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Written Report in Cancer

Group Champagne Supernova

IV Leininger

Leader: Princess Celmea Aspuria

Members: Anna Patricia Trinidad

Sarah Jane Petalio

Teresa Mae Casiano

Junilyn Indico

Cancer

Definition of Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases in which cells proliferate abnormally, Ignoring growth

regulation signals in the environment surrounding the cells.

Etiology of Cancer

Physical Agentso Radiationo Exposure to Irritantso Exposure to sunlighto Altitude, humidity

Chemical Agentso Smokingo Dietary ingredientso Drugs

Genetics and Family Historyo Colon Cancero Premenopausal breast cancer

Dietary Habitso Low-Fibero High-Fato

Processed Foodso Alcohol

Viruses and Bacteriao DNA VirusesHepa B, Herpes, Eipstein Bar Viruso CytomegaloVirus, Human Papilloma Viruso RNA Viruses, HIV, Human T cell lymphotropic virus type Io Bacterium H. pylori

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Hormonal Agentso DES (Diethylstillbestrol)o Estrogen

Immune Diseaseo AIDS

F.A.C.T.O.R.S.

F - Frequent Irritation

A - Acquired Genes

C - Chemical carcinogens, drugs and cigarette

T - Trauma

O - Oncoviruses

R - Radiation

S - Suppressed Immune System

American Cancer Society 9 Warning Signals of Cancer

C - Change in bowel/bladder habits

A - A sore that does not heal

U - Unusual Bleeding

T - Thickening or lump in the breast

I - Indigestion

O - Obvious change in warts

N - Nagging cough and hoarseness

U - Unexplained anemia

S - Sudden weight loss

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Cancer Therapy

Goals of Cancer Therapy

CureClient will be disease free and live normal expectancy

Control

Cancer not cured but controlled by therapy over long periods of time PalliativeCure and control not possible but maintain as high quality for the

client

Oncologic Nursing Management

Maintain tissue integrity Management of stomatitis Management of alopecia Promote nutrition Relieve pain Decrease fatigue Improve body image Assist in the grieving process Manage complications

Nursing Care of Terminally Ill Patient

Directed towards making the patient physically and psychologically as comfortable as

possible

Nutritiono High Calorie and protein dieto Small frequent feedingso Fluids intake, 1000-1500ml above the normal

Activityo Prevent tissue breakdown and vascular complications

Frequent turning, skin massagem air mattresses Active and Passive ROM

Observe for toxic reactions to treatment Supportive measures and drugs for pain relief Maintain open communication with patient and family Control of odor

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Pathophysiology of Cancer

Normal Cells

Hyperplasia

Metaplasia

Dysplasia

In-Situ Carcinoma

Tumor Invasion then Metastasis

Quiz

1. It is a group of diseases in which cells proliferate abnormally, Ignoring growth regulationsignals in the environment surrounding the cells.

2-4. Give 3 Etiologies of cancer

5-9. Give 5 warning signs of cancer

10. Give 1 goal of cancer therapy

11-15. Give 5 nursing managements for cancer patients