.
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The present tense of The present tense of haberhaber
I have/ she hasI have/ she has
hehe hemoshemos
hashas habéishabéis
haha hanhan
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The past tense of The past tense of haberhaber
I had I had
habíahabía habíamoshabíamos
habíashabías habíaishabíais
habíahabía habíanhabían
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Remember…Remember…
How to form the past participleHow to form the past participle:: For –For –arar verbs, take the stem of the verbs, take the stem of the
verb and add –verb and add –adoado
Example: comprar → Example: comprar → compradocomprado For For –er–er and and –ir–ir verbs, take the stem verbs, take the stem
of the verb and add of the verb and add –ido–ido
Example: tener → Example: tener → tenidotenido
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Para formar…Para formar…
Here are the present perfect Here are the present perfect forms of forms of estudiar:estudiar:
he estudiadohe estudiado hemos hemos estudiadoestudiado
has has estudiadoestudiado
habéis habéis estudiadoestudiado
ha estudiadoha estudiado han han estudiadoestudiado
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Para formar…Para formar…
As you can see I have combined As you can see I have combined the present forms of the present forms of haber haber (the (the helping verbs)helping verbs)
hehe hemoshemos
hashas habéishabéis
haha hanhan
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……with the with the pastpast participle of participle of estudiarestudiar
hehe hemoshemos
hashas habéishabéis
haha hanhan
estudiado estudiado estudiadoestudiado
estudiadoestudiado estudiadoestudiado
estudiadoestudiado estudiadoestudiado
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Now you try…Now you try…
he ________he ________ hemos hemos ______________
has ________has ________ habéis habéis ________________
ha ________ha ________ han ________han ________
On a sheet of paper, see if you can figure out the present perfect forms for the verb hablar:
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he habladohe hablado hemos hemos habladohablado
has habladohas hablado habéis habéis habladohablado
ha habladoha hablado han habladohan hablado
Is this what you came up with?
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Let’s try another…Let’s try another…
Now see if you can form the present Now see if you can form the present perfect forms of the verb perfect forms of the verb tomar:tomar:
__ __________ ________ ____ ___________ _______
___ ___________ ________ _____ _____________ ________
__ __________ ________ ___ ___________ ________
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Is this what you got?Is this what you got?
he tomadohe tomado hemos hemos tomadotomado
has tomadohas tomado habéis habéis tomadotomado
ha tomadoha tomado han tomadohan tomado
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Now let’s try an Now let’s try an –er –er verbverb
See if you can come up with the See if you can come up with the present perfect forms for present perfect forms for comercomer::
__ ________ ______ _____ ___________ ______
___ _________ ______ ______ ____________ ______
__ ________ ______ ___ _________ ______
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Is this what you came up with?Is this what you came up with?
he comidohe comido hemos hemos comidocomido
has comidohas comido habéis habéis comidocomido
ha comidoha comido han comidohan comido
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Let’s try another one…see if you can Let’s try another one…see if you can come up with the present perfect come up with the present perfect tense of tense of irir::
__ _____ ___ _____ ________ ___
___ ______ ___ ______ _________ ___
__ _____ ___ ___ _________ ______
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Is this what you came up with?Is this what you came up with?
he idohe ido hemos idohemos ido
has idohas ido habéis idohabéis ido
ha idoha ido han idohan ido
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Many of you may have assumed that Many of you may have assumed that ir ir had an irregular past participle. had an irregular past participle. Afterall, it Afterall, it doesdoes have an irregular have an irregular presentpresent participle. But participle. But irir is actually is actually regular in this tense. Here are some regular in this tense. Here are some verbs that verbs that areare irregular in the past irregular in the past participle:participle:
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Not exactly irregular Not exactly irregular but…but…
-er -er and and –ir –ir verbs whose stems end in verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending a vowel have past participles ending in in –ído–ído
caer → caer → caídocaído creer → creer → creídocreído
leer → leer → leídoleído oír → oír → oídooído
reír → reír → reídoreído traer → traer → traídotraído
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IrregularsIrregulars
The following verbs have irregular past The following verbs have irregular past participles ending in participles ending in –to:–to:
abrir → abrir → abiertoabierto cubrir → cubrir → cubiertocubiertodescubrir → descubrir → descubiertodescubierto escribir → escribir → escritoescritomorir → morir → muertomuerto poner → poner → puestopuestoromper → romper → rotoroto ver → ver → vistovisto
volver → volver → vueltovuelto
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More irregularsMore irregulars
These verbs have irregular past These verbs have irregular past participles ending in participles ending in –cho:–cho:
decir → decir → dichodicho
hacer → hacer → hechohecho
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¡Practicamos!¡Practicamos!
See if you can form the correct present See if you can form the correct present perfect using the subject and verb given.perfect using the subject and verb given.Modelo: yo / decidir → Modelo: yo / decidir → He decididoHe decidido
1.1. ella / abrirella / abrirHa abiertoHa abierto
2.2. Marta y yo / tocarMarta y yo / tocarHemos tocadoHemos tocado
3.3. Gonzalo / crecerGonzalo / crecerHa crecidoHa crecido
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4.4. Tú y tus amigos / reírTú y tus amigos / reírHan reído Han reído óó habéis reído habéis reído
5.5. Mis padres / hacerMis padres / hacerHan hechoHan hecho
6.6. Tus abuelos / cubrirTus abuelos / cubrirHan cubiertoHan cubierto
7.7. Rogelio y Ramón / escribirRogelio y Ramón / escribirHan escritoHan escrito
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DR. IRV F. HEMPVACDR. IRV F. HEMPVAC
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DD decirdecir dichodicho To sayTo say
RR romperromper RotoRoto To breakTo break
II ImprimirImprimir ImpresoImpreso To printTo print
RR ResolverResolver ResueltoResuelto To resolveTo resolve
VV VerVer VistoVisto To seenTo seen
FF FreírFreír FritoFrito To FryTo Fry
HH HacerHacer HechoHecho To makeTo make
EE EscribirEscribir EscritoEscrito To writeTo write
MM MorirMorir MuertoMuerto To dieTo die
PP PonerPoner PuestoPuesto To To put/placeput/place
VV VolverVolver VueltoVuelto To returnTo return
AA AbrirAbrir AbiertoAbierto To openTo openCC CubrirCubrir CubiertoCubierto To coverTo cover